• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.139-150
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• 2003

There was a close relationship between spatio-temporal distribution of Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tide and meso-scale variation of oceanographic environment around the Korean waters. Oceanographic conditions of Narodo island, where red tide usually first occurred during summer seasons were formation of the thermohaline frontal zone from 1995 to 2001. Huge C. polykrikoides red tides were observed in every uneven year during the past 7 years (1995~2001) and quasi-biennial oscillation also occurred in the oceanographic variations of sea surface temperature and salinity in the northern part of the East China Sea during the same years. The distribution area and moving pattern of C. polykrikoides red tides were definitely depended on the temporal and spatial variation of upwelling cold water originated form the southeastern coast of the Korean peninsula in summer season.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of urban heat island considering urban space at nighttime. We used to analyze landuse and landcover data of 1:1,000 scale, DTM, and surface temperature extracted ASTER image satellite of nighttime. According to the analytical results, heat intensity in single-family residential is higher than that in industrial area, public facility area, and commercial area because the anthropogenic heat by energy consumption is released. Likewise, the temperature difference were big in the buildings of industrial area depending on operating hours. Meanwhile, green and river area had cooling impacts mitigating the urban heat island. Therefore, we have to mitigate heat intensity through constructing green space and waterfront area. As mentioned above, we think that the results of this study will be used as base data for effective spatial planning when formulating development planning to mitigate urban heat island at nighttime.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.54-63
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• 2013

In this paper, we evaluate the accuracy of the vertical positioning by distance using Network RTK-GPS. The experimental results confirm that Network RTK-GPS method can acquire data quickly and accurately than conventional leveling methods so that the Network RTK-GPS method is a relatively efficient and economical way for the vertical positioning. Results of validation using permanent GPS stations indicate that visible satellites, PDOP, and VDOP are very good for the vertical positioning. Integrated reference points such as U0997 and U0921 are satisfied with 3 ratings in the rules of public leveling and all the rest are proved improper. When the vertical positioning using Network RTK-GPS is implemented, the geoid height of EGM2008 should be applied for leveling. If the number of geodetic satellite are increasing in the near future, the vertical positioning using Network RTK-GPS can be possible in all the range.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.162-169
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• 2011

Land information is the real-time spatial thing which must be considered with spatial and time factors. This study aims to apply and implement an appropriate spatiotemporal model for land information by exploring spatiotemporal data models which have been suggested in the previous studies. The implemented spatiotemporal model in this study is characterized by time and attribute. In the time aspect, it is divided by valid time and transaction time, and in the attribute aspect, includes the related information such as area and ownership. At the spatial point of view, the model has a spaghetti information structure as reducing information overlapped by managing the spatial information coordinates. The spatiotemporal land information model in this study facilitates representing the quality of attribute, spatial and time information.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

The agricultural area was classified into dry and paddy fields in this study using the near-infrared band of Landsat TM to extract land cover classes that need to the application of Expected Mean Concentration (EMC) in nonpoint source works. The accuracy of image classification of the land cover map from Landsat TM image showed 83.61% and 78.41% respectively by comparing with the large and middle scale land cover map of Ministry of Environment. As the result of Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Curve Number (CN) using the land cover map from image classification, Dongbok dam and Dongbok stream basin were analyzed high. Also Geymbaek water-gage and Bosunggang upstream basin showed high in the analysis of EMC of BOD, TN, TP by basin. And also Geymbaek water-gage and Bosunggang upstream basin showed high in the analysis of non-point source through coupling with direct runoff. Therefore these basins were selected with the main area for the management of nonpoint source.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.36-46
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• 2007

The primary purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of land use change at the urban fringe. For this purpose, the Daegu Metropolitan City is selected as a study area. Land use changes between 1990 and 2000 in fringe areas are identified by processing Landsat TM5 imageries. The main findings are follows: First, land development has been driven by residential development, especially large-scale residential development encouraged by the two-million housing construction plan. Second, the type and size of the land use conversion are not identical across the study area. For example, the main land use type of the newly developed area of Buk-gu is residential use while that of Suseong-gu is public use. Third, most of residential development type is a high-density development which is quite different from American type of low-density development.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2007

One of the most important hydrologic components is evapotranspiration. It is a process by which water is evaporated from moist land surfaces and transpired into atmosphere by plants. There are many methods of estimating evapotranspiration rate and its potential such as the methods of soil-moisture sampling, lysimeter measurements, water balance, energy balance, groundwater fluctuations and evapotranspiration. But it is very difficult to estimate evapotranspiration in terms of regional discrete characteristics of topography and/or vegetation. The evapotranspiration is strongly affected by ground covering vegetation, and the degree of vegetation growth. In order to grasp vegetation condition over a vast study area, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices) calculated from the data obtained from NOAA/AVHRR were utilized. Through multi-regression analysis, we developed a model equation to estimate the evapotranspiration using NDVIs and temperature data.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.902-905
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• 2008

With development of internet, location-based service (LBS) is getting more interest in wire and wireless network, and many studies are in progress to provide various services such as GIS and GPS technique related to this. Today positioning and information providing service is accomplished by mobile communication companies' chasing the cell or building unique GIS system, but there is a lot of building-cost that must be endured to define boundary of collecting precise location information from chasing Cell and provide unique location information service. In this paper, it desires to make the database of location information with using GPS, relatively precise satellite positioning system, to cut the cost of building location information service, and to present service models such as children's positioning service that is to reduce the cost of building GIS by using Web Open API and provide location information of discrete object in real-time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.154-154
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• 2012

지표에서의 토양수분은 작은 구성비를 가짐에도 불구하고 여러 수문 현상을 연계하는 매우 중요한 인자로써 최근 관련 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 토양수분은 침투나 침루를 통하여 강우와 지하수를 연결하는 기능을 함과 동시에 강우사상에 따른 유출특성에 직접적인 영향을 미치며 증발산을 통하여 에너지 순환을 연결하는 중요한 기능을 한다. 토양수분을 측정하는 방법에는 세타 탐침(Theta Probe), 장력계, TDR(Time Domain Reflectrometry) 등이 이용되고 있으며, 광역 토양수분자료의 보다 정확한 공간 변동성의 관측을 위하여 항공원격탐사와 인공위성 원격탐사기술이 개발되어 적용되고 있다. 인공위성 영상은 자료의 분석이 간편하며, 공간자료이므로 공간 변화를 분석하는 데 있어 매우 편리하다. 그 중 MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 위성영상은 저해상도 영상으로 극궤도 위성인 Terra와 Aqua 위성에 장착되어 있으며, NASA에서 필요한 정보를 받아 사용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 유역의 물리적 지형자료와 같은 방대한 양의 자료 수집 없이도, 모형이 구축되면 인공위성자료와 강우자료만으로도 신뢰성 높은 결과를 단시간 내에 효율적으로 산정할 수 있는 자료 지향형 모형인 ANFIS(Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System)를 사용하였다. 사용된 퍼지변수로는 시험유역의 토양수분 관측자료와 강수량 및 인공위성 자료인 MODIS NDVI(Normalize Difference Vegetation Index), MODIS LST(Land-Surface Temperature) 영상을 이용하였다. MODIS NDVI는 시간 해상도 8일, 공간해상도 250 인 Level 3 영상이며, MODIS LST는 시간 해상도 1일, 공간해상도 1 km인 Level 3 영상을 사용하였다. 위성자료를 사용하기 위해 Korea TM 좌표체계로 변환한 뒤, 토양수분 관측지점이 속한 각 셀의 속성값을 추출하였다. 위성자료와 수집된 자료 및 토양수분자료와의 관계를 분석하기 위하여 입력자료를 다양한 방법으로 구성하여 입력 변수를 생성하였다. 생성된 입력 변수와 ANFIS 모형을 연계하여 각각의 토양수분 산정모형을 구축하고 대상지점에 대한 토양수분을 산정 및 비교 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.887-887
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• 2012

기후변화에 의한 강우패턴의 변화는 강우량 및 강우강도의 증가로 대표되며 국립기상연구소 (2011)에 의하면 현재와 같은 탄소배출이 줄어들지 않는다면 2050년 우리나라의 강수량은 16% 증가하고 일 강수량 80mm 이상의 호우발생일수가 60%이상 증가될 것으로 전망하고 있다. 이와 같이 기후변화로 인해 발생빈도가 증가추세인 집중호우는 산사태와 같은 2차 피해를 유발하고 있으며 강우의 예측 및 실시간 모니터링은 재해 예방 및 수자원관리, 국가 방재역량 강화를 위해 연구되어야 할 분야이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 광역적 강우자료로서 미국 NOAA의 기후예측센터에 의해 제공되는 글로벌 강우량 CMORPH와 지상 강우자료와의 비교 분석을 통해 CMORPH 자료의 수자원 분야 이용 가능성을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. CMORPH는 고급의 시공간적 해상도를 가지며, 단기간의 기후 예측센터 모핑(morphing) 방법에 의한 "CMORPH"라 불리우는 강우평가 알고리즘과 새로운 위성 기반 기술을 이용하여 개발되었다. CMORPH 기술에 의해 생산된 글로벌 강우 추정은 저궤도 위성 수동 마이크로파(passive microwaves, PMW) 관측으로부터 유도되고, 그 형태는 전적으로 정지궤도 위성(geostationary satellite) 적외선(IR) 데이터로부터 얻어진 공간적 전파 정보 (모션 벡터)를 통해 전송된다. 이 기술은 PMW 데이터로부터 유도된 비교적 고품질의 추정 강우를 전파하기 위하여 30분 간격의 정지궤도 위성 IR 이미지로부터 파생된 모션 벡터를 이용하며, 때때로 레이더보다 더 나은 성능을 보이기도 하고(Apip 등 2010), CMORPH의 지역적 제공범위는 $60^{\circ}N-60^{\circ}S$이고 2002년 12월부터 제공하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 CMORPH 자료 중 2002년 12월부터 제공하는 3시간 누가강우 자료를 수집하였고, 자료의 정확도 분석은 갑천유역을 대상으로 하였다. 3시간 누가 강우량을 1일 누가 강우량으로 변환한 후 금강홍수통제소의 갑천 유역 강우관측소 5곳의 강우자료를 티센 평균에 의한 유역 평균강우자료와 비교하였다. 2009년 1년간의 지상관측자료와 CMORPH자료를 비교한 결과 가 0.34 정도로 분석되었으나 추가 연구를 통해 마이크로 웨이브 강우자료 및 3시간 강우자료, 그리고 30분 강우자료의 분석을 통해 다양한 형태의 강우자료 확보뿐만 아니라 광역적인 강우특성 분석도 가능하여 연구 결과의 동아시아지역 등으로 확대 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.