• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.141-170
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• 2010

User created content (UCC) is created and shared by common users on line. From the user's perspective, the increase of UCCs has led to an expansion of alternative means of communications, while from the business perspective UCCs have formed an environment in which an abundant amount of new contents can be produced. Despite outward quantitative growth, however, many aspects of UCCs do not meet the expectations of general users in terms of quality, and this can be observed through pirated contents and user-copied contents. The purpose of this research is to investigate effective methods for fostering production of creative user-generated content. This study proposes two core elements, namely, reward and motivation, which are believed to enhance content creativity as well as the mediating factor and users' committement, which will be effective for bridging the increasing motivation and content creativity. Based on this perspective, this research takes an in-depth look at issues related to constructing the dimensions of reward and motivation in UCC services for creative content product, which are identified in three phases. First, three dimensions of rewards have been proposed: task dimension, social dimension, and organizational dimention. The task dimension rewards are related to the inherent characteristics of a task such as writing blog articles and pasting photos. Four concrete ways of providing task-related rewards in UCC environments are suggested in this study, which include skill variety, task significance, task identity, and autonomy. The social dimensioni rewards are related to the connected relationships among users. The organizational dimension consists of monetary payoff and recognition from others. Second, the two types of motivations are suggested to be affected by the diverse rewards schemes: intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation occurs when people create new UCC contents for its' own sake, whereas extrinsic motivation occurs when people create new contents for other purposes such as fame and money. Third, commitments are suggested to work as important mediating variables between motivation and content creativity. We believe commitments are especially important in online environments because they have been found to exert stronger impacts on the Internet users than other relevant factors do. Two types of commitments are suggested in this study: emotional commitment and continuity commitment. Finally, content creativity is proposed as the final dependent variable in this study. We provide a systematic method to measure the creativity of UCC content based on the prior studies in creativity measurement. The method includes expert evaluation of blog pages posted by the Internet users. In order to test the theoretical model of our study, 133 active blog users were recruited to participate in a group discussion as well as a survey. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire on their commitment, motivation and rewards of creating UCC contents. At the same time, their creativity was measured by independent experts using Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Finally, two independent users visited the study participants' blog pages and evaluated their content creativity using the Creative Products Semantic Scale. All the data were compiled and analyzed through structural equation modeling. We first conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to validate the measurement model of our research. It was found that measures used in our study satisfied the requirement of reliability, convergent validity as well as discriminant validity. Given the fact that our measurement model is valid and reliable, we proceeded to conduct a structural model analysis. The results indicated that all the variables in our model had higher than necessary explanatory powers in terms of R-square values. The study results identified several important reward shemes. First of all, skill variety, task importance, task identity, and automony were all found to have significant influences on the intrinsic motivation of creating UCC contents. Also, the relationship with other users was found to have strong influences upon both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Finally, the opportunity to get recognition for their UCC work was found to have a significant impact on the extrinsic motivation of UCC users. However, different from our expectation, monetary compensation was found not to have a significant impact on the extrinsic motivation. It was also found that commitment was an important mediating factor in UCC environment between motivation and content creativity. A more fully mediating model was found to have the highest explanation power compared to no-mediation or partially mediated models. This paper ends with implications of the study results. First, from the theoretical perspective this study proposes and empirically validates the commitment as an important mediating factor between motivation and content creativity. This result reflects the characteristics of online environment in which the UCC creation activities occur voluntarily. Second, from the practical perspective this study proposes several concrete reward factors that are germane to the UCC environment, and their effectiveness to the content creativity is estimated. In addition to the quantitive results of relative importance of the reward factrs, this study also proposes concrete ways to provide the rewards in the UCC environment based on the FGI data that are collected after our participants finish asnwering survey questions. Finally, from the methodological perspective, this study suggests and implements a way to measure the UCC content creativity independently from the content generators' creativity, which can be used later by future research on UCC creativity. In sum, this study proposes and validates important reward features and their relations to the motivation, commitment, and the content creativity in UCC environment, which is believed to be one of the most important factors for the success of UCC and Web 2.0. As such, this study can provide significant theoretical as well as practical bases for fostering creativity in UCC contents.

• 한국데이타베이스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이타베이스학회 2002년도 추계 컨퍼런스: 기업경쟁력 강화를 위한 디지털 컨텐츠 및 정보기술 컨퍼런스
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• pp.252-293
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• 2002

Increasing Administrative Complexity. External Pressure for Efficiency. Internal Pressure for Effectiveness. Workers want: - more reward - Less stress. (omitted)

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.140-141
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• 2005

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.45-65
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 호텔기업의 서비스지향성이 경쟁우위와 CRM성과에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해서 수도권 소재의 특급호텔을 중심으로 현장에서 서비스를 제공하는 직원들을 대상으로 설문조사하여 최종표본 379매를 가지고 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 서비스지향성 요인인 종업원의 권한, 서비스훈련, 서비스보상 등은 경쟁우위에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히 경쟁우위를 결정하는 가장 중요한 요인은 서비스보상, 서비스훈련, 종업원의 권한 순으로 나타났다. 이는 호텔기업에 종사하는 종업원들이 명확한 보상시스템이 없이는 자발적 서비스행동과 서비스품질제공이 쉽지 않다는 것을 의미한다. 이는 서비스훈련 프로그램을 만드는 시점에서 훈련당사자인 종업원들의 참여와 기대되는 보상수준 정도를 사전협의하고 공개하는 것이 경쟁우위확보를 위해 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 경쟁우위 확보는 고객과의 결속관계, 기업이미지, 고객충성도인 CRM성과에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였다. 이것은 기존 연구에서 주로 밝힌 서비스지향성이 재무적 성과에 영향을 준다는 것 외에 정성적인 CRM성과에도 영향을 주고 있음을 확인한 것이다. 이를 위해 호텔기업은 정량적 재무성과 이외에도 고객 개개인의 정성적인 부분에 관심을 기울여야 하고 경쟁우위 확보를 위한 전략구축이 필요하다는 것을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.803-815
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of subjective well-being in adolescents and to help improve it by investigating the relationship among adolescents' temperaments, perceived parenting affective attitude and subjective well-being. For this study, the subjects were 354 students from 4 different middle schools in Gwang-ju, Korea. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted by means of the SPSS 21.0 program using Pearson's correlations and hierarchical regression. The results are as follows: First, the temperament and perceived parenting affective attitude were correlated with subjective well-being. Among the temperament traits, novelty seeking and harm avoidance showed negative correlations with subjective well-being, whereas affection, reward dependence and persistence showed positive correlations with subjective well-being. Second, after the mediating effect of perceived affection on subjective well-being was confirmed, three temperament traits, viz. harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, were identified as mediating factors. The conclusion of this study is that adolescents' temperament and perceived parenting affective attitude are related to their subjective well-being and can also predict their subjective well-being. Harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, which are inborn temperaments, affect subjective well-being. Affection, which is a perceived parenting affective attitude trait, affects subjective well-being as a mediation variable. This study also suggests that it is more effective to influence perceived parenting affective attitude, which has growth potential, rather than temperaments which are hard to change.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.13-32
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• 2019

Purposes: This research is an empirical research to analyze the effect of self-leadership on the job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior and the mediating effect of psychological capital. Methods: This research investigates the effect of self-leadership and psychological capital on job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior of public health workers. The analysis was carried out to 4 local medical staffs in Chungcheongnam-do province, which distributed 330 copies and recovered 313 copies (94.8% recovery) and analyzed 304 copies (effective response rate 92.1%). Findings: First, causality was found in self-leadership and psychological capital. Second, it was found to have a significant effect on psychological capital and job satisfaction. Third, psychological capital was found to have a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Fourth, psychological capital has a positive effect on both Self-leadership's behavior-oriented strategy, natural reward strategy, and strategic thinking pattern strategy. In the job satisfaction relationship, there was a partial mediating effect. Fifth, psychological capital has a positive effect on both self-leadership and organizational citizenship behavioral behavior-oriented strategy, natural reward strategy, and strategic thinking pattern strategy. The organizational citizenship behavioral relationship was found to have a partial mediating effect. Practical Implications: Taken together, the results indicate that the members of the four public health care organizations run by Chungcheongnam-do have a high weight on the natural reward strategy of achieving job satisfaction through the pleasures of doing their favorite activities or jobs.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2015

본 연구는 유아교사의 직무요인이 직무만족에 미치는 연구로 기관유형에 따른 조절효과분석을 통해 시사점을 도출하는데 연구목적을 두었다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 선행연구를 토대로 유아교사의 직무만족에 대한 변인으로 교사효능감, 감성지능, 동료관계, 보상체계의 관계에 대한 인과모형을 설정한 다음 설문조사를 통하여 실증적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구결과는 유아교사의 교사효능감, 감성지능, 동료관계, 보상체계가 직무만족에 미치는 영향에서는 보상체계가 가장 높게 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었고, 감성지능, 동료관계, 교사효능감의 순으로 나타났다. 기관유형에 따른 조절효과 분석에서는 감성지능은 유치원과 어린이집에 따라 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 교사효능감, 동료관계, 보상체계는 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 유아교사의 직무만족을 효과적으로 달성할 수 있는 방안 모색의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2005

This study examined the antecedents of psychological empowerment at hospital organizations, and also examined their differential effects among occupational groups within hospitals: doctors, nurses, engineers, and administrative workers. Various variables for multi-level factors were examined as antecedents: tenure, income, work centrality, and career goal as personal factors, job variety, job clarity, job significance, and job fitness as job factors, and security, reward justice, and organizational support as organizational factors. Data were collected from 8 national university hospitals, and 1,289 data were used for final analysis. For the whole groups, all antecedents except reward justice had significant effects on, and explained large amount of variance of empowerment. Results from the analysis for each occupational group showed that income, career goal, and job significance had significant effects on empowerment at all occupational groups, while reward justice had not at any groups. The effects of other variables depended on occupational groups. 1bis study found some important antecedents of empowerment which have been less considered in previous research: career goal, work centrality, security, and organizational support. The finding that differential effects of antecedents on empowerment by occupational groups suggests that group characteristics should be considered for studying empowerment. In this study, for example, personal factors rather than both job factors and organizational factors were more effective for empowerment in the engineering group whose job is relatively simple and clear, while job factors were most effective in other groups. The differential effects of antecedents on empowerment by occupational groups also have practical implications for improvement of empowerment at hospitals. For empowerment, personnel management efforts would be more required for administrative workers than other occupational groups, because they perceived least job clarity, job significance, job fitness among the groups, all of which were found to be important determinants of empowerment for them.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-60
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 프랜차이즈시스템에서 가맹점의 공정성에 영향을 미치는 선행요인과 결과요인에 관해 규명하는 것이다. 선행요인으로는 지원, 보상, 의사소통을 결과요인으로는 결속, 수익성을 살펴보았다. 국내 대표적인 외식업체인 N프랜차이즈 가맹점 120곳을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행한 뒤, 공변량 구조분석을 실시한 결과, 프랜차이즈 본부의 운영전략 중 지원과 보상은 가맹점의 공정성 지각 중 분배공정성에는 정(正)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 절차공정성에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 의사소통은 분배공정성, 절차공정성 모두 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 가맹점의 공정성 지각 중 분배공정성과 절차공정성은 프랜차이즈시스템 관제성과 변수인 결속에는 모두 정(正)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 수익성에는 분배공정성만 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.829-833
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• 2016

Purpose: To investigate the work associated stress and nicotine dependence among law enforcement personnel in Mangalore, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among law enforcement personnel in Mangalore, India. Demographic details, stress factors experienced at work and nicotine dependency were the variables studied. The extent of stress factors experienced at work was assessed using the Effort-Reward Imbalance scale (ERI). Nicotine dependence was measured using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence-Smokeless Tobacco (FTND-ST). Logistic regression was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Three hundred and four law enforcement personnel participated in the study, among whom 68 had the presence of one or more habits like tobacco smoking, tobacco chewing and alcohol use. The mean effort score was $15.8{\pm}4.10$ and the mean reward and mean overcommitment scores were $36.4{\pm}7.09$ and $17.8{\pm}5.32$ respectively. Effort/Reward ratio for the total participants was 1.0073 and for those with nicotine habit was 1.0850. Results of our study demonstrated no significant association between domains of ERI scale and presence of habits but work associated stress was associated with the presence of one or more habits. Compared to constables, head constables had 1.12 times higher risk of having a nicotine habit. Conclusions: Our study implies job designation is associated with nicotine habits. However, there was no association between work associated stress and nicotine dependence among law enforcement personnel in Mangalore.