• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 2011

According to the aging society, the housing environments of senior citizens who live alone are faced with social various problems. On the dwelling welfare, development of model for the silver house is necessary at the reducing of social expense. Particularly, the silver housing conditions of rural and fishing villages are poor than urban region. The results of this research are as follows. First, the senior citizens who live alone looked to an negative opinion about cohabitation of the aged, but the senior citizens who don't live alone and preliminary old man group showed a positive opinion to the regarding cohabitation. Second, Most of the aged was in poor health, On this account they expressed an opinion that they were opposite to the cohabitation opinion. Although considering health, simultaneous design of both private life and community life shall be reflected to the preferential design element in co-housing of the aged. Through these co-housing for the aged in rural and fishing village, the senior citizens who lives alone have prevented poor housing surroundings, loneliness, loss of role, uneasiness, gloomy, chronic disease.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.341-354
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• 2019

Urban agriculture, which promotes communication in vulnerable classes and the formation of social networks has been gaining attention with an emphasis on healthy city, elderly-friendly city, safe city and happy city as future keywords about urban life. There is a growing interest in public awareness in many areas such as health, society, economy, and ecology. As an attempt to improve the diversity of urban gardens, this study begins with collecting suitable crops for urban gardens from "Imwongyeongjeji (林園經濟志)," an encyclopedia written by Yoo-Ku Seo, a scholar in the 18-19th century. Out of those recorded in "Gwanhyuji (灌畦志)," 128 kinds of crops with linkage of the historical achievements of the realists who gave their priority to public welfare were selected and 53 crops which had traditionality, historicality, health functionality and popularity were finally selected. The properties (cold, warm, clam) of the selected crops were evenly distributed, and there was no crop that was hot and cool. In addition, the number of crops that have a sweet taste was the highest, followed by spicy and bitter, but there was no salty vegetable, which can be attributed to the fact that 12 namuls (wild vegetables) that grow in seas were excluded in this study since they were not suitable for urban gardens. Urban gardens can be transformed from those that focus on primary production and secondary consumption activities into a new resource that offers educational and traditional values by applying humanities to urban agriculture as a content resource in the era of cultural consilience and convergence. It is expected to satisfy urban residents' intellectual and participatory needs and to enhance the diversity and utility of urban gardens by applying traditional knowledge to a new model of urban agriculture. We hope that further research will be conducted to develop new types and models of urban agriculture going forward.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.69-78
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• 2012

Korean population has been rapidly aging. Most of people regard the aging population as future crisis due to the rate of change and agree to prepare for a soft-landing on aging society in South Korea. Particularly, the aging population growth in rural areas is much faster than urban areas. Also rural areas relatively have poorer social and economic conditions so the countermeasures for population aging considering related social and economic indices are required. Moreover, each rural region has the different preparedness level for rural aging based on regional socio-economic characteristics. In this study, we analyzed correlations of the rural aging rate and local characteristics and developed an evaluation index to show the regional preparedness status for rural aging. To test the applicability of developed indicators, we applied them to 161 rural regions and assessed regional preparedness level for rural aging. This study would provide basic data for establishing policies for rural aging.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.285-300
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• 2021

Background and objective: Rural migrants are an important human resource in urban and rural exchange (URE) business, therefore it is necessary to enhance their awareness and intent-to-participate. This study was to analyze the rural migrants' recognition and intent-to-participate of URE business and to propose the enhancement of them both. Methods: The questionnaire was designed to analyze the socio-demographic background, motivations, satisfaction with settlement, intent-to-persist, and intent-to-participate of URE business including tourism. The data of 144 respondents was subject to the statistical analysis. Results: The motives of migration were to enjoy leisure life after retirement, increased tiredness of city life, health problems, etc. The satisfaction with settlement was 3.67 at 5-point Likert scale. The intent-to-recommend and intent-to-publicize were 3.40 and 3.46, respectively. The intent-to-participate was 3.45, which was affected by the necessity of URE business and the support of central/local governments, and also showed a significant correlation with the satisfaction with settlement, intent-to-recommend, intent-to-publicize, tourism resources for green tourism or rural tourism, driving a car in Namhae county, and the service and price of meals. They thought the missions that the Namhae county office must focus on were to establish an internal/external public relations systems, establish a support system of central/local governments, and foster/support local leaders. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the satisfaction with settlement and intent-to-persist, expand exchanges with local people, improve internal/external public relations systems, foster/support leaders, improve transportation in the county, enhance the service and price of meals, and develop/operate URE programs including tourism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2008

There are many problems for the rural old peoples who to use the rural houses practically with physical and mental disabilities to make use of them because the rural houses have a tendency to look alike the urban houses. Today the rural old peoples are treated distantly by the boundary of national reserved power to make and activate their facilities, the shortness of their economically surplus power and the absence nationally social security system in spite of their physical and mental disabilities. So it is necessary for us to remodel symmetrically their rural houses to fit their physical and mental disabilities to spend comfortable living and to develop structure remodeling programs and space reorganization programs of the rural handicapped old peoples' houses to support independent life to correspond with their physical and mental disabilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2018

The rural areas are large residential space with fewer people than urban areas. That is why they are vulnerable to social services such as health care and security. This research analyzed the vulnerability of emergency relief service in rural village through text mining and the weighting value have been calculated. Based on the calculated statistics data, the police facilities are the most important, While the fire fighting and hospital facilities are important as well. In addition, the distance from the emergency relief service facility to the rural village was confirmed by using Open API. By combining these results, The vulnerable areas of the rural villages and the emergency relief service facilities were calculated and classified into 5 levels. For rural areas, the 1st class will have 33 places, following by 1,179 in 2nd class, 199 in 3rd class, 17 in 4th class and 8 in 5th class. Hence in order to further supplement the vulnerable areas to emergency relief service in villages, geographical relocation and policy approach of emergency relief service facilities are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.67-87
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• 1990

This study was designed with the purpose to analyze the bias and the factor structure of Need of Living and to clear the influence of related variables on Need on Living. The Degree of Importance(Di) and of sufficiency(Ds) of 65 indicators which were the constituent components of Need of Living and were extracted from the 51 preceeding studies was estimated by the 1084 samples including 614 urban and 470 rural residents through the questionaire. The indicators with higher Di and lower Ds than average were considered to show the high level of Need of Living. The main results are as follows; 1. Generally speaking, the level of Di was higher than that of Ds. Specially this was serious in the case of the indicators related with social-economic equity, employment, housing and environment. 2. Di level of the indicators such as physical health, judicial equality, the life of planned expenditure was highest. Specially the equity of income allocation was considered to be more important than the increase of income or asset itself. 3. Ds level of the indicators such as the life of plannel expenditure, the development of transportation and communication and the relationship between parents and children was highest, adn that of the use of leisure time, socialactivity, economic equality and social welfare was lowest. 4. Through the oblique rotation of Factor analysis, 12 factors were extracted (total eigen value 32.663, total variance 50.251%). Specially Factor 1 which was christened as the equality and development of social-economic life was related with 11 indicators and its common variance was 51.68%. 5. The rural residents, the lower income group and the lower educated group, who were told of being under disadvantage and unfair treatment of social-economic status, showed higher suffiency on the equity of income allocation, the freedom of living and expression, and judicial equality. 6. Generally speaking, the urban residents, the group under 39 years old, the higher educated group had more intensive Need of Living than the other groups.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 2012

Development of transportation and communication technology has affected our daily life and has caused to separate residential places from working places. Particularly in rural areas, the life zones are incorporated into larger towns or urban areas due to their lack of cultural, social and economic infrastructures. Thus, the analysis of the depended region and the life zone is important for the planning of regional revitalization programs and related project. The purpose of this study is to propose a regional dependency model (RDM) using the origin-destination(O-D) matrix of commuters and compare it with the Nystuen & Dacey model for regional correlation. The regional characteristics are analysed and our RDM were tested using the commuting data on Seoul metropolitan area(Seoul, Gyeong-gi, Incheon) and Chungchung area. The regional correlation model can only explain the determination of regional interaction without considering the direction of regional correlation but our model can show the direction of regional dependencies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.197-217
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• 2006

This study examined whether a relationship between retirement transitions and psychological well-being of the elderly may differ by gender and residential areas, and whether associative factors of psychological well-being may vary by gender and residential areas. The sample included 1,124 older adults aged 60 and over, which derived from the first wave and the third wave data of the "Aging and the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Korea: A Longitudinal Study" living in Seoul and Chuncheon. The total sample was divided into four sub-samples(urban male elders, rural male elders, urban female elders, and rural female elders) to answer research questions. Psychological well-being was measured by measured by the PGCMS developed by Lawton, and a retirement variable had four categories: being continuously non-retired, newly retired, newly non-retired, and being continuously retired with a reference group of being continuously non-retired. Multivariate OLS regression was run separately for the four groups. For urban male elders, retirement transition was associated with worse psychological well-being whereas no relationship between retirement transitions and psychological well-being was found for rural male elders, urban female elders, and rural female elders. Associative factors of psychological well-being varied by gender and residential areas. The findings implies that a relationship between retirement transitions and psychological well-being of the elderly may differ by gender and residential areas, and these differential effects of retirement transitions may be attributable to different life experiences and economic activities through a life course and different roles after retirement. Also, different associative factors of psychological well-being for the four sub-samples reflect variations in their different life course.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.109-122
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• 2013

The rapid rural urban migration and aging has generated an over-depopulation problems in rural areas since the 1980s. The purpose of this study constructs the marginal size of rural over-depopulated village through the analysis of the residential disparities such as farmer's ratio, basic life service accessibility, and levels of social and economic factors for each village community. This marginal scale could support evaluating diverse rural policies, which have been planned to apply to the rural development programs at the village level. The major challenges for over-depopulated villages are the lack of basic facilities, production infrastructures and inactive communities in the village. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of rural residential disparities according to rural village scale can provide the criteria for rural over-depopulated villages. We utilized Korea Agricultural Survey Data(2010) including specific residential condition of village level. The present study adopt multinomial-logit model for quantitative analysis of different village scales and decomposition techniques to separate the direct effect by the village scale factor from the endowment effects by regional or area characteristics, and residual effect by unknown factors. The present study found that the minimum scale of a rural over-depopulated village was 40 and 60 houses for the respective conditions of farmer's ratios less than 50% and greater than 75%. It was concluded based on the study findings that threshold scale could support evaluating the diverse rural policies, which have been planned to apply to the rural development programs at the village level.