• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.25-43
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• 2017

This paper addresses the central issue of whether it is effective for a firm to discourage the purchase of its own product in order to support a social cause. The objectives of this study were: a) to examine whether a cause-related self-prevention ad would stimulate more positive evaluations compared to promotional ad, particularly when the product category is more negatively socially accepted; and 2) to determine if a negative attitude toward the product could induce a boomerang effect of a selfprevention ad. Results from three experiments revealed that socially responsible prevention campaigns against firm's own product may be more effective for the product category negatively associated with social concerns or welfare. If products are more limited in the social context, communications of product prevention are beneficial to improve the public image of the brand. However, the self-hurting approach may be inappropriate for potential customers who currently possess a strong negative attitude toward the product.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.1235-1242
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• 2008

In this paper, x-ray image sensor of photon counting type having a $32{\times}32$ pixel array is designed with $0.18{\mu}m$ triple-well CMOS process. Each pixel of the designed image sensor has an area of loot $100{\times}100\;{\mu}m2$ and is composed of about 400 transistors. It has an open pad of an area of $50{\times}50{\mu}m2$ of CSA(charge Sensitive Amplifier) with x-ray detector through a bump bonding. To reduce layout size, self-biased folded cascode CMOS OP amp is used instead of folded cascode OP amp with voltage bias circuit at each single-pixel CSA, and 15-bit LFSR(Linear Feedback Shift Register) counter clock generator is proposed to remove short pulse which occurs from the clock before and after it enters the counting mode. And it is designed that sensor data can be read out of the sensor column by column using a column address decoder to reduce the maximum current of the CMOS x-ray image sensor in the readout mode.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.399-403
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• 2014

We designed an ultra-high frequency (UHF: 300MHz to 3 GHz) ferrite circulator to investigate magnetic parameters, which are suitable for a self-biased GHz circulator design. The size of the ferrite disk was 1.58 mm in thickness and 13.5 mm in diameter. The saturation magnetization ($4{\pi}M_s$) of 3900 Gauss, internal magnetic field ($H_{in}$) of 1 kOe, and ferromagnetic linewidth (${\Delta}H$) of 354 Oe were used in circulator performance simulation. The simulation results show the isolation of 36.4 dB and insertion loss of 2.76 dB at 2.6 GHz and were compared to measured results. A Ni-Zn ferrite circulator was fabricated based on the above design parameters. An out-of-plane DC magnetic field ($H_0$) of 4.8 kOe was applied to the fabricated circulator to measure isolation, insertion loss, and bandwidth. Experimental magnetic parameters for the ferrite were $H_{in}$ of about 1.33 kOe and $4{\pi}M_s$ of 3935 Gauss. The isolation 43.9 dB and insertion loss of 5.6 dB measured at 2.5 GHz are in close agreement with the simulated results of the designed ferrite circulator. Based on the simulated and experimental results, we demonstrate that the following magnetic parameters are suitable for 2 GHz self-biased circulator design: $4{\pi}M_r$ of 3900 Gauss, $H_a$ of 4.5 kOe, $H_c$ greater than 3.4 kOe, and ${\Delta}H$ of 50 Oe.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.144-151
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• 1994

We designed and fabricated a $2{\times}4$ symmetric self electro-optic effect device array using GaAs/ AIo.04 G$\DeltaR$), and optical bistability loop width ($\Delta$). The average values of the elements of the $2{\times}4$ S-SEED array were CR~13.1, R~24%, and $\Delta$~91%. It was found that the AFP cavity structure enhances the self-biased optical bistability in ESQW-SEED under no external bias. That is due to the decreased intrisic region thickness in AFP-SEED structures, and which increases the built-in electric fields. The zero-biased S-SEED showed CR of ~4.7, R~9%, and $\Delta$~22%.X>~22%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.303-307
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• 2022

Magnetoelectric (ME) properties of 3-0 type particulate composites have been investigated with respect to application features for reliable magnetic sensitivity and magnetically-induced output voltage. In order to figure out the magnetoelectric characteristics in the ME composites, frequency dependent ME responses were studied from [0.948 Na_0.5K_0.5NbO₃-0.052 LiSbO₃]-[Co_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄] (NKNLS)/Co_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄ (CZFO, x=0, 0.1, and 0.2). As a result, the maximal α_ME of 23.15 mV/cm·Oe was achieved from the NKNLS-CZFO (x_Zn = 0.1) composites at resonance frequency of 315 kHz and H_dc = 0 Oe. From the frequency dependent ME responses, it is clearly described that the self-biased ME composites can be used for applications as both magnetic sensors and energy harvesters, respectively.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.364-370
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• 1990

In this paper, we propose a self-tuning PID controller for unknown systems with time-varying delay. Using pole placement equations, we derive the controller that can be extended to the multi-step time delay case. The time-varying delays are estimated by a prediction error delay method using multiple predictors. Since the order of the estimation vector is not increased, the persistant exciting condition of control input is alleviated. Since the least square method gives biased parameter estimates for colored noise cases, the recursive instrumental variable method is used to estimate system parameters. The computational burden of the proposed method is less than the conventional adaptive methods. Computer simulations are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.431-439
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• 2016

This paper reports a numerical method for determining the resistance and self-propulsion performance of an asymmetric pre-swirl stator used as an energy saving device by cancelling a propeller's rotational energy. The present asymmetric pre-swirl stator propulsion system consists of three blades at the port and one blade at the starboard, which can effectively recover the biased rotating flow. This paper provides the design concept for the present asymmetric stator, which produces more efficient results than a conventional propeller.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2006

As the size scale of features continue to shrink in devices, the use of self-assembly, i.e. a "bottom up" approach, for device fabrication becomes increasingly important. Yet, simple self-assembly alone will not be sufficient to meet the increasing demands place on the registry of structures, particularly nanostructured materials. Several criteria are key in the rapid advancement and technology transfer for self-assembling systems. Specifically, the assembly processes must be compatible with current $^{\circ}{\infty}top\;down^{\circ}{\pm}$ approaches, where standard photolithographic processes are used for device fabrication. Secondly, simple routes must be available to induce long-range order, in either two or three dimensions, in a rapid, robust and reliable manner. Thirdly, the in-plane orientation and, therefore, ordering of the structures, must be susceptible to a biasing by an external, macroscopic means in at least one, if not two directions, so that individual elements can be accessed in a reliable manner. Block copolymers, specifically block copolymers having a cylindrical microdomain morphology, are one such material that satisfy many, if not all, of the criteria that will be necessary for device fabrication. Here, we discuss several routes by which these versatile materials can be used to produce arrays of nanoscopic elements that have high aspect ratios (ideal for templating and scaffolding), that exhibit long-range order, that give access to multiple length scale structuring, and that are amenable to being biased by macroscopic features placed on a surface.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.10
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• pp.1-31
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• 2002

As the modern society is called the narcissistic society, the narcissism is widespread in the personality of individuals and the society at large. In consideration of this side, this study explored for several characteristics of the narcissistic personality and the job stress, and explored for the relationships between the two things theoretically. The narcissism is an attempt to repair self-esteem weakened by the splitting anxiety, the lack and the pathological fusion of self-structure. The job stress is a factor that a characteristic of the job influenced on the behavioral and affective response of the person on the job directly or indirectly. This study selected organizational justices, organizational constraints, role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, organizational climate, interpersonal relations and career development as factors of the job stress. This study viewed that the stress is made from an interaction between environmental stimulus and personal particular reaction by defining the stress as an interaction model of stimulus-response and personal reaction is caused by psychological adjustment process, personal differences. On this occasion, this study discussed that the narcissistic personality is easy to get stress and weak in the job stress with regarding the personality as a mediation variation of psychological process. As a result, the narcissists estimated themselves positively and their self-esteem is high, but they excessively showed a self biased cognitive and affective response about the negative feedback to protect themselves. Moreover, this positive estimate on themselves and high self-esteem was vulnerable and weak in the self threat. In this view, the narcissistic personality is easy to get more job stress such as organizational justices, organizational constraints, role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, organizational climate, interpersonal relations and career development.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.171-197
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine empirically how the lay people judge self-defense and what factors could affect it. A total of 651 participants aged 20 years and over were asked to answer, attitude toward interpersonal violence, and legal attitude questionnaire, all divided by the type of self-defense. Participants were assigned one of the three types of situations that were claimed to be self-defense, and were given articles and scenarios related to each type of self-defense before making self-defense judgments. In addition, the impact of personal factors on self-defense judgment was analyzed after the legal attitude, and the attitude toward interpersonal violence, which are personal factors, was also measured. The results showed that the rate of recognition of self-defense was the highest in the type of self-defense for oneself, but the rate of denial of self-defense against state agencies was much higher, indicating the opposite. Furthemore, negative articles on self-defense were found to affect the judgment of self-defense. In addition, it was found that the level of the attitude toward interpersonal violence and legal attitude of individual participants could affect the judgment of self-defense. The general public's judgment process and the factors that affect self-defense judgment may be considered to prevent biased judgment in actual jury trials. Finally, influence, and limitations of this study and suggestions of subsequent study were also discussed.