• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권3D호
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• pp.491-497
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 주민기피시설인 하수처리장 주변에 거주하는 주민들을 대상으로 설문을 통해 하수처리장에 대한 일반인식과 설치 후 환경변화에 대해서 어떻게 생각하고 있는지를 알아보고 지역별로 어떤 차이가 있는지를 다루고자 하였다. 또한 하수처리시설 입지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 실증 분석하고자 했다. 이러한 실증분석을 위해 다변량 분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 이용했으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 전체적으로 하수처리시설은 사회적으로 필요한 시설이며 적절한 보상이 이루어진다면 긍정적으로 고려할 수 있는 시설이라는 의견이 높게 나타났다. 그러나 하수처리시설의 시행과정에 대한 평가는 전체적으로 만족스럽지 못하게 나타났다. 다음으로 하수처리장의 입지와 관련된 결과에서 하수처리장이 자신의 주거지 근처에 입지함에 따른 환경변화에 대한 인식은 지역별로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았지만, 그러한 인식에 영향을 끼치는 요인은 지역별로 다소 다르다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 사실은 앞으로 하수처리장뿐만 아니라 주민들이 기피하는 시설을 건설하고자 하는 경우에 어떤 절대적인 기준이 있는 것이 아니라 오히려 대상지역의 여건과 주민의 반향을 파악하여 그에 맞는 대책이 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 1999

In 1991, the ministry of Gov't. Administration and Home Affairs set up a minimum of one sewage disposal plant in each province. By 1995, 264 models of the capillary infiltration method were set up in 331(78%) villages and the contact oxidation method was set up in 52 places. Since the Gov't. sent a letter to each responsible officer across the country stating their disapproval of the capillary infiltration method, the environmentally friendly sewage disposal system has not been diffused. The current model(mechanical sewage disposal) being used, in agricultural and fishing villages, costs too much for maintenance and operation(\50,000 per capita per year). In particular, because of the difference in sewage characteristics of agricultural and fishing villages from urban sewage, the efficiency of the disposal system is very low. Also, because of the growing need for more disposal plants, the Gov't. is looking for cheaper alternatives. This study has analyzed 2 kinds of sewage disposal. The first is used widely in agricultural and fishing villages in Germany. The second is used widely in similar areas of Korea. It has intended to analyze the characteristics, merits and defects of the sewage disposal water plants and pebbles model which is used widely in Germany and developed compatibly for Korea.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.1405-1414
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• 1993

The purification of sewage deriving from agricultural and food industries is today a serious problem mainly in areas characterized by intensive production plants. The solution examined in this work, involves a system of natural evaporation which employs special panels with a large evaporating surface constituted by an internal cellular structure in polyethilene. Using renewable energy they allow to speed up the natural evaporating effect thus eliminating some drawbacks such as swamps and obtaining sewage concentration with relatively low costs. The institute of agricultural engineering has carried out tests on the disposal of sewage deriving from two very important production sectors; pig-breeding and olive oil production . at a were gathered in order to verify the operating capacity of plants and their variables . On the remaining concentrated part tests were also carried out in order to know its chemical and chemical-physical features and to study the possibility for its us .

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

This paper describes the effects of sewage amount, temperature, and years in operation on the infiltration rate of a sewage disposal system. The self-purifying sewage disposal system, which is typically used in rural areas, consists of reeds and fine gravel. Water plants are planted on the gravel bed which provides the habitat for microbes. The basic process is that the gravel bed filters incoming sewage. Thus this system requires the smooth flow of sewage through the gravel. However, the efficiency of the disposal system will be lowered if the gravel bed is clogged with sewage sludge. A three year study shows that infiltration rate slows down significantly until the 7th day, depending on the sewage amount and the temperature. After the 7th day, the infiltration rate remains almost constant. In addition, the infiltration rate decreases as the temperature falls. It also decreases as the number of years in operation increase. But there is no significant change in the infiltration rate after the 7th day, independent of the temperature, the sewage amount, and years in operation. In order to take advantage of high infiltration rate, which improves the efficiency of the disposal system in its early stages, having two gravel beds and using them alternatively will be efficient. This operation method is called intermittent load and makes the disposal system last longer. The water plant roots above the gravel bed make the effective filtration possible because they delay accumulation of the sewage sludge and stabilize the filtration ability.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.553-559
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• 2009

Currently, small scale sewage works are getting increase in Chung Nam Province and it is strongly required for those plants to get the information of optimized procedures and technologies. Most processes for sewage works in Korea were designed for large scale plants, so many difficulties are observed in small scale sewage works. This study was conducted to evaluate the propriety of O&M and construction cost for sewage treatment plants in Chung Nam Province. The treatment results and process stability of 32 public sewage treatment plants were also investigated. It is expected to provide optimum O&M and construction cost for future small scale sewage works and improving projects of existing plants by these results. Pollution problems caused by small scale plants are usually restricted to small areas; however, in view of the high cost per unit population, treatment requirements and alternatives have to be studied carefully. In comparison to larger plants, more pronounced and different boundary conditions such as unstable influent load, per capita costs and a large variety of feasible treatment and disposal systems were considered.

• 수도
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• 제24권5호통권86호
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• pp.29-44
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• 1997

Sewage sludge produced in Korea was 1,275,800 tons (dewatered sludge cake) per year in 1996, which is 3,495 tons per day, 0.303% of 11,526,100 tons per day of sewage treated in 79 sewage treatment plants. Sludge production has been and will be increasing in accordance with construction of new facilities for sewage treatment. Most of the sludge is currently disposed by landfill and ocean dumping, but it is becoming difficult to find suitable sites for landfill, particularly in big cities such as Seoul. In addition, rapid increase of landfill cost is anticipated in a near future. Current trend for sludge disposal in advanced countries is land application. Over the past 10 to 20 years in the United States, sludge management practices have changed significantly, moving from disposal to beneficial use. They use biosolid for utilization instead of sludge for disposal. Under the Clean Water Act of 1972, amended in 1987 by Congress, the U.S. EPA was required to develop regulations for the use and disposal of sewage sludge. The EPA assessed the potential for pollutants in sewage sludge to affect public health and the environment through a number of different routes of exposure. The Agency also assessed the potential risk to human health through contamination of drinking water sources or surface water when sludge is disposed on land. The Final Rules were signed by the EPA Administrator and were published (Federal Register, 1993). These rules state that sewage sludge shall not be applied to land if the concentration of any pollutant in the sludge exceeds the ceiling concentration. In addition, the cumulative loading rate for each pollutant shall not exceed the cumulative pollutant loading rate nor should the concentration of each pollutant in the sludge exceed the monthly average concentration for the pollutant. The annual pollutant loading rate generally applies to applications of sewage sludge on agricultural lands. The most popular beneficial use of sewage sludge is land application. The sludge has to be stabilized for appling to land. One of the stabilization process for sewage sludge is lime stabilization process. The stabilization process is consisted of the stabilizing process and the drying process. Stabilization reactor can be a drum type reactor in which a crossed mixer is equipped. The additive agents are a very reactive mixture of calcium oxide and others. The stabilized sludge is dried in sun drier or rotary kiln.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.725-734
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• 2012

The outbreak of foot and mouth disease in November 2010 raised many social, economic and environmental issues and water contaminations by leachate from carcass disposal sites particularly emerged as a serious concern. In oder to efficiently handle these problems, a critical method is required to transport leachate to livestock manure and sewage treatment plants and purify it. This study aims to present the best applicable method to transport leachate from carcass disposal sites into livestock manure and sewage treatment facilities. We investigated the biological and chemical characteristics such as BOD, COD, SS, TN, TP and Total coliforms. Current conjugated treatments in livestock manure and sewage treatment plants was studied by surveying the operations of those facilities. The NIER-MASS(National Institute of Environmental Research - Mass Balance Evaluation System of Sewage Treatment Facilities) program was applied to present the best conjugated treatment method through estimating the maximum daily load to meet the water quality standards in effluent.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2007

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2007

The objectives of this study have been carried out to investigate the solubilization of municipal sewage sludge by single and dual frequency ultrasonic pretreatment, and the methane production characteristics of pretreated sewage sludge by specific methanogenic activity test for sewage sludge reduction. The waste activated sludge was collected from thickened tank of Suyoung sewage treatment plant in Busan city, and its concentration was adjusted to 1.0% total solids. Ultrasonic frequency was varied 15, 20, 15+20 kHz, and acoustic density was used a maximum 176W/L. The dual frequency ultrasonic pretreatment was found to be more effective than single frequency ultrasonic in the solubilization rate and methane production. The $SCOD_{Cr}/TCOD_{Cr}$, rate were 15.2%, 13.9%, 17.0% with single frequency of 15 kH2, 20 kHz, dual frequency of 15+20 kHz, respectively. The application of dual frequency ultrasound for sewage sludge pretreatment can be interest for sewage treatment plants having problems in sludge treatment and disposal.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.287-290
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• 2007

We investigated the effect of ultrasound on the dewaterability of sewage sludge. Because, dewatering and disposal of waste sludge is a major economical factor in the operation of wastewater treatment plants. Capillary Suction Time(CST) and Specific Resistance to Filtration (SRF) were used to evaluate the sludge dewatering behaviors. From the results of the experiment, it was found that ultrasonic treatment can improve the dewaterability. We discovered that CST and SRF were highly related, according to the correlation coefficient($R^{2}$).