• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.11
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• pp.143-173
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• 1984

This study has been done to review the historical development of the cataloging system of books with emphasis on those in England and the U. S. The findings can be summarized as follows: (1) In 1844, Sir Panizzi invented what seems to be the first of its kind in history to list the inventory systematically at the British Museum. It is believed to be a complete system consisting of 91 articles. (2) A comparatively systematic system was developed in America by Jewett. in 1852. Composed of only 39 articles, the system is considered a renovative one worked out with due regard to the infrastructure of a library. (3) In 1876, a classic system based on a lexicographical order was set up by Cutter. Rated as the best one that was designed by an individual, the theory has since exercised widespreading effects on cataloging. (4) American and British library scientists collaborated in printing several editions of numerous volumes on the principles of classification, but they are not believed fully successful in establishing a consistent and compressive system. Their efforts found significance rather in their being the first international collaboration and setting a foundation upon which the international system of today has been developed. (5) The ALA Rule, published concurrently in ALA and LC in 1949, had two parts in its classification, the list of authors and that of titles. Its scientific classification has completed the cataloging of books in its developmental stage. (6) The 1967 American-British Rules integrated the cataloging systems published under separate covers by authors and titles. The system as well as the 1961 Paris System has greatly contributed to the standardization of bibliographical description throughout the English-speaking countries. The International Standard Book Description standardized Bibliographic system has enabled the librarians in different countries to exchange their bibliographical sources easily, helped to overcome the language barrier in listing and contributed to the efficient reading of bibliographical records through machines. (7) The second edition of the Angelo-American cataloging Rules, promulgated in 1978 under the influence of the international standard bibliographical description, was the one in which all the previous Rules were revised to have their strong points. The adoption of punctuation system to employ the computerized data processing and the standardization of description are expected to improve the cataloging system not only in the English speaking countries but in the Universal Bibliographic Control as well.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.7157-7165
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• 2015

This research conducted a survey of the workers in medical institutions and carried out empirical analysis through covariance structure equation modelling in order to examine the relationship among emotional labor, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and counterproductive work behaviors of medical institution workers. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows; First, the frequency of emotional expression, one of the dimensions of emotional labor, did not have a positive influence on job satisfaction, but both the degree of emotional expression attentiveness and emotional dissonance had a negatively significant effect on job satisfaction. Second, job satisfaction had a positively significant effect on organizational commitment. Third, organizational commitment had a negatively significant effect on counterproductive work behaviors toward both individuals and organizations. This research result shows that it is necessary to pay attention to drawing a plan to reduce emotional labor that workers in medical institutions experience since emotional labor causes them to get negative results while they are performing their duties.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1999

Soil moisture condition is an important limiting factor in growth and yield in rice culture. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence on the growth, yield and Quality of rice subjected to soil moisture stress (SMS) at different growth stages. Ajaponica rice cultivar, Dongjinbyeo, was cultured under flooded conditions in a plastic container filled with silty loam soil. The container was subjected to SMS until the initial wilting point (IWP) coincided with about 10% in soil moisture content and about-200 kPa in soil matric potential, and was then irrigated again, at 6 and 5 of main growth stage in 1996 and 1997, respectively. At maturity, the plant height, tiller number, leaf area and top dry weight were decreased more in SMS treatments at the early stage than the late stage. The averaged yield index of SMS to control in both years was lowest at meiosis (62.5%), which primarily resulted from lower percent ripened grain and 1,000 grain weight, and second＇ reduced the spikelet number per panicle and panicle number per hill, and followed at tillering stage (68.5%) which resulted from the lower production in tiller number and top dry matter during and after SMS treatment. The percent-age of read rice in SMS plants varied with the treatment stage as order of lower at meiosis (44.0%), heading (53.9%), panicle initiation (70.1%), tillering (72.1%), ripening (75.8%) and 5 days after transplanting (DAT) (79.0%). Protein content in brown rice was slightly larger in SMS at late growth stage than the control, while the contents of fat and ash differed very little between SMS and control. Contents of Mg and K and Mg/K in brown rice with SMS were lower at some treatment stages such as at ripening or panicle initiation.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.77-85
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the variables that lead consumers to visit traditional markets and buy market goods. Thus, the current research examined the relationship between satisfaction and return intention as among the factors influencing loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was conducted to examine the effects of the perceived level of factors on loyalty and how it influenced consumers' visits to traditional markets in 125 adult adolescents and women living in Mok-po area. The results of the questionnaire were obtained. The statistical data of the questionnaire were verified by SPSS. Results - In this study, consumers' perception level of eight loyalty factors can be perceived by the traditional Korean market. The empirical analysis is summarized as follows. First, by selecting five representative variables influencing intention to return to traditional markets, Mok-po area consumers were affected by the intention to revisit according to the intensity of recognition level among these variables. Second, the higher the perceived level of product price, quality of access (accessibility) among the factors that consumers perceive as important factors in visiting traditional markets were heightened. Third, Mokpo residents are aware of the main important factors of visiting the market such as receiving a friendly atmosphere (image) about traditional market, market environment (hygiene and cleanliness), connection with the local economy, and customer service such as kindness, refund and return. These loyalty factors did not affect consumers' intention to revisit. In other words, image, environment, regional economic linkage, and these factors did not have a positive effect on revisit intention. Conclusions - The empirical analysis of this study suggests that factors that directly affect loyalty among the key factors that play a major role in visiting traditional markets should be identified and developed as loyalty factors. It is necessary to identify the key factors influencing the satisfaction and loyalty of traditional market users, and operate a system that systematically and comprehensively manages and evaluates them. In order to do this, the government, the local governments, and related organizations should regularly conduct loyalty and satisfaction surveys on visa recognition levels and establish strategies for dramatic improvement measures.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.729-745
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the external diseconomies of an unwelcomed facility on the nearby houses. The facility and the area studied are Dangin-Ri power plant in Mapo-Gu, Seoul and the residential district surrounding it respectively. The nearby housing prices have been changed according to the time and circumstances of the public announcements about the reconstruction or removal plans of the plant. These price changes are regarded as the capitalized values of the external diseconomies due to the plant. This study is based on the hedonic price theory in order to estimate the diseconomies in monetary value. The tools for the estimation are four models of multiple regression with the transaction price as the dependant variable and various housing characteristics including the external effects of the plant as the independent variables. The sample analyzed is 833 house transactions for the past 5 years in the research area. The facts found are as follows; First, the most suitable functional form for the estimation is confirmed to be the linear model. Second, there are significant differences in influence on the housing values among the independent variables, that is, locational characteristics, physical features, and environmental changes with time. Third, the external diseconomy is estimated as \80,137,807 in case that the plant would be reconstructed in the underground of the present site, whereon a substitutional public park would be constructed and as \59,142,248 in case that the plant would move away.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-74
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to search for various strategies that could self-regulated learning within cyber home study efficiently, to operate the cyber home study based on such strategies, to manage and support students' learning and to investigate what effects it would have on the ability of self-regulated learning and attitude. In this study, an operational strategy for cyber home study according to the compositional elements of self-regulated learning based on prior studies. Then, the study developed the learning contents of cyber home study and operated cyber home study according to the operational strategy. From the results of the analysis obtained in this study, the following conclusions can be drawn as follows. First, A learner's self-regulated learning capability is able to be improved by self-regulated leaning strategies. Cyber home study that would enable students to implement the leaning on their own through learning contents and operating strategies corresponding to them was the environment that could help their self-regulated learning. Second, in order to find out students' satisfaction for the application of cyber home study, the study compared the survey of cyber home study with the frequency and percentage by each question and the mean value of technical statistics. Cyber home study let students have positive recognition on mathematical learning, and especially as shown in the results of the interview, it was helpful to improve students' interest and confidence as well as their mathematical learning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.197-203
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• 2012

The main purpose of this research is to search the effect of different types of advance organizers in elementary science classes, to the students in acquiring scientific concepts and its retentions. In order to proceed with the research, We have chosen 93 students of three different classes of fifth graders, studying in M elementary school in U metropolitan city. We have randomly chosen two classes as an experimental group and one class as a comparative group. In the first experimental group (Group1), advance organizer was put in a form of a sentence., and the second experimental group (Group2), advance organizer was put in a form of a picture. For the comparative group, We have not put any advance organizer, and the method of class was proceeded as it was before. The result of this research are as follows. Firstly, the result of 'One-way analysis of variance' on scientific concept grade, right after the experiment on three groups, has shown a meaningful difference that, the shape of advance organizer does affect the acquisition of elementary school students' scientific concept. Secondly, even though Group1, who was given with a sentence as an advance organizer, got higher scientific concept scores after the experiment than that of comparative group, However, there was not a meaningful difference between Group1 and comparative group. Thirdly, Group2, who was given with a picture as an advance organizer, has shown a meaningful difference from comparative group. Judging from the facts above, utilizing an advance organizer of a picture in elementary science class, will be very affective on students' acquiring scientific concept.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.60-68
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• 2013

The aim of the study is determined to find out how elementary science localization teaching strategy would influence environmental perception of students. In order to fulfill the research purpose, a total of 51 fifth graders from two classes in M Elementary School in U City were divided into a 26 of experimental group and a 25 of comparative group. The study was carried out from September to November of 2012. For the experimental group, an elementary science localization classes were conducted while for the comparative group, a general science classes were performed. The results of the research are presented as follows. First, it was learned that the experimental group with the elementary science localization class would have a significantly and statistically high environmental sensitivity comparing to that of the comparative group. That proves the elementary science localization class's being efficient at improving the students' environmental sensitivity. Second, the experimental group with the elementary science localization class turned out to have a significantly and statistically strong will to protect the environment than the comparative group would do. Such finding says that the elementary science localization class is helpful to enhance the students' will to preserve the environment. In conclusion, the study came to understand that the elementary science localization teaching strategy can improve the environmental perceptions of the students for such elementary science localization class would efficiently encourage environmental interest of the students.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.37
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• pp.109-135
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was to analyze how organizational learning of police officers affects empowerment components as this learning method works as a way to maximize the police organization. In order to achieve the research goal, the study selected a total of 170 police officers on duty in Gwangju Metropolitan Police Agency as a research subject for a month from July 14, 2013 to August 15. The subjects were selected via the random sampling method and were told to participate in a survey of a self-administrated method. A total of 163 (95.5%) references were used for the final analysis. The collected data was processed with SPSS for Win Version 18.0 and the variables were went through Pearson's Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results are summarized as follows. First, a hypothesis of "how social demographic characteristics have a different influence on organizational learning and empowerment" was partially confirmed. Second, another hypothesis of "how organizational learning affects empowerment of the members" was adopted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.425-432
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• 2011

In tilting pad bearing design process, the selection of the proper configuration type of either a Load-Between-Pad (LBP) or Load-On-Pad (LOP) as well as preload and pivot offset conditions is to be carefully considered. Also the bearing needs to be designed in order to be suited for the rotor-bearing system and operating condition. In this paper, it is observed that the dynamic characteristics in a 5 pad tilting pad bearing for the LBP and the LOP configurations are influenced by the variation of preload and pivot offset. In this context, rotor dynamic analysis of the 5MW industrial gas turbine supported by the tilting pad bearing at the front and roller bearing at the rear is carried out based on the dynamic coefficients of the tilting pad bearing investigated. The result shows that two rigid body critical modes experience various changes according to the influence of the tilting pad bearing uniquely applied to one side of this machine. Mainly, the second critical speed, the rigid body mode of conical shape with high whirling in the tilting pad bearing, is significantly changed by preload and pivot offset regardless of the LBP and LOP configurations. And, the first critical mode, the rigid body mode of conical shape with high whirling in the roller bearing, is sensitively affected by preload applied to the LOP configuration and by the its asymmetric dynamic properties.