• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2002

This study investigated the self wrapping made possible through the anonymity of cuber-space. According to the analysis of the data, which were collected from the online for 2 days, 2,168 respondents were grouped into three types: Those maintaining the strong sense of identity achievement), 53.8%, those experiencing confusion(identity diffusion), 38.3%, and those losing the sense of identity(foreclosure), 7.9%. Among the general respondents, it was reported that the case of sex wrapping was 11.4%, that of occupation, 40.1%, and that of marital status, 60.6%. Specially 11.4% of the sex wrapper took heterogeneous gender identity, while 7% performed dual sex roles. The rate of gender wrapping of female respondents was higher than that of male ones, which reflects female respondents' longing for male sex. Self-disparity between cyber-space and virtual-space was related with the type of self-identity and gender-identity. The rate of self-disparity between cuber-space and virtual-space was 9%. If it occurred continuously, it may cause individual mental division and maladjustment.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.362-378
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• 1999

This study is to investigate sex role identity and health behavior among university students in Seoul, during the late of 1999. The instruments for data obtainment were KSRI of Kim(1994), and Health Style : A Self-Test provided by ODPHP National Health Information Center. These instrument were reliable, showing Cronbach $\alpha$ .98 and .77. Frequency, t-test, $x^2$-test, stepwise regression were conducted for data analysis, using SAS 6.12 program. The major findings were as follows : 1. For female student. Androgeny(34.0%)type was most common and subjects of feminity type were 28.7%. In contrast, Masculinity type(41.8%) was most prevalent. and undifferentiated type was 30.1% among male students. There were significant difference between male and female student in the type of sex role identity. 2. 89.6% of all subjects were included in risk group for exercise and physical activity, 86.4% for diet habit, 43.2% for alcohol drinking and drug use, 35.6% for stress control, 32.8% for safety behavior, 24.8% for smoking. The big health risk behavior problem of male students were smoking, drinking, diet habit, and exercise. The important health risk behavior problem were diet habit and exercise. There were significant difference in smoking, drinking, exercise between sex. 3. Analysis of the distribution by sex role identity type and health behavior revealed that subjects who were undifferentiated typed group had high risk behavior in stress control, safety, exercise, drinking. Smoking and drinking were more problematic for masculinity typed group had high risk behavior in diet and exercise. The data showed that androginy typed group had more healthy behavior, compared with other sex role identity typed group for all of health behavior. Further research is need to understand the role of sex role identity in health behavior, the variables associated with them. And sex role identity has to be considered in research and practice about health promotion.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2002

This study investigated if and how work-family conflict and sex-role identity influence married female teachers' job involvement. The results of this study follow. First, married female teachers in the high work-family conflict group showed lower job involvement than that of those in the low work-family conflict group. The mean difference of job involvement between the high and low work-family conflict groups was not statistically significant. Second, the married female teachers with an Androgynous sex-role identity showed higher job involvement than those with a Feminine sex-role identity. Finally, the job involvement of Androgynous married female teachers was damaged less under high work-family conflict situations than that of Feminine married female teachers. These results imply that to increase married female teachers' job involvement, the improvement of physical/environmental conditions and psychological changes for women are necessary.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate dual gender identity, masculine gender identity, feminine gender identity, undifferentiated gender identity with related to Sex, home environments, parental child-rearing attitude of warmth, parental child-rearing attitude of control, role division of parents and determine predictors for dual gender identity. Method : Study subjects were $6^{th}$ grade of primary students with 2,118. Data was collected from Oct to Nov 2003 by using structured questionnaire. Results : ${\cdot}$ Among the children, 345 had masculine gender identity, 529 had feminine gender identity, 526 had undifferentiated gender identity, and 718 had dual gender identity. ${\cdot}$ There were significant differences in the children's sex, mother's age, father's age, mother's educational level, father's educational level, existence of mother's job, father's job, social economic status, sex of siblings, mother's job satisfaction, family structure, family atmosphere, child-rearing attitude(warmth and control), role division of parents($p{\leq}0.001$) among 4 groups. ${\cdot}$ The significant predictors for dual gender identity were children's sex (OR = 0,196, P =0.001), father's age(OR = 31.053, p = 0.020), mother's educational level(OR = 43,980, p = 0.001), father's job(OR=27.465, p = 0.001), social economic status(OR=O.941, p=0.001), sex of siblings(OR = 0.329, p = 0.005), mother's job satisfaction(OR = 0.673, p =0.001), family structure(OR = 0.887, p = 0.001), family atmosphere(OR = 23.786, p = 0.001), parental Child-rearing attitude of warmth(OR = 8.043, p = 0.001) and child-rearing attitude of control(OR = 0.666, p = 0.005), role division of parents(OR = 3.009, p = 0.001). Conclusions : These findings suggest the necessity of broad understandings about factors which influence dual gender role, and construction of combinative model. Also they suggest parent education for establishment of children's dual gender identity.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.225-238
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• 2001

This study investigated the relationships of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality to gender and sex role identity in young adults. The subjects of this study were 42 males and 46 females, the age of 30 to 39 years old. Care-oriented morality was assessed by the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI) and justice-oriented morality was assessed by the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT) while sex role identity was assessed by the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). Care-oriented morality of most of the subjects was on level 2. The P(%) score of justice-oriented morality of most of the subjects was found to be pretty high. Sex differences were found both in the levels of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality. That is, women were higherthan men both in care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality. However, no significant difference in sex role identity types was found both in the levels of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2002

This is a study of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality among middle-aged adults. Thirty seven males and forty six females between the ages of 45 and 59 years old participated in this study Care-oriented morality was measured by the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI) while the justice-oriented morality was assessed using the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT). Sex role identification was interpreted by using the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). In terms of care-oriented morality, the majority of the subjects were at level 2. The P(%) score of justice-oriented morality was found to be a little low. We found a significant difference between genders in terms of care-oriented morality, with females exhibiting a higher care-oriented morality. However, there was no significant difference in sex role identity types in terms of care-oriented morality. Nor did we find a significant interaction effect between gender and sex role identity. There was no gender difference in justice-oriented morality, but there was a significant difference among sex role identity types. Masculine males Possess the highest justice-oriented morality. A significant interaction effect was found to exist between sex role identity and gender.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of sex education on middle school boys' perception about obscene materials and self identity. Methods: This study was employed, using pretest-posttest of nonequivalent control group design. Data were collected from April 1st to May 14th, 2005. The subjects were recruited from two middle boys' school in Incheon which have similar class accomplishments and financial statues. Sampling method was used 70 students were assigned to experimental group and 74 students to control group. The 45 minutes sex education was given 4 times within 3 weeks to the experimental group. Four weeks later after education has finished, post test was done. The data were analyzed using Chi test, Fisher's exact test and t -test by SPSS. Results: The 1st hypothesis 'The experimental group which received sex education will have a higher score of perception about obscene materials than control group' was supported(t = 3.370, p = .001). The 2nd hypothesis 'The experimental group which received sex education will have a higher score about self identity than the control group' was supported(t = 1.997, p = .048). Conclusion: This study showed that sex education effectively helps middle school boys to have right perception about obscene materials and to promote self identity.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.367-379
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• 1993

The objectives of this study were to classify the contents of clothing image preferences of Korean and American students, and to examine how clothing image preferences vary according to sex role identity, sex, and culture. A woman's clothing image preference inventory and the Bem Sex Role Inventory were administered to 127 Korean students and 116 American students. Sex role idendity was classified into androgynous, masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated type. 1. Four segments of woman's clothing image preference derived by factor analysis : F. 1 'splendid-plain' ; F. 2 'feminine-masculine' ; F. 3 'casual-formal' ; F. 4 'classic-contemporary'. 2. Americans prefered splendid image more than did Koreans. Androgynous-typed males liked splendid image most among American male subjects. 3. There was interaction effect between sex and culture on feminine-masculine image preference. In Korean students, males liked feminine image much more than did females. Masculine-typed females liked masculine image most among American female subjects. 4. Koreans prefered casual image more than did Americans. 5. There was interaction effect between sex role identity, sex, and culture($4{\times}2{\times}2$) on classic-contemporary image preference. Feminine-typed females liked classic image most among Korean female subjects. 6. Korean males especially prefered luxurious image least. Korean females contemporary most, American males sexy most, American females fashionable most among four subject groups. That is, differences on clothing image preferences were found according to sex role identity, sex, and culture.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.161-172
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• 1988

The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of sex and sex role identity on marital satisfaction. The short-from Bem Sex Role Inventory(BSRI) and Marital satisfaction Scale (MSS) were administered to the married men (n=90) and women (n=130) in Pohaing City. The data were analysed by two-way ANOVA and the Scheff method of multiple comparison. Major findings were as follows: 1. Marital satisfaction was significantly related to sex role identity rather than to sex: The androgynous group reported the highest marital satisfaction scores, whereas the undifferentiated group did the lowest scores. 2. There was no significant sex difference in marital satisfaction socres among the masculine, androgynous, and undifferentiated groups except the feminine one. Only in the feminie group, males who had high feminity scores reported high marital satisfaction scores, whereas females who had high femininity scores reported low marital satisfaction scores.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.167-179
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• 1991

Sex role reseach in korea has been hindered by the absence a sex role inventory which is based on the sex role stereotypes of the Korea society. This study has attempted to establish the korean sex-role identity inventory in line with the theory and methods of the androgynous perspective, In a prelinminary study 450 judges rated the desirability of 156 personality characteristics for males and females in Korean society. Following Broverman's procedure for item selection, male-oriented traits(20 items), female-oriented traits(20 items), and neutral traits(10 items) were selected. Sex-role identity inventory were administred to 982 judges. Compared to the translated versions of foreign sex role inventories or the masculinity-feminity scales of the traditional personality tents which do not correspond with androgyny theory, the results of this study have various advantages for sex-role reserach in Korea.