• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.709-717
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• 2002

In the apparel industry, the technology has been advanced rapidly. The use of 3D scanning systems fur the capture and measurement of human body is becoming common place. Three dimensional digital image can be used for design, inspection, reproduction of physical objects. The purpose of this study is to develop a method that drafts men's basic bodice pattern from scanned 3D body surface shape data. In order to pursue this purpose the researchers developed pattern drafting algorithm. The 3D scanner used in this study was Cyberware Whole Body Scanner WB-4. The bodice pattern drafting algorithm from 3D body surface shape data developed in this study is as follows. First, convert geometric 3D body surface data to 3D polygonal mesh data. Second, develop algorithm to lay out 3D polygonal patches onto a plane using Auto Lisp program. The polygon meshes are coplanar, and the individual mesh is continuously in contact with next one The bodice front surface shape data in polygonal patches form was lined up in bust and waist levels. The back bodice was drafted by lining up the polygonal mesh in scapula, chest, and waist levels. in the drafts, gaps between polygons were formed into the darts.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.595-606
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• 2020

This study develops an optimal two-dimensional (2D) pattern from three-dimensional human scan data by considering the cycling posture and dermatome of high school male cyclists. By analyzing the body surface change in the cycling posture and considering the dermatome of the lower limbs, the optimal cutting line setting and the development of cycling tights for individual cyclists were presented to provide data that could be used in the clothing industry. We designed three cycling tights to solve the size unsuitability. 3D design 1 is a non-extension design based on the analysis of the 3D human body scan data, in which parts were connected diagonally from the front of the knee to the back of the knee. 3D design 2 removed both the front and back to reduce air resistance during cycling. 3D design 3 did not have a cutting line on the front panel because of the air resistance during cycling in the front area. We analyzed the garment pressure for 8 points of lower body and performed a subjective evaluation of the 3D designed tights and the current cycling tights. The 3D design 1 in this study was well received in the omphalion, thigh, and hip area, while 3D design 3 was well received in the omphalion, thigh, hip, and bottom bands. Therefore, the LoNE of 3D design 1 was applied to the front, and the hip cutting line of 3D design 3 was applied to the back.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2003

The 3D measurement data expected be useful to give appropriate garment fit and development of MTM(Made-to-Measure) CAD software. The researcher surveyed the need and use of national anthropometric data of the apparel industry. 17 Korean apparel manufacturers participated in the study. The need of anthropometric data at 5 different apparel business sectors was measured: men's suit, women's dress, casual-wear, underwear, and active sportswear. The result of the survey shows that height and bust, waist, hip circumferences are needed by all of the business sectors. The body measurements at the scye and upper arm area were need most by the men's suit manufacturers. The women's foundation garment manufacturers were well prepared for the use of the 3D body scan data and they expected the potential benefits of 3D body scan data would be great. The researcher also conducted a case study and found a pro and con of the using 3D body scan data for apparel product developing process. In the current stage of technical advance, a reasonable method was required to get nude like scan data for the women's foundation garment manufacturer. The researcher concluded that the apparel designer could use the 3D scan data for developing tremendous style garment design and pattern making.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.94-102
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• 2013

We propose the mirror active element pattern (AEP) method for the radiation pattern computation of linear array antennas versus scan angles. The computation time for the radiation pattern of linear array antennas using the mirror AEP method is reduced by almost half compared to that using the AEP method because the number of AEPs of elements obtained by the full-wave simulation necessary for the radiation pattern computation of linear array antennas is reduced by almost half. The difference between the radiation patterns of linear array antennas obtained by the full-wave simulation and mirror AEP method is very small for wide scan angle range when the radiation pattern of an antenna element is symmetric.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1109-1120
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• 2009

This study develops a fitted torso type basic pattern for men by utilizing 3D body scan data. Recent fashion trends are reflected in the development of the pattern. The subjects were 15 men in their 20's, who wear size 95 (M size). Body scan data was obtained through a 3D whole body scanner (WB4, Cyberware, USA), and a body surface development figure for developing male fitted torso type basic pattern was attained through the use of Rapid Form 2006 as well as Auto CAD 2006 programs. The results are as follows: A body surface development figure through body surface segment method showed high exactitude in an error range of 100$\pm$1%. In addition, it occurred in an error range of 100:1:3% because of the hard scanning conditions in the incline of the shoulder and armpit areas. However, the body surface development figure as well as the direct measurement results can be used as basic data for the given patternmaking since the error range falls into 100$\pm$3%. Dart amounts obtained from the average cross section were center back 2.2cm (24.3%), back armpit point 3.8cm (41.8%), front armpit point 3.0cm (33.9%). As shown the jacket pattern, the biggest dart amount was portioned out at the back armpit point. The drafting equations for the development pattern acquired are as follows; Full width=C/2+5cm, back length=height/4-1cm, armhole depth=(C/10+12cm)+3cm, back width=2C/10+2cm, front width=2C/10. The development pattern was a fitted torso basic pattern that was composed of 3 pieces, so it would be very useful in developing shirt or jacket patterns. According to the results of the evaluation of the developed pattern appearance, it obtained higher scores of over 3.5 points in almost items, meaning that the developed pattern is appropriate for a male fitted torso type basic pattern. It suggests a possibility of patternmaking from a body surface development figure in 2-D to prototype.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.600-613
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to provide Torso pattern for Korean middle-aged women using 3D human body scan data. 155 women in their 40's or 50's were measured by Martin's anthropometry. Merging the data of 914 middle aged women provided by Korean agency for technology and standards, total of 1,069 subjects' data were analyzed. For data analysis, ANOVA, factor analysis and cluster analysis were done using SPSS PC+. And representative subject of each cluster was selected and they participated in 3D scanning and Torso pattern suggested for middle-aged women Torso pattern which investing the amount of ease according to each group for diffuse front interscye 30%, armscye circumference 30%, back interscye 40% using 3D human body scan data. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, as a result of the factor analysis, the first factor was 'obesity index of body', The second factor was 'verticality size of body', The third factor was 'verticality length of upper bodice', The fourth factor was 'drop value to represent silhouette', and the fifth factor was 'physique of upper bodice'. And, middle-aged women type were classified 3 types according to the cluster analysis. Type 1(Y-type) was the long upper Torso with wide shoulder. Type 2(H-type) was flat-body type with comparatively thin upper bodice and thin lower bodice. And type 3(A-type) was the obese type with comparatively thin upper bodice and fat lower bodice. Secondly, using CAD program, point filtering was performed and approximated surface model was made. It used that generated surface smoothing corrected for abnormally extruded points and scattered points based on the curvature information. And 3D surfaces were flatted onto the plane by the internal tools of CAD program. Difference ratios of outline length and area between 3D curves and 2D plane were 0.42% and 0.54%, respectively. Third, wearing test by the sensory evaluation showed that distinct difference almost every category. The movement functionality test shows that, in all the tests which reveal significant differences, especially, 'comparison pattern A' experienced inconvenience to neck width and neck depth.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.2189-2192
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• 2003

전자정부, 전자상거래의 활성화로 디지털 문서가 빠른 속도로 유통되고 있기에 이에 대한 효과적인 보호대책이 필요한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 Window Pattern을 이용하여 Binary Image에 저작권 정보를 삽입하는 방안을 제안한다. 삽입대상 Window Pattern을 결정하고 이러한 Pattern으로 원본 영상을 Scan하면서 픽셀 값에 변화를 주게 된다. 이렇게 되어 하나의 Pattern에 1bit의 정보의 삽입이 가능하게 되고 추출 시 원본을 필요로 하지 않으며 실용성이 높고 적용분야도 넓다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.31-37
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• 2003

In this paper, an efficient non-scan design-for-testability (DFT) method for finite state machine(FSM) is proposed. The proposed method always guarantees short test pattern generation time and complete fault efficiency. It has a lower area overhead than full-scan and other non-scan DFT methods and enables to apply test patterns at-speed. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated using well-known MCNC'91 FSM benchmark circuits.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.804-810
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• 2001

Transition of flows in natural convection in a horizontal cylindrical annulus is investigated for the fluid with Pr=0.2. The unsteady streamfunction-vorticity equation is solved with finite difference method. As Rayleigh number is increased, the steady crescent-shaped eddy flow bifurcates to a time-periodic flow with like-rotating eddies. After the first Hopf bifurcation, however, a reverse transition from oscillatory to a steady flow occurs by the flow pattern variation. Hysteresis phenomenon occurs between the solution branches of up-scan and down-scan stages, and dual solutions with one steady and one oscillatory flow are found. Overall Nusselt of the flows at the flows at the down-scan stage is greater than that at the up-scan stage.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.443-452
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• 2004

For stereo lithography process, accuracy of prototypes is related to laser power, scan speed, scan width, scan pattern, layer thickness, resin characteristics and etc. An accurate prototype is obtained by using appropriate process parameters. In order to determine these parameters, the stereolithography (SLA) machine using neural network was developed and efficiency of the developed SLA machine was compared with that of the traditional SLA. Optimum values for scan speed, hatching spacing and layer thickness improved the surface roughness and build time for the developed SLA.