• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5725-5728
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• 2012

Growing evidence shows that deregulation of the circadian clock plays an important role in the development of malignant tumors, including gliomas. However, the molecular mechanisms of gene chnages controlling circadian rhythm in glioma cells have not been explored. Using real time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry techniques, we examined the expression of two important clock genes, cry1 and cry2, in 69 gliomas. In this study, out of 69 gliomas, 38 were cry1-positive, and 51 were cry2-positive. The expression levels of cry1 and cry2 in glioma cells were significantly different from the surrounding non-glioma cells (P<0.01). The difference in the expression rate of cry1 and cry 2 in high-grade (grade III and IV) and low-grade (grade 1 and II) gliomas was non-significant (P>0.05) but there was a difference in the intensity of immunoactivity for cry 2 between high-grade gliomas and low-grade gliomas (r=-0.384, P=0.021). In this study, we found that the expression of cry1 and cry2 in glioma cells was much lower than in the surrounding non-glioma cells. Therefore, we suggest that disturbances in cry1 and cry2 expression may result in the disruption of the control of normal circadian rhythm, thus benefiting the survival of glioma cells. Differential expression of circadian clock genes in glioma and non-glioma cells may provide a molecular basis for the chemotherapy of gliomas.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.56-68
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• 1993

The primary school age are important period that the children exchange the deciduous teeth for permanent teeth, there are so many outbreak of dental caries which is major oral diseases periodontal disease begins, and malocclusion may be brought about. The purpose of this study is to suggest the fundamental data for enforcement of dental health in primary school age as analyzing the curriculum contents and amount on dental health in primary school course. The data were investigated from 103 volumes of 139 textbooks of second semester in 1992 and first semester i 1993 except some subjects that the quantitative analysis is impossible such as arithmetic a problem in arithmetic, observation, music, fine arts and so on. The contents of all textbooks were analyzed separating into paragraph and picture, the contents for dental health were classified into amount, item, teaching method. The results are as follows: 1) The paragraphs on public health were 3.992 among total paragraphs 69,789 as 5.72%. And the picture were 7.41% as 923 pieces of total 12,457 ones. 2) For dental health, there were 73 paragraphs of 69.789 ones (0.10%) and 42 pieces of 12.457 pictures (0.34%). 3) According to the investigation of curriculum that had the paragraphs related to dental health the most, it turned out to be in order of physical education nature. Right life story, and right life story, righ life, physical education for the picture. And for the grade, it appeared to be in order of sixth, third first grade for the paragraphs and first, third, sixth grade for the pictures. 4) In the attitude and knowledge of item for dental health by grade, it turned out that the paragraph was 76.71%, the behaviour was 23.29%. On the other hand, the knowledge was 35.17% and the attitude was 64.28% for the picture. 5) At the commentary of curriculum in primary school, the goal of health education by each grade was just keep clean and strong teeth, know the role of teeth and the cause of dacayed teeth, and prevent it in second and third grade.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8847-8853
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to establish the expression and localization of E-cadherin and ${\beta}$-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) so that we could correlate the findings with prognostic-relevant histopathological variables. E-cadherin and ${\beta}$-catenin expression in normal oral epithelia and in oral squamous cell carcinomas was examined immunohistochemically, and associations with histopathological differentiation and prognosis were then analyzed in 33 patients who had been operated on for OSCC. E-cadherin expression was found in (82%) of the squamous cells of well differentiated OSCC, (61%) of moderately differentiated and (39%) of poorly differentiated. E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with histological grade (p=0.000). No nuclear staining was detected. In (19.5%) of the cells E-cadherin localized in the cytoplasm, with no correlation to the histological grade (p=0.106). ${\beta}$-Catenin expression was found in 87% of the squamous cells of well differentiated OSCC, 67% of moderately differentiated and 43% of poorly differentiated, the expression was significantly associated with histological grade (p=0.000). the nuclear ${\beta}$-Catenin expression appeared in 3.3% of the cells and it was correlated to the histological grade (p=0.000). In (23.5%) of the cells ${\beta}$-Catenin localized in the cytoplasm, with correlation to the histological grade (p=0.002). According to this study the expression of ${\beta}$-catenin and E-cadherin were independent prognostic factors for histological grade. E-cadherin was closely linked to ${\beta}$-catenin expression in OSCC (p=0.000) and to tumor differentiation. That reflects a structural association and the role of both in tumor progression.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the longitudinal mediating effects of peer attachment on the relationship between psychological school environment and children's sense of community. Data on 1,088 children were obtained from the 10^th, 11^th, and 13^th Panel Study on Korean Children in the 3rd 4th, and 6th grades. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach's α, Pearson's correlation, a latent growth model, and a multivariate latent growth model. All analyses were conducted in SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0. The principal results were as follows. First, children's peer attachment gradually decreased over time. Moreover, individual differences existed in the initial values and rates of change. Second, the psychological school environment in the 3rd grade positively influenced children's initial peer attachment, which then exerted a positive impact on children's sense of community in the 6th grade. Second, the psychological school environment in the 3rd grade negatively influenced children's rates of change, which also exerted a positive impact on children's sense of community in the 6th grade. Finally, the initial value and rates of change of peer attachment were significant mediating effects of the relationship between the psychological school environment in the 3rd grade and children's sense of community in the 6th grade. The findings highlight the necessity of creating a psychological school environment that develops peer attachment and a sense of community among children.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2003

Purposes of this study were 1) to identify the level of role expectation and role performance for school health educators as elementary school students recognize and to compare them, and 2) to examine differences in the role expectation and performance by characteristics of students and educators. Subjects of the study were 1,433 6th grade students at 37 elementary schools in Busan. The data were collected by a structured self-administered questionnaire, measuring role expectation and performance that students recognize. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA by SPSS program. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Students' level of recognizing the role expectation was high(M=4.08) and level of the role performance was moderate to high(M=3.50) within range of 1 to 5. The students recognized role expectation greater than role performance. 2. The students' point of view for role expectation and performance for school health educators were related to several characteristics of students and school health educators. Students' levels of recognizing the role expectation and performance were higher when students were male, healthy, their academic performance was high, their level of satisfaction with their school life was high, and their level of satisfaction with using school health office was high. With characteristics of School health educators, students' level of appreciating the role expectation was higher when educators were of an older age and had a long career, and when they were fairly satisfied with their job as an educator. Students' level of recognizing the role performance was higher when educators were of a younger age, and had a small number of students at school. This indicates that there exists role conflict on students and implies that the conflict needs to be mediated, and desirable solutions to address the conflict need to be developed by school health educators.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.327-341
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• 2016

This study explores the effective visual resources in the “regularity in chemical reactions” unit of ninth grade science textbooks (2009 revised version). The frequency and role of visual resources were initially examined, and the students’ perceptions of visual resources were investigated. The results of the analysis represented the learning material presentation (68%), motivational categories (14%), guide to inquiry procedures (9%), and inquiry results and summaries (8%). According to the investigation of the students’ perceptions of visual resources, the most effective visual resource for motivation is a photograph depicting physical and chemical changes, such as in bread baking and the most effective for learning material presentations in mass conservation, definite proportion, and stoichiometric concept units were a cartoon, graph, and formula representing stoichiometric phenomena, respectively. The most effective resource for guide to inquiry (experimental) procedures were photographs of both instruments and sequential experiment processes; and in the inquiry results and summary category, incomplete tables and graphs for students to work on themselves. The aims of this research are to increase the usefulness of visual resources in the teaching-learning activity and provide informative supplements for the development and improvement of visual resources, according to the students’ perceptions.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.468-478
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among sexual contact, sex role identification, and self esteem in Korean girls' high school students. Methods: The data were collected from 522 girls, who were stratified samples from a target population of 63,375 11th grade students from 200 regular high schools and 70 vocational high schools in Seoul, Korea from June 22 to July 18, 2002. Data were processed with the SAS program. Results: It was found that 42.51% of girls haven't experienced any sexual contact at all. The highest frequency in the final level of sexual contact was 'kiss', which was 22.03%. The 'androgyny' type among sex role identities of girls was most common, 32.57%, being followed by the 'undifferentiated' type 31.61%, the 'masculinity' type 18.97%, and the 'femininity' type 16.86, in that order. The sexual contacts such as 'holding hands', 'arms around', 'embracing', and 'kiss' were significantly different depending on sex role identity types. The score for self-esteem was significantly different depending on sex role identity types. The score for self- esteem was not significantly different depending on the final level of sexual contact. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, sex education programs should be developed in order to delay the sexual contacts of girls.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.436-447
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the educational effect among nursing students who performed the patient role in women's health nursing simulations. Methods: In this exploratory qualitative study, a sample of 31 third- and fourth-grade nursing students who participated in scenario-based patient roles in clinical performance examination of the women's health nursing simulation practice training. Data were collected through focus group interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from the data analysis. Participants experienced an enhancement of patient-centered nursing competence, deep learning immersion and display of self-regulated learning. The difficulty of performing the patient role contributed additional effects such as the difficulty to perform the patient role in the psychological training environment. Conclusion: It is recommended to utilize nursing students as patients in simulation practice training. On the other hand, the psychological training environment can cause difficulties in performing patient roles, a burden on the role of the patient, and involves the interruption of the role.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2019

Objectives: This purpose of this study was to examine the level of communication and clinical skills of Korean medical students according to the participatory method of role playing during medical education. Methods: A total of 100 fourth grade students from the Korean Medical College of Dongshin University in 2018 and 2019 were divided into two groups: Role players and scenario writers. After performing their role-playing, they were asked to complete questionnaires regarding two categories-communication and clinical skills-, consisting of 10 items. Results: 1. Communication skills were measured at approximately 80% of the expected level, and the level difference was shown in detail. 2. Clinical skills were measured at approximately 75% of the expected level, and the level difference was shown in detail. 3. The level of communication skills and the level of clinical skills according to the participatory method did not differ significantly. Conclusions: Writing scenarios in role playing can be observed as having the same effect on communication and clinical skill levels as acting.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the impacts of professional socialization perceived by nursing students on role conflict and professional self-concept. Methods: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 683 nursing students. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression were conducted using SAS program. Results: The mean score of total professional socialization was 3.74 followed by the scores of 'independence', 3.98, 'commitment', 3.80, 'decision making', 3.60, and 'maturity', 3.53. The mean score of total role conflict was 3.72, and professional self-concept was 2.75. Total professional socialization, commitment, and independence perceived by nursing students were positively related to role conflict. Also total professional socialization and total subcategories of professional socialization were positively related to professional self-concept. As a result of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the key determinants of role conflict were found to be 'independence', 'motivation with admission', 'sex', 'desire with working', 'grade' and 'decision making'. The key determinants of professional self-concept were 'decision making', 'commitment', 'satisfaction about nursing', and 'interpersonal relationship'. Conclusion: Through this results, it is necessary to improve professional socialization in order to increase professional self-concept among nursing students.