• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 2017

Climate change is the biggest concern of the $21^{st}$ century. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from various sectors are attracting attention as a cause of climate change. The DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model simulates GHG emissions from cropland. To study future GHG emissions using this simulation model, various factors that could change in future need to be considered. Because most problems are from the agricultural sector, DNDC would be unable to solve the factor-changing problem itself. Hence, it is necessary to link DNDC with separate models that simulate each element. Climate change is predicted to cause a variety of environmental disasters in the future, having a significant impact on the agricultural environment. In the process of human adaptation to environmental change, the distribution and management methods of farmland will also change greatly. In this study, we introduce some drawbacks of DNDC in considering future changes, and present other existing models that can rectify the same. We further propose some combinations with models and development sub-models.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.573-581
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• 2010

Natural ecosystem is an essential part to connect with the plan for biodiversity conservation in response strategy against climate change. For connecting biodiversity conservation with climate change strategy, Europe, America, Japan, and China are making an effort to discuss protection necessity through national biodiversity valuation but precedent studies lack in Korea. In this study, we made biodiversity maps representing biodiversity distribution range using species richness in National Forest Inventory (NFI) and Forest Description data. Using regression tree algorithm, we divided various classes by decision rule and constructed biodiversity maps, which has accuracy level of over 70%. Therefore, the biodiversity maps produced in this study can be used as base information for decision makers and plan for conservation of biodiversity & continuous management. Furthermore, this study can suggest a strategy for increasing efficiency of forest information in national level.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.419-430
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• 2019

This study examined the influences of middle school students' affective empathy and guilt-proneness on defending behavior against bullying and investigated if class climate (teacher support and student support) had moderating effects. The participants consisted of 163 second to third grade students (77 boys and 86 girls) in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression. Moderating effects were examined using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that guilt-proneness, teacher support, and student support had significant effects on the defending behavior of middle school students. The higher the level of guilt-proneness, the higher the level of defending behavior. Defending behavior was also higher when students perceived a belongingness to a classroom where their teacher and students provided support. However, affective empathy had no effect on defending behavior. Second, teacher support moderated the relation between guilt-proneness and defending behavior. The effects of guilt-proneness on defending behavior against bullying were greater when teacher support was high compared to low. The results suggested that guilt-proneness and classroom climate play important roles in increasing defending behavior in middle school students. Some implications for future research were also discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.822-833
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• 2010

Temperature increase due to climate changes causes change of water temperature in rivers which results in change of water quality etc. and the change of river ecosystem has a great impact on human life. Analyzing the impact of current climate changes on air and water temperature is an important thing in adapting to the climate changes. This study examined the effect of climate changes through analyzing air temperature trend for Nakdong river basin and analyzed the elasticity of air-water temperature to understand the effect of climate changes on water temperature. For analysis air temperature trend, collecting air temperature data from the National Weather Service on main points in Nakdong river basin, and resampling them at the units of year, season and month, used as data for air temperature trend analysis. Analyzing for elasticity of air-water temperature, the data were collected by the Water Environment Information system for water temperature, while air temperature data were collected at the National Weather Service point nearest in the water temperature point. And using the results of trend analysis and elasticity analysis, the effect of climate changes on water temperature was examined estimating future water temperature in 20 years and 50 years after. It is judged that analysis on mutual impact between factors such as heat budget, precipitation and evapotranspiration on river water temperature affected by climate changes and river water temperature is necessary.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2023

Aiming at the problem that fatigue characteristics of metal roof rely on local physical tests and lacks the cyclic load sequence matching with regional climate, this paper proposed a method of constructing the fatigue load spectrum based on integration of wind load model, measured data of long-span metal roof and climate statistical data. According to the turbulence characteristics of wind, the wind load model is established from the aspects of turbulence intensity, power spectral density and wind pressure coefficient. Considering the influence of roof configuration on wind pressure distribution, the parameters are modified through fusing the measured data with least squares method to approximate the actual wind pressure load of the roof system. Furthermore, with regards to the wind climate characteristics of building location, Weibull model is adopted to analyze the regional meteorological data to obtain the probability density distribution of wind velocity used for calculating wind load, so as to establish the cyclic wind load sequence with the attributes of regional climate and building configuration. Finally, taking a workshop's metal roof as an example, the wind load spectrum is constructed according to this method, and the fatigue simulation and residual life prediction are implemented based on the experimental data. The forecasting result is lightly higher than the design standards, consistent with general principles of its conservative safety design scale, which shows that the presented method is validated for the fatigue characteristics study and health assessment of metal roof.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.291-302
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• 2015

Vulnerability due to climate change depends on the concentration of carbon dioxide emissions over several upcoming decades. The objective of this study is to estimate the concentration of greenhouse gases and air pollutants in 2100, while also accounting for expected socio-economic changes in Korea. First, we intend to prepare scenarios for possible socioeconomic changes in Korea: business as usual (BAU), high growth and low growth. Secondly, we aim to predict services demands in residential?commercial sector, transportation sector, industrial sector for each scenarios. Finally, the emissions of LLGHG and SLCP will be estimated on the basis of the predicted service demands. The study results project that in Korea, LLGHG emissions will be approximately $660Mt\;CO_2\;eq$. and SLCP emissions will be approximately 3.81 Mt, -including black carbon (BC) by 2100. The transportation and industrial sectors are the major source for LLGHG emissions, and the residential and commercial sector serve as the SLCP source. Later, additional studies on the cost and benefit of mitigation should be carried out by comparing the reduced use of materials that cause climate change as a result of reduction policies and the socioeconomic cost.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.446-463
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• 2022

This study suggests the need for polar literacy education as an effective conceptual system to explain climate change in terms of science education in line with the common effort of humankind to respond to global environmental changes. To this end, we investigated the status of polar literacy in high school students through quantitative tests and qualitative interviews and discussed the resulting implications. A total of 329 high school sophomore students from two high schools participated in a test consisting of 25 true and false questions developed by referring to the Polar Literacy Principles, while 13 students agreed to be interviewed. The results showed that a somewhat insufficient understanding and conceptual gaps appeared regarding several areas of the Polar Literacy Principles. Knowledge of the geographic features of the polar regions was weak, and little was known about the components and key characteristics of the cryosphere. The lack of understanding of these concepts results in the inability of students to link the operational mechanisms of polar and global climate change sufficiently. While accepting unsatisfactory concepts in the school curriculum without criticism from outside media, students perceived the mechanism of climate change as somewhat monotonous or distorted. Moreover, linguistic information, analogies, and visual observation were used as cognitive strategies to compensate for the ambiguous understanding of polar and climate change. Based on the abovementioned results, we argue that polar literacy education should be introduced as a new knowledge system that can be used to aid a systematic and comprehensive understanding of climate change within the school science curriculum. Additionally, we suggest the following implications: review the consistency of knowledge related to polar literacy in other subjects, provide critical standards for out-of-school media information related to climate change, examine students' misconceptions, and identify improved thinking strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2008

The Semiconductor industry in Korea has achieved a great contribution to the growth of its economy for the last 20 years with its product export ranked to #1 nowadays. However, the working environment in semiconductor industry is always exposed to a potential risk of critical safety issue for workers with many kinds of utilities used such as toxic chemicals, gases, high vacuum and high voltages of electricity. This study is focused on empirical research to find out the factors on safety climate and to examine the relationships of safety climate and safe work behaviour in the work site of Korea semiconductor industry. As a result of simulation, a strong positive relationships and safe work behaviour have been identified in this study. Its result and implications has been discussed and suggested further studies on its limitation from this study.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.230-239
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• 2013

The paper deals with recent paradigm shift in German environmental policy, fundamentally modifying the German society towards a sustainable future development. Key elements of this development are forceful climate protection measures to contribute to global climate protection strategy and to fulfil international conventions, supplemented by a comprehensive strategy to promote the adaptation to climate change, the nuclear power phase out in the medium term, and innovative landscape and regional planning projects to strengthen regional identity and economic power. All this components are,complemented by a financial support program including incentives, tax reductions, and research funding.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.169-182
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• 2020

ODA finance in the water sector has decreased after reaching a peak in 2012 although total ODA commitments have steadily increased according to OECD DAC data. However, climate finance in the water sector has increased so much since 2013 according to 7 MDB Joint report on Climate Finance. Water, especially, in climate change is the main issue for adaptation, and the total finance in the water sector reached 50% of the international public adaptation finance in 2016. However, the procedures for approval and the requirements of the proposals for climate funds are different from those for development finance. Notwithstanding the changes in money flows in the water sector, most korean engineering consulting firms in the water infrastructure area are not ready to win the funds relating to climate change. Therefore, It is important to understand a variety of sources of climate funds, characteristics, funding scale on each purpose and procedures for approval. Korean government needs to provide the firms the opportunities to buildup experiences by getting involved in climate adaptation projects with the financial support for developing PPFs, concept notes, and proposals.