• BMB Reports
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.239-240
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• 2015

Dysregulation of cytokine expression causes inflammatory diseases or chronic infection conditions. We have identified that Tat-activating regulatory DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is involved in cytokine RNA processing in order to promote an optimal immune response. The interaction of TDP-43 with spliceosomal components from the Cajal body leads to the formation of a novel sub-nuclear body called the Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 Splicing Activating Compartment (InSAC). TDP-43 binds to the IL-6 and IL-10 RNAs in a sequence-dependent manner. In cell-based studies, we observed that lipopoly-saccharide (LPS) stimulation induces the formation of the InSAC through TDP-43 ubiquitination, thereby influencing the processing and expression levels of IL-6 RNA. Moreover, TDP-43 knockdown in vivo results in a decrease in IL-6 production and its RNA splicing and stability. Thus, these findings demonstrate that the InSAC is linked to the activation and modulation of the immune response. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(5): 239-240]

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1018-1028
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the effects of Gastrodia elata extract on the quality characteristics of glutinous rice porridge Jochung saccharide by barley malt. Glutinous rice porridge Jochung contatining 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% of Gastrodia elata extract were produced. Soluble solid contents and pH increased as content of Gastrodia elata extract increased. Free acidity contents were 24.87 meq/kg (control) and 25.67~42.03 meq/kg (GR2~GR5) (p<0.001 among samples). There was significant total phenolics and TEAC obtained for antioxidant activity of Gastrodia elata extract Jochung samples. Increased the ratio of Gastrodia elata extract in Jochung tended to decrease the color value. Results show Jochung containg less than 15% Gastrodia elata extract resulted in the highest scores for quality characteristics and sensory evaluation. Correlations between antioxidant activity and parameters were found to be statistically significant.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.26-27
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• 2004

닭 용골연골을 이용하여 CS를 함유하는 뮤코다당단백질을 추출하는데 있어 경제성을 고려하여 최적의 조건을 조사하기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 열수 추출의 경우 120분간 추출하였을 때 그 수율과 CS 함량이 가장 효율적으로 나타났으며, 효소 추출은 2 %의 alcalase를 첨가한 후 120분 동안 추출하였을 때 수율과 CS 함량이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. CS를 다량 포함하는 정제소재를 제조하기 위해 ethanol 침전을 실시한 결과. 수율은 21.41 %, CS 함량은 46.31 %로 나타났다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2011

The infection of pandemic influenza viruses such as swine flu (H1N1) and avian flu viruses to the host cells is related to the following two factors: First, the surface protein such as HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase) of the influenza virus. Second, the specific structure of the oligosaccharide [sialic acid(${\alpha}2$-6) galactose(${\beta}1$-4)glucose or sialic acid(${\alpha}2$-3)galactose(${\beta}1$-4)glucose] on the host cell. After recognizing the specific structure of the oligosaccharide on the surface of host cells by the surface protein of the influenza virus, the influenza virus can secrete sialidase and cleave the sialic acid attached on the final position of the specific structure of the oligosaccharide on the surface of host cells. Tamiflu (oseltamivir), known as a remedy of swine flu, has a saccharide analog structure, especially the sialic acid analog. Tamiflu can inhibit the invasion of influenza viruses (swine flu and avian flu viruses) into the host cells by competition with sialic acid on the terminal position of the specific oligosaccharide on the surface of the host cell. Because of the emergence of Tamiflu resistance, the development of new potent anti-influenza inhibitors is needed. The inhibitors with positive-charge groups have potential as antiviral therapeutics, and the strain specificity must also be resolved.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2010

To elucidate the invasion mechanism of pathogenic Naegleria fowleri, especially a receptor-ligand recognition, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity of pathogenic N. fowleri and nonpathogenic N. gruberi to murine macrophages, RAW 264.7, by adding four kinds of saccharides, ${\alpha}$-fucose, ${\beta}$-galactose, ${\alpha}$-D-mannopyranoside (${\alpha}$-mannose) and xylose. There was not enough of a difference in the cytotoxicity of N. fowleri treated with 10 mM of each saccharide. In particular, the cytotoxicity of N. fowleri was highly inhibited by 100 mM ${\alpha}$-mannose, which was 62.3% inhibition calculated by the analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Although murine macrophages were not significantly destroyed by nonpathogenic N. gruberi under hematoxylin staining, the cytotoxicity of N. gruberi was inhibited from 31.5% to 14.5% (P<0.01) by 100 mM ${\alpha}$-mannose treatment. The binding of N. fowleri to macrophages was inhibited from 33% to 50% by 100 mM ${\alpha}$-mannose. Furthermore, as results of the adhesion assays which were performed to determine whether binding of Naegleria is mediated by saccharides-binding protein, the binding ability of N. fowleri as well as N. gruberi was inhibited by 100 mM ${\alpha}$-mannose.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2016

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we investigated the effect of a mutation in opsX (XOO1056), which encodes a saccharide biosynthesis regulatory protein, on the virulence and bacterial chemotaxis of Xoo. We performed DNA micro-array analysis, which showed that 63 of 2,678 genes, including genes related to bacterial motility (flagellar and chemotaxis proteins) were significantly downregulated ($<\;-2\;log_2$ fold changes) by the mutation in opsX. Indeed, motility assays showed that the mutant strain was nonmotile on semisolid agar swarm plates. In addition, a mutant strain (opsX::Tn5) showed decreased virulence against the susceptible rice cultivar, IR24. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR reaction was performed to confirm the expression levels of these genes, including those related to flagella and chemotaxis, in the opsX mutant. Our findings revealed that mutation of opsX affects both virulence and bacterial motility. These results will help to improve our understanding of Xoo and provide insight into Xoo-rice interactions.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.365-369
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• 2004

Submerged membrane bio-reactor equipped with a hollow fiber microfiltration was applied to reuse weaving wastewater of water jet loom, where two parameters such as the concentration of MLSS and the flux were controlled. While the flux at the concentration of MLSS around 900mg/L was constantly kept over 0.4m/d and 0.8m/d in a short time, the stable flux at around 300mg/L of MLSS was shown at the 8 days later. Regardless of MLSS and flux, BOD, CODcr and Turbidity of the permeate were 1~2mg/L, 7~10mg/L and below 1 NTU, which were 85~90%, 87~90% and 98% of removal efficiency, respectively. The stable operation without fouling was achieved because the contents of ECP were smaller than those of common MBR processes and the composition(saccharide/protein) was kept constantly. In this study, 0.5~1.0m/d of flux and 400~900mg/L of MLSS were considered as the most recommendable operating condition for the reuse of weaving wastewater.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.670-676
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• 2006

Tea polysaccharide had high antioxidant activity and it could be used to cure diabetes. Antioxidant activity of tea poly-saccharide (TPS) from three kinds of tea (green tea, oolong tea and black tea) were compared, the result indicated that oolong tea polysaccharide (OTPS) had the highest antioxidant activity. In order to explicate the mechanism of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity, the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mice model (DM) was established. The influence of OTPS on blood-glucose, content of MDA and NO, and activities of GSH-PX, SOD, NOS in serum, kidney and liver were investigated. The result showed that after four weeks injection of OTPS to DM mice, the blood-glucose of three treatment group reduced by 14.5%,21.5% and 33.3%, respectively, comparing to the model control. The reduction effect of OTPS increased with the rise of dose. The activity of SOD and GSH-PX elevated significantly, while the activity of NOS decreased. The content of MDA and NO reduced significantly. The above results imply that antioxidant activity was enhanced. Comparing to XKW treatment, the effect of a dose of 300mg/(kg. bw) OTPS was much better. The research showed that the OTPS had a significant effect on reducing blood glucose, and could enhance the antioxidant activity of DM mice.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.201-212
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to find an effect of honey on the lipid metabolism of Sprague Dawley rats. All experimental rats were fed ad libitum, for seven weeks, 68% saccharide diet and 10% or 20% honey from acacia, sumac and miscelllaneous flower honey, respectively, and sucrose. The food efficiency ratio of rat taken diet with honey and high fructose of control group was increased in comparison with the control group. The concentration of cholesterol in serum of rats take총 diet with and high fructose of control group was more increased in comparison with the control and normal group. The concentration of H DL-cholesterol in serum of rats taken sumac honey was increased 57.0% in comparison with the control group, but the concentration of VLDL, LDL-cholesterol in serum of rats taken diet 10PA sumac honey was decreased 48.36% in comparison with the control group. The concentration of phospholipid in serum of rats taken diet with 20% acacia or 10% miscellaneous honey was increased 24.7, 16.25%, respectively, in comparison with the control group. The concentration of free fatty acid in serum of rats taken Inlet with sumac or miscellaneous honey and high fructose was increased in comparison with the comparison with the control group. The concentration supplemented diet with acasia honey was increase in comparison with the control group. The concentration of triglyceride in serum of rat was increased by feeding of honey. The concentration of triglyceride in liver was increased, but the level of phospholipid was decreased by feeding of honey.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.557-564
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Gastrodia elata extract on the quality characteristics of Non-glutinous rice porridge Jochung, saccharide by barley malt. Non-glutionous Rice Porridge Jochung with 0% (NGR1), 5% (NGR2), 10% (NGR3), 15% (NGR4) and 20% (NGR5) Gastrodia elata extract were produced. Moisture content and Solids content the interaction of two factors, the pH decreased with increasing Gastrodia elata extract concentration. Reducing sugar was significantly higher in groups containing Non-glutinous Rice Porridge Jochung (NGR) with Gastrodia elata extract added than the control group, especially the 15% NGR4 addition group with $1.22{\pm}0.02g/L$. Free acidity contents were 27.27 meq/kg control and 29.67~41.03 meq/kg among the samples with p<0.001. There were significant levels of total phenolics and TEAC found for the antioxidant activity of the Jochung samples with Gastrodia elata extract added. Increasing the ratio of Gastrodia elata Extract in Jochung tended to decrease color value. The results showed that Jochung containng less than 15% Gastrodia elata Extract gave the highest scores in quality characteristics and sensory evaluation.