• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1303-1317
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• 2000

This study was conducted to identify a effect of the comprehensive self-regulation program for hypertensives as a nursing intervention on self-care performance and the physiologic parameters in rural areas. For this purpose, a nonequivalent control group and a pre and post-test quasi- experimental design was used. Fifty-four were evaluated subjects from two Community Health Practitioner Posts in the suburbs of Taejon City. The subjects of the control and experimental groups were matched for age and sex. The self-regulation program developed by author given to the experimental group. The program consisted of group education on hypertension and self-care, self-regulation including the blood pressure self-monitoring, recording of self-care activities, and encouraging and reinforcing self-efficacy. The whole program was carried out from September to November of 1999. The data were analyzed by repeated measure ANCOVA, t-test, and ANCOVA. The results were as follows ; There was significant improvement in the scores on knowledge (F=.68, P=.004), perceived self-efficacy (F=26.39, P=.000), self-care performance (F=26.11, P=.000) of the experimental group compared with those of the control group. There was no significant change on the score of locus of control, perceived benefits and perceived barrier, blood cholesterol level, body weight between two groups (P>.05). From these results, it can be concluded that the self-regulation program is an effective nursing strategy to promote self-care performance of hypertensives in rural area.

• Health Policy and Management
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Background: The objective of this research is to investigate and provide analysis of the economic participatory change affecting the unmet needs of health care in Korean adults. Methods: We used Korea health panel 4th and 5th data of 10,261 adults. The method of investigation is threefold. First, We identified the regional factors affecting unmet needs of health care. Second, we analyzed the effect of economic participatory change as it affects the unmet needs of health care. Third, we also investigated whether there were discernable differences between the age subgroups. Results: It was determined that influencing factors included sex, education, economic level, and health status. And after the subgroup analysis of age, we found that the economic participatory change was associated with the economical unmet needs of health care especially for those over 40 years of age. Also the population are facing unemployment enduring particular economic hardship in meeting their medical needs. Conclusion: This study finds that there are some policy recommendations for the sake of medical service equality. Medical welfare policy for those 40 years of age and older has been identified as an area that needs improvement. And considering that those 40 years of age and older are facing unemployment enduring particular economic hardship in meeting their medical needs, this study finds a need for government sponsored medical stipends or subsidizing of medical premiums, co-payment, and other fees.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.460-470
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find which variables among impulsiveness, aggression, and emotional intelligence can predict the game addiction of elementary school students best. Method: We conducted the present study during the period from April 15, 2004 through June 5, 2004. The subjects of this study were elementary school students chosen from three elementary schools in the Daejeon area. The subjects were selected randomly from 4th, 5th, and 6th graders in those schools. The number of subjects selected was 601. The measurement tools used were the general information questionnaire, computer game addiction scales, impulsiveness scales. aggression scales, and emotional intelligence scales. The data was analyzed using the SPSS statistics program. Results: The mean score of the students was 49.94 on the computer game addiction scale. 56.17 on the impulsiveness scale, 141.19 on the aggression scale, while the mean score of the students on the emotional intelligence scale was 162.78. Various factors were significantly different in the levels of computer game addiction: grade (F=7.343. p=.000). sex (t=6.352. p=.000), school record (F=4.263. p=.004), parents' computer use (F=4.097. p= .008), history of playing games (F=10.739. p=.000), frequency of playing games (F=61.254. p=.000). and number of computer game titles (F=61.673. p= .004). The computer game addiction had significant correlations with impulsiveness (r= .401. p=.000), aggression (r=.612. p=.000). and emotional intelligence (r=.536, p=.000). All three factors of impulsiveness, aggression, and emotional intelligence affected the level of game addiction. Among these factors. the aggression affected the level of addiction the most. Conclusion: These results will help the development of a systematic program for the prevention and treatment of computer game addiction by clarifying the effects of the computer game addiction upon the elementary school students' impulsiveness, aggression, and emotional intelligence.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.19-32
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• 1999

In this study, the trip characteristics of workers in the city are systematically analyzed. The trip behaviors and socioeconomic characteristics of workers are analyzed using Person Trip Survey Data of 1988 and 1992 in Taegu Metropolitan area. With the results of behavioral analyses, the daily travel pattern of workers is shown as one tour contained two trips and it is relatively simple and stable. Also the rate using the same mode in a day is Presented as high ratio. So, it can be explained that the choice of worker\`s first trip is fixed his/her travel mode for his/her daily travel mode. Based on these analyses, the mode choice model for workers is developed by applying the Multi-nominal Logit Model with the choice set of bus, taxi, and car. The explanatory variables of this model include sex, age, auto, travel time, and cost. Empirical tests of the model show encouraging results. After that, the temporal transferability of the model is examined by the Pairwise t-test and five indexes far the model of 1988 and 1992. The results of examination are satisfied with each significance level of the explanatory variables and five indexes. Therefore. it can be concluded that the temporal transferability of this model developed in this study is resonable.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.733-738
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• 2016

Background: Ardabil, a Northwestern province of Iran, was found to have the highest rate of gastric cancer (GC) in the country (ASRs = 51.8/100,000 for males and 24.9/100,000 for females) and one of the highest gastric cardia cancer rates in the world. The aim of the present study was to assess the associations of the cagA and babA2 status of Helicobacter pylori with GC in the Ardabil population. Materials and Methods: A total of 103 patients with non-atrophic gastritis (56) and GC (47), who underwent endoscopy at the Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil, were assessed. The status of 16S rDNA, cagA and babA2 genes was determined using PCR and histopathological assessment was performed. Results: The following genotypic frequency was observed: cagA+ (50.6%), cagA-(49.4%), babA2+ (26.5%), babA2- (73.5%) cagA+/babA2+ (19.3%), cagA-/babA2+ (7.2%), cagA+/babA2-(31.3%), cagA-/babA2-(42.2%). Although the frequency of the cagA+, cagA+/babA2+ and cagA-/babA2+ genotypes in patients with GC (55.6%, 25.9%, and 14.8%, respectively) was higher than in those with NAG (48.2%, 16.1%, and 3.6%, respectively), the difference did not reach significance. In contrast, the presence of the babA2 gene (40.7% vs 19.6%) significantly increased the risk of GC; the age-sex-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 5.068 (1.506-17.058; P=0.009), by multiple logistic regression. Conclusions: It is proposed that the H. pylori babA2 positivity might be considered as an important determinant of GC risk in Ardabil.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.618-624
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• 2018

Objective : We evaluated the clinical manifestation and surgical results following operative treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) caused by anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) muscle. Methods : Among 142 patients who underwent surgery for CuTS from November 2007 to October 2015, 12 were assigned to the AE group based on discovery of AE muscle; 130 patients were assigned to the other group. We analyzed retrospectively; age, sex, dominant hand, symptom duration, and weakness in hand. Severity of the disease was evaluated using the Dellon classification and postoperative symptom were evaluated using disability of arm shoulder and hand (DASH) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Surgery consisted of subfascial anterior transposition following excision of AE muscle. Results : AE muscle was present in 8.5% of all patients, and was more common in patients who were younger and with involvement of their dominant hand; the duration of symptom was shorter in patients with AE muscle. All patients showed postoperative improvement in symptoms according to DASH and VAS scores. Conclusion : The possibility of CuTS caused by AE muscle should be considered when younger patients have rapidly aggravated and activity-related cubital tunnel symptoms with a palpable mass in the cubital tunnel area. Excision of AE muscle and anterior ulnar nerve transposition may be considered effective surgical treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4970-4978
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• 2013

This study was performed to determine the relationships between social supports and depression symptoms among high school students in urban areas. The self-administered questionnaires were given to 514 students located in Daejeon city during the period from April 1st to May 31th, 2010. As a results, the level of depression symptoms was significantly higher in proportion to lower level of social support of families and friends. And the level of depression symptoms was positively correlated with level of social support of families and friends. In multiple regression analysis, the factors of influence with the level of depression symptoms was sex, school grade, academic achievement, friendship with the school fellow, satisfaction of school life and satisfaction of family life. Especially explanatory powers to the level of depression symptoms increased by social support of families and friends. As a conclusion, the level of depression symptoms among high school students implies closely related with level of social support of families and friends.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2012

Purpose: Interest in peptic ulcer in children has been relatively low because the disease is rarer in children than in adults and there were restrictions in the application of endoscopy to children, but the recent development of pediatric endoscopy is activating research on pediatric peptic ulcer. Thus, this study compared the $H.$ $pylori$ infection rate and clinical and endoscopic findings among pediatric patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 58 pediatric patients for whom whether to be infected with $H.$ $pylori$ was confirmed selected out of pediatric patients diagnosed with gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at the Department of Pediatrics of Gachon University Gil Hospital during the period from January 2002 to December 2007. A case was considered $H.$ $pylori$ positive if $H.$ $pylori$ was detected in the Giemsa stain of tissue or the results of UBT (urea breath test) and CLO (rapid urease test) were both positive. Results: Of the pediatric patients, 37 were infected with $H.$ $pylori$ and 21 were not. The $H.$ $pylori$ infection rate increased with aging and the result was statistically significant ($p$<0.05). However, $H.$ $pylori$ infection was not in a statistically significant correlation with sex, chief complaint, and gastroduodenal ulcer ($p$>0.05). Conclusion: $H.$ $pylori$ infection increased with aging, but was not significantly correlated with gastroduodenal ulcer. Further research may need to examine prospectively the relation between $H.$ $pylori$ and gastroduodenal ulcer in the Incheon area.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2005

Recently, the usage of an exercising treadmill has increased in Korean homes. Along with increasing utilization of these machines, injuries relating to the inadvertent usage of the machine have gradually increased for the last several years. The purpose of this study is to identify the feature of this type of injury, thereby to help prevent and to raise an awareness of the potential injury. 25 patients who had been admitted to Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from January 2002 through March 2004 were investigated retrospectively. Age, sex, place of injury, the area and the extent of injury, treatment and prognosis were analyzed for each case. All injuries involved in the children with an average age of 3.5 years. This new type of injury was at least a deep second-degree burn of the friction-burn type in all cases. Most of them primarily involved hands. Inattention of the guardian was the main cause of such injuries. 68% of the cases needed an operation such as a split-thickness skin graft or a full-thickness skin graft. In this study, authors reached a conclusion that such injuries may be prevented by an education of the potential risks of using a treadmill and by developing additional safety devices.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2010

Genome-wise association studies (GWASs) have become popular approaches to identify genetic variants associated with human biological traits. In this study, we applied Structural Equation Models (SEMs) in order to model complex relationships between genetic networks and traits as risk factors. SEMs allow us to achieve a better understanding of biological mechanisms through identifying greater numbers of genes and pathways that are associated with a set of traits and the relationship among them. For efficient SEM analysis for GWASs, we developed a procedure, comprised of four stages. In the first stage, we conducted single-SNP analysis using regression models, where age, sex, and recruited area were included as adjusting covariates. In the second stage, Fisher's combination test was conducted for each gene to detect significant genes using p-values obtained from the single-SNP analysis. In the third stage, Fisher's exact test was adopted to determine which biological pathways were enriched with significant SNPs. Finally, based on a pathway that was associated with the four traits in common, a SEM was fit to model a causal relationship among the genetic factors and traits. We applied our SEM model to GWAS data with four central obesity related traits: suprailiac and subscapular measures for upper body fat, BMI, and hypertension. Study subjects were collected from two Korean cohort regions. After quality control, 327,872 SNPs for 8842 individuals were included in the analysis. After comparing two SEMs, we concluded that suprailiac and subscapular measures may indirectly affect hypertension susceptibility by influencing BMI. In conclusion, our analysis demonstrates that SEMs provide a better understanding of biological mechanisms by identifying greater numbers of genes and pathways.