• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.836-840
• /
• 1998

The intrinsic and equilibrium isotope effects on the 13C NMR chemical shift of the cyclooctanone-2-D were investigated. Equilibrium constants and changes in the free energies, enthalpy, entropy, which are derived from the temperature dependence of the isotope shifts, are reported for this isotopomer.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.595-599
• /
• 1992

The temperature dependence of C-13 chemical shifts are observed for the cyclooctanone arylhydrazones. The temperature-dependent chemical shifts for these derivatives are explained by postualating the existence of two equilibrating structures. In addition, the assignment between the $^{13}C$ signals of methylene carbon pairs can be done by application of the ${gamma}$ -substituent effect.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제14권8호
• /
• pp.342-364
• /
• 2014

본 논문의 목적은 N- 혹은 멀티스크린 기술의 발전 및 OTT서비스 환경에서 TV서비스 중심의 미디어 생태계 변화의 특징과 함의는 무엇인가? 라는 질문에 대한 해답을 찾으려는 것이다. 이를 위해 대체재/보완제의 위협 및 신규사업자의 위협에 초점을 맞추되, 현행의 복잡한 경쟁 관계를 매체간의 역사적 흐름 속에서 이해하려고 시도하였다. 분석의 틀로 한광접의 TPC모델을 이용해 연구관점과 연구범위를 크게 기술/산업(Technology), 정책(Policy) 및 소비자(Consumer)의 세 분야로 구분했다. 이 세 부분의 균형잡힌 연계성의 필요에도 불구하고, 연구의 초점은 시장분석에 맞추었다. 비디오 분배서비스시장을 새로운 인터넷/컴퓨터기반 신규사업자들의 시장진입과, 이에 대응하는 기존 미디어사업자들의 대응전략을 기존의 유료TV사업자들(IPTV/케이블TV/위성TV사업자)과 무료(공중파)TV네트워크사업자로 구분해 분석하였다. 이러한 분석을 바탕으로 전환의 특징을 통신부분의 파워쉬프트, 방송부분의 파워쉬프트, 통신망사업자와 OTT사업자의 전략적 제휴, 타임 쉬프트, 플레이스 쉬프트 및 비즈니스모델 쉬프트 등 여섯 가지로 정리하고, 이에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2017

The sidereal day of a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite was intended to equal one half of a sidereal day of the Earth. However, the sidereal day of GPS satellites has become unequal to one half of a sidereal day of the Earth. This is fundamentally caused by the non-sphericity of the Earth and the gravity of the Moon. The difference between sidereal days of GPS satellites and the Earth is known as a sidereal shift. The details surrounding sidereal shifts and their origins have yet to be fully understood. We calculated the periodicity of sidereal shifts for GPS satellites using broadcast ephemeris data. To conduct a periodic analysis of the sidereal shift, we employ the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method. It shows that the orbit periods of GPS satellites have small-amplitude perturbations with a 13.6-day period. In addition, we compare the GPS satellite orbit periods with the periodicity of geomagnetic indices and the solar wind parameters to identify the cause of the perturbations. Our results suggest that the solar wind stream might also affect the 13.6-day period of the sidereal shifts.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.415-419
• /
• 1996

수소결합, 유전효과 그리고 입체효과는 케톤의 카르보닐 신축진동을 결정하는 요인이 된다. 케톤의 카르보닐 신축진동은 다양한 용매에서 케톤의 농도변화에 영향을 받는다. 비극성용매에서 카르보닐 신축진동은 케톤의 부피%가 증가함에 따라 낮은 파수로 이동하고 극성용매에서는 높은 파수로 이동한다. 용매 아세토니트릴에서 카르보닐 신축진동은 dimethyl ketone을 제외하고 케톤의 부피%가 증가함에 따라 높은 파수로 이동한다. 용매의 극성이 증가할수록 카르보닐 신축진동은 낮은 파수로 이동하고 혼합용매 $CHCI_3CCI_4$에서 부피%가 증가할수록 낮은 파수로 이동한다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.3-10
• /
• 2005

이 논문에서는 최대길이를 갖는 90/150 셀룰라 오토마타로부터 얻어진 수열에 대해 대수적으로 연구한다. GF(2) 위에서 최대길이를 갖는 n-셀 90/150 셀룰라 오토마타는 길이가 $2^n-1$인 수열을 생성한다. 이러한 셀룰라 오토마타의 임의의 셀에 대한 출력수열은 다른 셀에 대한 출력수열의 위치를 이동함으로써 얻어질 수 있다. LFSR과는 달리, 셀룰라 오토마타의 셀들에 대한 출력수열들의 위상이동차는 일반적으로 셀룰라 오토마타의 단계들 사이에서 다르다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 셀들 사이의 상대적인 위상이동차를 계산하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 이 알고리즘은 Sarkar의 알고리즘과 달리 Shank의 알고리즘을 이용하지 않으며, 원하는 위치의 위상이동차를 계산하기 위하여 이전 셀의 위치의 위상이동차를 계산할 필요가 없으며 수행시간은 $O(2^n)$이다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.930-934
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the change of Yangdorak in women who work in three shifts and during the day. In this research, seventy women who work during the day and thirty women who work in three shifts, all of whom are working at Woo shin hyang Oriental Hospital and Kang dong gu Office, were the two subjects for it. We evaluated and compared the Yangdorak appeared in two groups and studied the relations with clinical symptoms between the two. In Yangdorak, the women who work in three shifts were evaluated low numerical value in liver meridian, heart meridian, kidney meridian compared with the women who work during the day. Based on the results above, we can state that the women who work in three shifts suffer from severe dysmenorrhea, insomnia, cold hypersensitivity.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.240-248
• /
• 2015

Background: Recovery from fatigue is important in maintaining night workers' health. This study compared the course of self-reported recovery after 2-week 12-hour schedules consisting of either night shifts or swing shifts (i.e., 7 night shifts followed by 7 day shifts) to such schedules consisting of only day work. Methods: Sixty-one male offshore employees-20 night workers, 16 swing shift workers, and 25 day workers-rated six questions on fatigue (sleep quality, feeling rested, physical and mental fatigue, and energy levels; scale 1-11) for 14 days after an offshore tour. After the two night-work schedules, differences on the $1^{st}$ day (main effects) and differences during the follow-up (interaction effects) were compared to day work with generalized estimating equations analysis. Results: After adjustment for confounders, significant main effects were found for sleep quality for night workers (1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.05-1.89) and swing shift workers (1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.94) when compared to day workers; their interaction terms were not statistically significant. For the remaining fatigue outcomes, no statistically significant main or interaction effects were found. Conclusion: After 2-week 12-hour night and swing shifts, only the course for sleep quality differed from that of day work. Sleep quality was poorer for night and swing shift workers on the $1^{st}$ day off and remained poorer for the 14-day follow-up. This showed that while working at night had no effect on feeling rested, tiredness, and energy levels, it had a relatively long-lasting effect on sleep quality.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.81-92
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The aim of the study is to measure the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the fatigue of rescuers wearing PPE (Level D) during a CPR session and to ultimately provide suggestions of safety standards for rescuers. Methods: 36 subjects were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided randomly into three groups of two-members, three-members, and four-members. Each group performed CPR for 30 minutes. Blood lactate concentration, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, chest compression depth and rate were measured before experiment and after each cycle. Results: There was a difference in the blood lactate concentration during CPR cycle by member of shifts (p=.014). The blood lactate concentration increased during CPR (p=.000). Subjective fatigue was a significant difference of chest compression in cycles 3, 4, and 5 for the member of shifts during CPR (p=.049, p=.009, p=.015). Depth and rate of chest compression were not different for the member of shifts during CPR. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish standards for the member of shifts during CPR, to reduce the fatigue of rescuers.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.243-245
• /
• 2002

Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) is an octadecapeptide distributed in the optic lobe and the brain in a variety of insect species. There are lines of evidence suggesting possible involvement of PDF in the insect circadian system. However, its physiological roles in the circadian time keeping mechanism have not been clearly defined. In this study, we have examined the phase shifting effects of Gryllus-PDF on the circadian locomotor rhythm in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus of which circadian clock is located in the optic lobe. Phase shifts in the circadian activity rhythm were measured following microinjection of 22nl of vehicle (Ringer's solution) or O.lmM PDF into the optic lobe through the compound eye at various circadian times. The results showed that PDF induced phase shifts of the circadian clock in a phase-dependent manner, suggesting that it may play a role as an input signal for the circadian clock.