• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.277-284
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• 1996

The Characteristics of atmospheric flow and dispersion of air pollutants in the mountainous coastal area were studied using two-dimensional model by the combination of land-sea breezes and transport. The pollutants emitted into the simulated wind field in considering with the mesoscale local circulations. The typical effects of land-sea breezes and tophography of coastal area on the dispersion are discussed in detail, and the model is proved as an useful tool to pridict real time pollutant transport by the results of application studies in Pusan, Korea where the urbanized coastal area with mountainous topography. It was found that sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) are differently transported and concentrated as going inland by the influence of the sea breeze with topographic changes. Key words : land-sea breezes, sulfur dioxide, dispersion, coastal area.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.359-367
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• 1997

The Characteristics of atmospheric flow and dispersion of air pollutants in the mountainous coastal area were studied using three-dimensional model by the combination of land/sea breezes and transport. It was then applied to Pusan city. As the urban area considered In this study is located in a mountainous coastal area, the atmospheric flow is strongly affected by the land/sea breezes and mountain/valley winds. The typical effects of land/sea breezes on the dispersion and the characteristics of pollutants movement in the region were analysed. The model has been proved to be an useful tool to prodict real time air pollutants transport as shown by the results of application studies In Pusan, Korea which Is an urbanized coastal area with mountainous topography. It was found that the pollutants are differently transported and concentrated as going Inland by the Influence of the sea breeze with topographic changes. By comparing the pollutants concentrations of the stimulated results with those of the observational results, It is shown that stimulated results in this study are in qualitative agreement with observational ones.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.897-905
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• 2002

A three-dimensional photochemical air pollution model considered advection, dispersion, photochemical reactions, and precipitation processes was developed. The calculated results of meteorological observation clearly exhibited geographical effects of Gwangyang Bay, in which land and sea breezes, mount-valley winds and local circular winds occurred. The observed results of daytime NOx concentrations were slightly higher than the calculated NOx concentrations in Yosu industrial complex, Gwangyang iron mill, and container yard. Eventually, the calculated NOx results generally agreed well with the observed ones.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

A three-dimensional numerical model which involved the nesting method was developed to reproduce the wind circulation of Kwangyang Bay area which comprises complicated mountains and sea topograph. The calculated results indicated geographical effects of Kwangyang Bay area, sea/land breezes and mount-valley wind which are local circular winds. We also noticed that the northern inland area of Kwangyang Bay formed the very complex wind systems under the influence of such geographic effects when a land breeze was not formed. A good agreement was found between predicted and observed values of temperature. In addition, the calculated results of the wind direction and the wind velocity are in accord with the observed values. They showed only a slight difference in between predicted and the observed values, when the sea breeze and the land breeze are changing.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.919-928
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• 2006

The present study applied an atmospheric flow field model in Gwangyang-Bay which can predict local sea/land breezes formed in a complex terrain lot the development of a model that can predict short term concentration of air pollution. Estimated values from the conduct of the atmospheric flow field were used to evaluate and compare with observation data of the meteorological stations in Yeosu and the Yeosu airport, and the effect of micrometeorology of surround region by the coastal area reclamation was predicted by using the estimated values, Simulation results, a nighttime is appeared plainly land breezes of the Gwangyang-bay direction according to a mountain wind that formed in the Mt. of Baekwooun, Mt. of Youngchui. Land winds is formed clockwise circulation in the north, clockwise reverse direction in the south with Gangyang-bay as the center. Compared with model and observation value, Temperature is tend to appeared some highly simulation value in the night, observation value in the daytime in two sites all, but it is veil accorded generally, the pattern of one period can know very the similarity. And also, wind speed and wind direction is some appeared the error of observation value and calculation results in crossing time of the land wind and sea land, it can see that reproducibility is generally good, is very appeared the change land wind in the nighttime, the change of sea wind in the daytime. And also, according to change of the utilization coefficient of soil before and after development with Gwangyang-Bay area as the center. Temperature after development was high $0.55\sim0.67^{\circ}C$ in the 14 hoots, also was tend to appear lowly $0.10\sim0.22^{\circ}C$ in the 02 hours, the change of u, v component is comparatively tend to reduced sea wind and land wind, it is affected ascending air current and frictional power of the earth surface according to inequality heating of the generation of earth surface.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 1997

울산지역의 해륙풍장을 해석하기 위해 3차원 중규모 지역기상 수치모형을 개발하여 흐름장의 변동을 수치해석하였다. 식생의 영향을 고려한 지표면 열수지모형을 이용하여 지표면의 온도 및 습도를 결정하도록 하였다. 그리고 접지층에서의 연직방향 확산계수는 Businger의 모형을, Eckman층에서는 Yamada의 난류 closure모형을 사용하여 계산하였다. 그 결과 울산지역의 해륙풍장의 거동특성을 해석하는데 있어서 본 모형은 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.625-638
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• 1999

Air quality modeling for coastal urban region has been composed of a complex system including meteorological, chemical and physical processes and emission characteristics in complex terrain. In this study, we studied about an effect prediction for deposition phenomenon affecting on air quality in Pusan metopolitan metropolitan city. In air quality modeling including ship sources, a situation considered deposition process habe better result than not considered when compared with observed value. Air pollutants emitted into urban air during the daytime nearly removed through urban atmosphere polluted. Also these phenomena correlated concentration variation connent with sea/land breezes and terrain effect. Therefore we conclude that the concentration was low at daytime when deposition flux is high, and deposition effect on industrial complex and Dongrae region is considerable in particular.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.322-331
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• 2007

In this study, we have analyzed $PM_{10}$ concentration measured at Incheon Regional Air Monitoring Network (10 stations) and meteorological data at Incheon Weather Station to investigate factors (i.e. wind direction, wind speed, relative humidity, major meteorological phenomenon, and sea-land breezes existence) influencing $PM_{10}$ concentration in Incheon during 2005. Statistical differences among meteorological factors were assessed by Kruskal-Wallis test or Mann-Whitney U test. The main conditions causing high $PM_{10}$ concentration are summarized below; 1. When westerly wind prevailed (however, $PM_{10}$ decreased when winds were blowing from the east or north). 2. When the winds were calm, owing to accumulation of nearby emissions under stagnant conditions, or when the wind speed is in excess of 6 m/s, which shows the effect of fugitive dust produced by wind erosion. 3. Under the condition of high relative humidity and poor diffusion based on meteorological phenomenon such as fog, mist, and haze. 4. When the Sea-Land breezes existed, which occurred 70 days in Incheon during 2005 and contributed significantly to high $PM_{10}$ concentration in the coastal urban area. In conclusion, we have found that the meteorological factors have influence on $PM_{10}$ concentration in Incheon.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2003

A local wind model and a three dimensional local environmental model including advection, diffusion, deposition. and photochemical reactions were performed at Gwangyang Bay, Korea, to predict air flow and air pollutants concentrations. A large grid was used, and nesting method was employed for small grid calculation. From the meterological module simulation, we were able to reproduce local wind characteristics such as sea/land winds and mountain/valley winds simulation at Gwangyang Bay. In addition, the concentration module showed high concentration regions at Yosu industrial complex, Gwangyang steel company. and Container anchor. It was also seen that air pollutants were dispersed by sea/land winds. A comparison between the measurement and the prediction of sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide, which are relatively low-reacted pollutants, was performed. However, the measured nitrogen dioxide and ozone concentrations were higher than the simulated ones. Particularly, ozone concentration between 8 a..m. and 8 p.m. agreed well, but the measured ozone during the rest of time were generally higher.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.323-340
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• 2003

There have been persistent civil appeals in Ansan area against the odor and aerosols emitted from nearby Banwol/Sihwa industrial complex. A fundamental solution for the good air quality has not been addressed yet in spite of the continuous counterplan to reduce odor emission. A systematic and scientific study is needed to examine the reason for the odor episode and to predict the impact coverage of odor pollution. An approach by computational simulation is considered to be adequate to investigate the transportation and the dispersion processes of air pollutants blown by sea breeze toward the coastal city, Ansan. This study has employed various dispersion models to simulate the transportation and the dispersion processes of odor pollutants by a local circulation between land/sea breeze using the data set of emission rates of odorous species from the Banwol/Sihwa industrial complex.