• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2014

Reproductive losses in a herd can be huge. Fetal reabsorption or undefined infertility often remain undetected. Routine herds monitoring for exposure, controlling the introduction of potential agent carriers, appropriate biosafety procedures, and vaccination where possible are together the best security against abortion and stillbirth inducing disease. For biosecurity of local farms, we performed antibody titers of abortion and stillbirth related diseases such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis. The blood samples were collected from 500 female Hanwoo over 1 year old of 100 farms in Jeonbuk eastern area. Champhylobater serological test was evaluated by the standard tube agglutination test (STAT) and other pathogen's antibodies were detected by indirect-enzyme linked immunoassay (I-ELISA). The seroprevalence of abortion and stillbirth inducing disease were BVDV 72.4%, IBRV 13.0%, N. caninum 1.2%, T. gondii 10.4% and C. venerealis 0.6%, irrespectively.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2014

This study was performed in Korea to get serological information for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), most commonly found in cattle. Antibodies against BoHV-1 were examined by targeting infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle, using viral neutralization (VN) test. In 2013, among 261 sera collected from IBR-unvaccinated herds, 7 sera (2.7%) were found seropositive and their VN titers were ranging from 1:4 to 1:32. Among 315 sera collected from IBR-vaccinated herds in large capacity farms, 303 sera (96.2%) were found to be seropositive for BoHV-1 and their VN titers were in the range of 1:4 to 1:2048. It was found that the IBR-vaccinated herds had higher levels of VN titer than IBR-unvaccinated herds. The results indicated that it may be due to heavy vaccination in vaccinated herds and no or a little infection in unvaccinated herds. At the end of the study it was concluded that although the seropositivity in IBR-unvaccinated herds was low, the monitoring of IBR should be continuously practiced to control and prevent the disease because of exportation of living cattle causing its nationwide outbreaks.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.303-307
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• 1991

B.thuringiensis subsp. darmstadiensis 73E10-2의 내독소에 존재하는 hemolysin이 Sephadex G-100 gel filtration과 DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography에 의해 정제되었으며, 그 순도는 SDS-PAGE와 Ouchterlony test로 확인하였다. 그 결과 정제된 hemolysin의 분자량은 64KDa 의 단백질 이었으며, in vivo 상태에서는 전혀 모기유충에 독작용을 나타내지 않았다는 점이 28KDa 단백질의 차이가 있었다. 또한 정제된 hemolysin과 B.thuringiensis subsp. israelensis의 내독소를 효소항체법으로 검토해 본 결과 양단백질 사이에는 면역학적으로 전혀 상관이 없었다.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.215-230
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items and methods should be carefully selected. This study was to get hold of the test items of major health screening programs in Korea. Most of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life-style related diseases(diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis) ,cancers(stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus), infectious diseases (hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites),chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases(bacteriuria, hematuria, proteinuria), anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress, early Psychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests(CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbAlc, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests(HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray(chest PA, CT), endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) , sonography(abdormen, thyroid, pelvis, breast) , cytology(cervix) ,bone density, tumor markers(NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA12S, PSA) and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MIRI, MIRI/Angio, molecular testings) were widely usedin hospital health screening programmes. In summary, a variety of were utilized by stages or programmes, however a few subjects. tests were utilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests according to sex and age in most of health screening program used tests to excess disregarding health screening subject.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 1993

The present study was conducted to investigate the isolation frequency, biochemical prop erties and antimicrobial susceptibility of B. bronchiseptica isolated from slaughtered pigs during the period from March to December, 1992. In Kyeonggi province. A serological survey for antibody of B. bronchiseptica in 200 slaughtered pigs was carried out by agglutination and tetrazolium reduction methods. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. From 80 slaughtered pigs, 27(33.8%) case were isolated and all isolate strains were resistant to Penicillin, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline and Ampicllin, while the majority of them were susceptible to Gentamicin, Cloxacin, Colistin, Neomycin, and Kanamycin. 2. Incidence of B. bronchiseptica antibody in 200 slaughtered pigs were measured by agglutination and tetrazolium reduction methods. Agglutination method was shown 38 (19%) of 200 with a titer of below 1：20 and 20(10%) of 200 with a titer of above 1：640. Tetrazolium reduction method was observed 33(16.5%) of 200 with a titer of below 1 : 20 and 32(15%) of 200 with a titer of above 1：640. 3. LSD analysis indicated that the difference of the responses between agglutination test and tetrazolium reduction test was not significant.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2002

목 적 : 상기도 감염의 원인균 중 하나인 A군 연쇄구균에 대한 EM 내성율이 1998년 41.3%였고 이들의 T-혈청형은 T12, T4, T28로 구분된 균주가 EM에 내성을 보이는 경우가 많았다. 매우 높은 비율의 EM 내성 A군 연쇄구균의 비율이 2년 후 어떤 변화를 보이는가를 역학적 동태를 감시할 수 있는 T-단백질 혈청형과 항균제 감수성 검사를 시행하여 상기도 감염의 치료실패율을 감소시키고, 선별적 항균제 사용을 권유하고자 한다. 방 법 : 2000년 1월부터 2000년 12월까지 서울 및 경남지역에서 급성 인두편도염 및 성홍열 증상을 주소로 외래를 방문한 환자들로부터 경부배양검사를 시행하여 얻어진 162례의 A군 연쇄구균 균주를 대상으로 T단백 혈청학 검사와 항균제 감수성 검사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 전체 162균주 중 가장 흔하게 분리된 균주는 T12(27.15%)였으며, 그 다음으로는 T1(25.16%), T4(12.58%) 순서로 분리되었다. 전체 162균주 중 성홍열로 진단된 환아에게서 배양된 균주는 25례로, 이번 조사에서는 경남지역에 국한된 결과이지만 T형 분류는 T12, T1, T4의 순서로 분리되었다. 항생제 감수성 검사에서는 Tetracyclin에 내성을 보이는 균주는 25주로(15.4%) 이중 T12균주가 14주로(56%) 내성균주 중 가장 많은 분포를 보였으며, EM에 내성을 보이는 균주는 23주로(14.2%) 이중 T12균주가 11균주로 가장 높은 내성율을 보이는 균주로 조사되었다. Penicillin, Cefprozil, Vancomycin, Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol의 항생제에는 내성을 보이는 균주가 동정되지 않았다. 결 론 : 균이 배양된 지역적 장소가 동일하지는 않지만, 90년대 비교적 낮은 분포를 보였던 T12균주가 98년경부터 증가하는 양상을 보이더니 금번 조사에서도 가장 많이 분리되는 균주로 보고되었고, 또한 T12, T4균주는 항생제에 내성을 보이는 균주로 향후 분자 역학적인 검사로 이 세균의 역학적 토대 및 질병 발생과의 관계를 확인할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료되며, 항생제 선택에 있어서도 상기 내성균주에 대한 고려가 있어야 하겠다. 서울 전체지역과 경남지역의 혈청학 분포가 동일하므로 아마도 우리나라 전지역에서 배양되는 균주도 동일할 것으로 추측할 수도 있을 것이다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.349-360
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• 2000

An epidemiological survey was conducted to investigate fowl typhoid outbreaks in Kyungnam province of Korea. The causative agent, salmonella gallinarum was isolated from 68 chicken samples of tentatively diagnosed fowl typhoid cases occurred during the period from January 1996 to September 1999. Comparative studies were also carried out to evaluate the diagnostic methods for detection of S gallinam The results obtained were as follows; 1. Of the 68 cases of tentatively diagnosed fowl typhoid, 56 (82%) cases were determined as fowl typhoid by biochemical test and pathological findings. The other 12 (18%) cases were determined as paratyphoid. 2. Fowl typhoid outbreaks occur continuously all seasons in the year, however the incidence was remarkably increased from May to September. 3. The frequency of incidence of fowl typhoid in terms of regional distribution was relatively high in egg-laying hens facilities, and the mode of transmission is likely to be either egg-to-egg or lateral transfer by wild birds or rats. 4. All of 18 isolates from 56 cases were identified as S gallinarum by biochemical and serological test. 5. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility test against 18 isolates showed that the isolates were highly susceptible to ASH, CZ, CF and GM (above 90%), whereas those strains were 100% resistant to EM, NA and PC. 6. S gallinarum rfbS gene was targeted to be amplified by PCR for comparative detection of S gallinarum in the experimentally infected chickens. The amplified 720bp DNA fragment, which is specific in D serogroup strains of S enterica subspecies was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. 7. A comparison made between fecal culture and PCR-method revealed that later-method was relatively higher in detection rate than that of former method for S gallinarum. 8. Comparison of currently applied methods, rapid serum agglutination test (RST) and microplate agglutination test (MAT), with experimentally infected chickens were made to evaluate sensitivity of detection by neutralizing antibody titration. Both methods detected neutralizing antibodies from the challenged chickens of 5 day post infection. However, positive reactions were determined after 7 and 9 days post infection by MAT and RST, respectively.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.402-406
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• 2010

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a delta-retrovirus which causes chronic lymphocytosis in cattle. BLV infections have been divided into two groups such as enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) and sporadic bovine leukosis (SBL) according to the clinical symptoms in infected cattle. The conventional detection method of BLV was hematological procedure which is determining lymphocytosis in the suspected animals. Recently several sensitive methods were developed to detect antibody to BLV and nucleic acid of the BLV from infected cattle. In this study we have compared the difference of positive rates between agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which are using for BLV antibody detection methods. The positive detection rate of ELISA test was 7.4% greater than the positive rate of AGID. The discrepancy of the positive rate between ELISA and AGID were showed in the group of age over one year old to under three year old group. The result from each test agreed very well in the group of over 5 year old cattles. The serological test is very useful method to select the infected cattle for the eradication or control of the disease in the infected herd. But it has a limit by interference of the maternal antibody from the cow of under 6 month old. This study shows that 16.2% of these ages group showed BLV gene positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The result suggests that ELISA test need to be used with PCR to clarify misinterpretation of positive animals by antibody response due to the natural infection from maternally derived antibody in calves of under 6 months old.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5265-5272
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• 2016

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate invasive and noninvasive diagnostic methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in patients admitted with dyspeptic complaints and to compare sensitivities and specificities. Method: Sets of four gastric biopsy specimens were obtained from a total of 126 patients included in the study. The presence of H. pylori was determined by invasive tests including culture, rapid urease test, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and histopathology. Among noninvasive tests, urea breath test, serological tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed. Results: H. pylori was isolated in 79 (62.7%) gastric biopsy cultures, whereas positivity was concluded for 105 (83.3%) patients by rapid urease test, for 106 (84.1%) by PCR, for 110 (87.3%) by histopathology, for 119 (94.4%) by urea breath test, and for 107 (84.9%) by ELISA. In the present study, the culture findings and histopathological examination findings were accepted as gold standard. According to the gold standard, urea breath test had the highest sensitivity (96.5%) and the lowest specificity (30%), whereas culture and histopathology had the highest specificities (100%). Conclusion: The use of PCR invasively with gastric biopsy samples yielded parallel results with the gold standard. PCR can be recommended for routine use in the diagnosis of H. pylori.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.307-318
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• 1989

In recent years much attention has been paid to swine respiratory infection caused by Pasteurella(P) multocida with rapid expansion of pork Industry in Korea. The present study was performed to observe the etiologic situation of P. multocida infection by bacteriological, serological(serotyping) and pathological examinations with the lungs respectively. In addition antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out against the isolated strains of P. multocida. The results obtained are as follows : 1. Eighteen strains(12.8％) wert isolated from the 140 cases of swine lungs examined, and biological and biochemical characteristics of the isolates were the sam as those in the references of other workers, whereas some differences were observed in sugar fermentation and enzyme activity according to the strain of isolates. 2. Capsular serotyping performed on 18 P. multocida revealed that 13 strains(72.2％) were A type and 5 strains(27.8％) were D type, respectively. 3. When serotyping was performed against somatic antigen on 18 strains capsular types of which were identified as described above 9(50％), 3(16.7％) and 4(22.2％) strains belong to 1:A, 3:A and 2:D, respectively, but untypable 2 strains(11.1％) were observed. 4. Antibiotic susceptibility test by employing disc method for 24 kinds of drugs revealed that 15 kinds of antibiotics were sensitive to 18 strains of P. multocida isolated such as ampicillin(l00％), penicillin(100％), cloxacillin(56％), piperacillin(70％), cefotaxime(30%), minocycline(60％), chloramphenicol(95％), erythromycin(39％), kanamycin(17％), gentamicin(70%), amikasin(30%), colistin(78％) and nalidixic acid(5％), respectively, but resistant to 9 kinds of antibiotics such as sulpenicillin, cefazolin, cephalothin, cefametazol, cefoperazone, kitasamycin, oleandomycin. lincomycin and bacitracin. 5. Pathological features of 60 cases of swine lungs indicated that pneumonic .lesions were observed in 38 cases(63.3％) examined by macroscopic finding, in which lesions of 8 cases(13.4％) would correspond to those of mycoplasmal infection, and 30 cases(50％) were similar to viral infection by histopathological finding, whereas 22 cases(36.7％) were considered to be normal by ecropsy or histopathological finding.