• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2016

국내의 자전거 이용 활성화 정책에 따라 자전거 노선 및 자전거 교통 인프라가 계속 확장되는 추세이다. 자전거 인구가 증가함에 따라 해마다 자전거 교통사고도 증가하고 있다. 본 논문은 도로교통공단의 2007년부터 2014년까지의 자전거 교통사고 데이터를 분석하여 교통사고 현황에 대한 통계량을 제시하였다. 또한 기상청의 종관기상관측소 서울지점의 기상 정보를 활용하여 서울지역의 일별 교통사고 발생 건수에 대한 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그리고 의사결정 트리 분석 방법을 적용하여 교통사고 정보의 교통사고 심각도를 분류 예측하였다. 이러한 기술 분석 및 예측 분석을 통해 향후 자전거 교통사고 예방을 위한 자전거 교통사고 데이터 수집 정책 및 사고 예방 대책 수립에 도움이 되고자 한다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.217-233
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• 2024

최근 배달문화의 확산으로 이륜차 수요가 증가하면서 이륜차 운행도 함께 증가하고 있다. 이륜차 운행은 혼잡한 교통상황이나 경제적으로 효율적이지만 이륜차 난폭 운전과 명확하게 정립되지 않은 이륜차에 대한 교통 법규로 이륜차 사고는 새로운 사회문제로 나타나고 있다. 이륜차는 차체 특성 상 치사율이 높기 때문에 이륜차 사고가 발생하면 그 심각성 및 위험이 크다. 그러므로, 이륜차 사고에 대한 특성을 분석함으로써 이륜차 사고의 특성을 제대로 파악하는 것이 필요하다. 그리하여, 본 연구에서는 이륜차 사고 데이터를 기반으로 K-prototypes 알고리즘을 이용하여 이륜차 사고의 특성을 분류하였다. 그 결과, 이륜차 사고 특성에 따라 4개의 군집으로 분류되었다. 각 군집마다 사고발생 도로, 주요 위반법규, 사고 유형, 사고 발생 시간 등에서 다른 특성을 나타내었다. 이를 기반으로 이륜차 사고 예방을 위한 구체적인 방안을 제안한다. 각 사고 특성에 따른 단속 방법 및 규율을 개정함으로써 수도권 지역의 이륜차 사고 발생을 최소화하고 궁극적으로는 도로 안전성 향상에 기여한다. 더불어, 머신러닝 기법을 도시교통 및 안전 분야에 적용함으로써 관련 문헌확장에도 기여한다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The bridge section of the expressway has a worse driving environment than the general section. However, traffic safety countermeasures are focused only on the bridge section. Traffic safety countermeasures on the section before entry to the bridge and the section after exit from the bridge are applied only when the bridge has a long-span section. Accordingly, this study will verify the necessity of extending the application of traffic safety countermeasures to areas that are affected by the bridge. METHODS : This study determines the areas that are affected by the bridge as well as the areas that are affected by locations with frequent traffic accidents and suggests the risk factors by affected areas through canonical discriminant analysis. For the analysis, traffic accident data for 3 years, which occurred on bridge sections in six major expressway lines, were used. RESULTS : The numbers of traffic accidents were 469 before the bridge, 281 on the bridge, and 468 after the bridge. The variables that have impact on the seriousness of accidents are as follows: speeding, excess manipulation of the steering wheel, and failure to secure safety distance for accidents that occurred before the bridge section; speeding, excess manipulation of the steering wheel, and dozing off for accidents that occurred on the bridge; and speeding and failure to secure safety distance for accidents that occurred after the bridge section. CONCLUSIONS : Areas affected by the bridge show higher accident rates than the bridge section; therefore, imposing traffic safety countermeasures on the integrated section of the bridge and the affected areas is required. It is believed that the results suggested in this study could be effectively used in the prevention of traffic accidents by imposing custom-made safety countermeasures for each section.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2010

기상상태에 따른 교통사고발생 및 사고심각도는 밀접한 관계가 있음이 잘 알려져있다. 최근고속도로에서 교통 안전성 평가지표 및 시스템의 개발은 사고 치명도를 줄이고자 접근하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 도로선형 요소와 기상 상태를 고려한 교통사고 영향 요인을 분석하여 규명하고자 한다. 기상상태요인과 도로요인과의 교통사고 발생 관계를 규명하기 위하여 과거사고이력자료를 이용하여 판별분석을 수행하였으며 눈, 맑음, 비, 안개, 흐림의 5가지 유형에 대해 도로 구성요소인 노면과 경사도를 통해 구분하였다. 그 결과 콘크리트 노면과 하향경사 3%이상인 구간에서 각 기상상태 별 사고영향이 다르며 이러한 주행환경에서는 시정거리의 감소와 정지거리의 증가가 주행 위험요인으로 발생할 수 있는 구간이다. 본 연구에서는 기상악화시 콘크리트 노면과 하향경사가 형성된 구간이 평상시 보다 주행시 주의를 필요로 하는 구간임을 분석하였으며 분류함수의 계수 비교를 통해 영향지표를 개발하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.2053-2068
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• 2023

Following a loss of coolant accident (LOCA), prestressing concrete containment vessels (PCCVs) may experience high thermal load as well as internal pressure. The high temperature stress would increase the risk of premature damage to the containment, which reduces the safety margin during the increasing internal pressure. However, current investigations cannot clearly address the issues of thermal-pressure coupling effect on damage propagation and thus safety of the containment. Thus, this paper offers three simple and powerful damage parameters to differentiate the severity of damage of the containment. Moreover, despite of the temperature action severely threatening the pressure performance of the containment, the research regarding the improvement of the resistant performance of the containment is quite scarce. Therefore, in this paper, a comprehensive comparison of damage propagation and mechanism between conventional and fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) containments is performed. The effects of fiber characteristics parameters on damage propagation of structures following the LOCA are also specifically revealed. It is found that the proposed damage indices can properly indicate state of damage in the containment body and the addition of fiber can be used to obviously mitigate the damage propagation in PCCV considering the thermal-pressure coupling.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2011

In mass casualty situation due to radiological accidents, it is important to start aggressive management with rapid triage decisions. External contamination needs immediate decontamination and internal contamination should be treated with special expertise and equipment to prevent the rapid uptake of radionuclides by target organs. Acute radiation syndrome shows a sequence of events that varies with the severity of the exposure. More severe exposures generally lead to more rapid onset of symptoms and severe clinical findings. After the massive exposure, various systems of the body reflect their severe damages that can lead to death within hours or up to several months. The disease progression has classically been divided into four stages: prodromal, latent, manifest illness, and recovery or death. Three characteristic clusters of symptoms including the hematopoietic syndrome, the gastrointestinal syndrome and the cerebrovascular syndrome are all associated with the acute radiation syndrome. The standard medical management of the patients with a potentially survivable radiation exposure includes good medical, surgical and supportive measures. Specific treatment with cytokines and bone marrow transplantation should be considered. The management of internal contamination is much the same as the treatment of poisoning. The standard decontamination should be applied to reduce uptake, and the chelating agents can be administered to enhance the clearance of radioisotopes. Radioactive iodine ($^{131}I$) as one of the nuclear fission products can increase the incidence of thyroid cancer in children. Potential benefit of potassium iodide prophylaxis is greater especially in neonates, infants and small children.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2022

In the risk assessment of urban railway systems, a hazard log is created by identifying hazards from accident and failure data. Then, based on a risk matrix, evaluators analyze the frequency and severity of the occurrence of the hazards, conduct the risk assessment, and then establish safety measures for the risk factors prior to risk control. However, because subjective judgments based on the evaluators' experiences affect the risk assessment results, a more objective and automated risk assessment system must be established. In this study, we propose a risk assessment model in which an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), which is combined in artificial neural networks (ANN) and fuzzy inference system (FIS), is applied to the risk assessment of urban railway systems. The newly proposed model is more objective and automated, alleviating the limitations of risk assessments that use a risk matrix. In addition, the reliability of the model was verified by comparing the risk assessment results and risk control priorities between the newly proposed ANFIS-based risk assessment model and the risk assessment using a risk matrix. Results of the comparison indicate that a high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the risk assessment results of the proposed model, and uncertainty and subjectivity were mitigated in the risk control priority.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제82권2호
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• pp.233-244
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• 2022

Following a loss of control, the impact against a road barrier in a turn predominates among the most severe motorcyclist accidents. These road restraint devices can be equipped with a motorcycle screen, the function of which is to restrain the rider and minimize the consequences of the impact in terms of the severity of injuries. The performance of these screens is evaluated by the European normative procedure EN1317-8, which specifies the test conditions, based on one or two configurations. In practice, however, these impact conditions are very diverse, difficult to extrapolate from accident analysis and therefore poorly investigated. This study is interested in improving knowledge of these impact conditions in terms of impact speed, impact angle and particularly position of the rider. A finite element model has been developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of the rider from loss of control to impact on the screen. Statistical analysis of the results shows a high variability of the impact conditions, in particular with regard to the direction of turn (to the right or to the left). Some improvements are suggested in order to overcome the limitations inherent in standard procedures.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2014

A subsea oil production system must be safely operated for 20-30 years after being installed. Because of the severe conditions of the subsea environment, such as extreme high pressure, low visibility, the possibility of unexpected impact by any object, and corrosion by seawater, subsea oil production systems should be monitored by subsea data logger systems and remotely operated vehicles to check for abnormal vibration and leakage to prevent a catastrophic accident. Because of the severity of subsea environmental conditions and the dominance of a few companies in the market, many people have thought that it would be difficult to develop a subsea data logger system. The primary objectives of the study described in this paper were to analyze existing subsea data logger systems to establish the requirements for a subsea data logger system, implement a prototype subsea data logger system, and conduct a test of the prototype subsea data logger system.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.146-150
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• 2016

Purpose: Traumatic aortic injuries are rare, but life threatening condition. They usually occur after high velocity impact on the chest or abdomen such as traffic accident or fall. We report the experiences of the traumatic aortic injuries at a single center. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of nine patients with aortic injury resulting from the blunt trauma from Jan. 2010 to May. 2016. Results: The mean age was $51.1{\pm}20.8$ years old, and ten (90.9%) were men. The mechanisms of injury were traffic accidents in seven patients (motorcycle accidents; 3, car accidents; 4), and four in fall injury. Most common injured sites were thoracic aorta (9, 81.8%). Aortic injuries were repaired by endovascular approach in four patients, and by open graft surgery in four. Two patients were managed conservatively. Nine patients survived without any complications. Conclusion: We had experienced different approaches for management of aortic injuries after blunt trauma according to locations and severity of lesions.