• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2015

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of gender role identity on major choice, and preference and choice of job for applicants of dental hygiene department. Methods: The subjects were 202 high school girl students visiting K university in October, 2014 and in January, 2015 for the interview of early and regular admission to the university. The questionnaire consisted of 3 questions of general characteristics of the subjects, 40 questions of gender role identity, and 6 questions of career choice factors. Gender role identity included 15 questions of masculinity, 15 questions of feminity, and 10 questions of neutral gender using instrument of Kim by Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha of masculinity, feminity, and neutral gender was 0.810, 0.762, and 0.801 respectively. The data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test with SPSS Win 12.0. Results: The effects of gender role identity on major choice and professionalism were as follows. In major choice motivation, psychological type, feminity type and masculinity types selected aptitude, professional sustainability and recommendation by acquaintance in order, but undifferentiated type selected aptitude, recommendation by acquaintance and professional sustainability in order. There was a statistically significant difference(p<0.05). In major choice information, psychological, feminity and undifferentiated types prefer indirect experience but masculinity type prefers direct experience. There was a statistically significant difference(p<0.05) In job selection, psychological, feminity and undifferentiated types want to do assistant works rather than oral health prevention and education. Masculinity type want to do oral health prevention and education rather than assistant work. There was a statistically significant difference(p<0.001). Conclusions: The gender role identity affected the factors related to choice of major and job in dental hygiene major applicants. It is necessary to provide the career choice program for the high school students by personality types and gender role identity types.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the perception of parental sex role held by university students and to examine differences in perception of parental sex role according to student characteristics. Method: The participants were 336 university students in Gangreung city. The instrument of parental sex role was developed by the researcher and consisted of 3 subcategories; general parent role, parental sex role as a father and parental sex role as a mother. Results: The most positive item of parental sex role as a father is 'the Father's role is teaching about the value of society'. The most positive item of parental sex role as a mother is 'the Mother's role is to be a counselor or friend'. There were significant differences in perception of a father's role according to sex, type of college, fathers who lived with student during childhood, the relationship with the parent, the plan of marriage & having a child, responsibility of childrearing, and the need for education for the parental role. There were significant differences in perception of the mother's role according to sex, grade, type of college, birth order, type of family, persons who lived with student during childhood, the relationship with the parent, plan of marriage & having a child, responsibility of child-rearing, and the need for education for the parental role. Conclusion: The parental sex role changes overtime. Thus, it is important to identify university student's perception of parental sex roles as pre-parent preparation for parenting.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1003-1012
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• 2007

Purpose: The role of sex role identity types and health promoting behaviors in relation to premenstrual symptoms and interrelatedness among the three variables were examined. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was employed with 327 female university students. KSRI, HPLP, and MDQ were used as measurement tools. Results: Four types of sex role identities were classified; undifferentiated(33.7%), androgyny (32.7%), masculinity(16.8%), and femininity(16.8%) in order. Premenstrual symptoms(F=3.11, p= .027) and health promoting behaviors(F=12.74, p= .000) were significantly different by sex role identity types. As determinants of premenstrual symptoms, health promoting behaviors for all subjects, stress coping for the feminine type, and interpersonal relationships for the undifferentiated type were identified. In discriminating between the feminine type and undifferentiated type, premenstrual symptoms and self responsibility were shown as significant factors. Conclusion: Interrelatedness among sex role identity, health promoting behaviors and premenstrual symptoms imply the importance of a psychosocial aspect in premenstrual symptoms. Therefore, these three variables should be applied more specifically for nursing assessment and management of women having premenstrual symptoms.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.468-478
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among sexual contact, sex role identification, and self esteem in Korean girls' high school students. Methods: The data were collected from 522 girls, who were stratified samples from a target population of 63,375 11th grade students from 200 regular high schools and 70 vocational high schools in Seoul, Korea from June 22 to July 18, 2002. Data were processed with the SAS program. Results: It was found that 42.51% of girls haven't experienced any sexual contact at all. The highest frequency in the final level of sexual contact was 'kiss', which was 22.03%. The 'androgyny' type among sex role identities of girls was most common, 32.57%, being followed by the 'undifferentiated' type 31.61%, the 'masculinity' type 18.97%, and the 'femininity' type 16.86, in that order. The sexual contacts such as 'holding hands', 'arms around', 'embracing', and 'kiss' were significantly different depending on sex role identity types. The score for self-esteem was significantly different depending on sex role identity types. The score for self- esteem was not significantly different depending on the final level of sexual contact. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, sex education programs should be developed in order to delay the sexual contacts of girls.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.260-269
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• 2013

오늘날 남성노인들은 급변하는 세태에 적응해가면서 성역할정체감의 위기를 경험할 수 있으므로 이들의 관점에서 성역할정체감을 이해하기 위해 그 유형과 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 주관적이고 개별화된 경험으로서의 성역할정체감을 확인하기 위해 Q 방법론을 적용하였다. 남성성과 여성성을 나타내는 40개의 Q표본을 이용하여 40명의 남성노인을 대상으로 자료 수집 및 분석을 실시하였다. 남성노인의 성역할정체감은 다음 네 가지 다양한 유형으로 확인되었다. 파워 표출형은 전통적인 남성성의 특성을 나타내는 유형으로 일을 추진함에 있어서 박력이 있으며 용감하고 지배적인 성향으로 카리스마를 겉으로 표출한다. 파워 과묵형 남성노인은 독립심이 강하고 소신이 있으나 이를 드러내기 보다는 묵묵히 행동으로 표현하는 성향을 지니고 있다. 파워 온정형 남성노인은 추진력 있게 큰 일을 잘 처리하며, 부드러운 성향의 소유자이다. 온정 돌봄형 남성노인은 가정과 아이를 돌보는 것에 보람을 느끼며, 남을 먼저 생각하는 이해심과 참을성이 있으며, 유순하고 부드러운 속성을 지니고 있다. 본 연구에서 분류된 노년기 남성의 성역할정체감 유형에 대한 결과를 바탕으로 성역할정체감 유형 별 심리사회적 적응양상, 건강행위, 신체 건강과 정신건강상태에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2007

The recent type of dysfunctional family is caused not only by the loss of a family member, which is the traditional type of dysfunction, but also by the absence of a functional aspect. In order for a family to function healthily, it is necessary to have the right child rearing by the parents and the right parental role. Accordingly, this study is to identify the difference in stress from child rearing and the parental role in dysfunctional families, which have been increasing enormously in recent times. With this aim, 45 persons from dysfunctional families owing to divorce, 51 persons from other dysfunctional families, and 48 persons from general families were subject to a test about stress from child rearing and the parental role. As a result, for stress from child rearing, mothers in dysfunctional families perceived stress from child rearing more highly than ones in general families; and also for parental role, the level of parental role was proven lower for mothers in dysfunctional families than ones in general families.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1871-1879
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• 2015

The complex roles of flagella in the pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni, a major cause of worldwide foodborne diarrheal disease, are important. Compared with the wild-type, an insertional mutation of the flgA gene (cj0769c) demonstrated significant decrease in the biofilm formation of C. jejuni NCTC11168 on major food contact surfaces, such as polystyrene, stainless steel, and borosilicate glass. The flgA mutant was completely devoid of flagella and non-motile whereas the wild-type displayed the full-length flagella and motility. In addition, the biofilm formation of the wild-type was inversely dependent on the viscosity of the media. These results support that flagellar-mediated motility plays a significant role in the biofilm formation of C. jejuni NCTC11168. Moreover, our adhesion assay suggests that it plays an important role during biofilm maturation after initial attachment. Furthermore, C. jejuni NCTC11168 wild-type formed biofilm with a net-like structure of extracellular fiber-like material, but such a structure was significantly reduced in the biofilm of the flgA mutant. It supports that the extracellular fiber-like material may play a significant role in the biofilm formation of C. jejuni. This study demonstrated that flgA is essential for flagellar biosynthesis and motility, and plays a significant role in the biofilm formation of C. jejuni NCTC11168.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.25-42
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of wives' economic contributions and sex-role attitudes on couples' decision-making for use in family education and to improve stable couple relationships. This study targeted 286 married women who have a child or children. The main results of this study indicate that almost half of the participants showed that their couple decision-making, economic resource contributions and sex-role attitudes were husband-dominated. Additionally, the participants' most modern sex-role attitudes were toward gender stereotypes, though the most conservative attitudes were toward women and men's household lives. The variables that distinguished between husband-dominated and equality couples were age, education level, spouse's average income and resource evaluation; related, age, education level, spouse's average income, contribution toward household management and the occupational life of the woman were the variables that distinguished between husband-dominated and wife-dominated couples. This study also revealed the variables that affect couples' decision- making, demonstrating the necessity of considering several variables in the approach to the decision-making process of individual couples.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2011

Type 1 diabetes is one of the classical examples of organ-specific autoimmune diseases characterized by lymphocytic infiltration or inflammation in pancreatic islets called 'insulitis'. In contrast, type 2 diabetes has been traditionally regarded as a metabolic disorder with a pathogenesis that is totally different from that of type 1 diabetes. However, recent investigation has revealed contribution of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition to type 2 diabetes, the role of chronic inflammation is being appreciated in a wide variety of metabolic disorders such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we will cover the role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders with an emphasis on NLRP3.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2009

Although extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ entry through the voltage-dependent $Ca^{2+}$ channels plays an important role in the spontaneous phasic contractions of the pregnant rat myometrium, the role of the T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels has yet to be fully identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel in the spontaneous phasic contractions of the rat myometrium. Spontaneous phasic contractions and $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ were measured simultaneously in the longitudinal strips of female Sprague-Dawley rats late in their pregnancy (on day 18 ${\sim}$ 20 of gestation: term=22 days). The expression of T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel mRNAs or protein levels was measured. Cumulative addition of low concentrations (< 1 ${\mu}M$) of nifedipine, a L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker, produced a decrease in the amplitude of the spontaneous $Ca^{2+}$ transients and contractions with no significant change in frequency. The mRNAs and proteins encoding two subunits (${\alpha}$ 1G, ${\alpha}$ 1H) of the T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels were expressed in longitudinal muscle layer of rat myometrium. Cumulative addition of mibefradil, NNC 55-0396 or nickel induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of the amplitude and frequency of the spontaneous $Ca^{2+}$ transients and contractions. Mibefradil, NNC 55-0396 or nickel also attenuated the slope of rising phase of spontaneous $Ca^{2+}$ transients consistent with the reduction of the frequency. It is concluded that T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels are expressed in the pregnant rat myometrium and may play a key role for the regulation of the frequency of spontaneous phasic contractions.