• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.841-851
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• 2013

The infectious information hiding system(IIHS) is proposed for secure distribution of high quality video contents by applying optimized watermark embedding and detection algorithms to video codecs. And the watermark as infectious information is transmitted while target video is displayed or edited by codecs. This paper proposes a fast and effective reversible watermarking and infectious information generation for IIHS. Our reversible watermarking scheme enables video decoder to control video quality and watermark strength actively for by adding control code and expiration date with the watermark. Also, we designed our scheme with low computational complexity to satisfy it's real-time processing in a video codec, and to prevent time or frame delay during watermark detection and video restoration, we embedded one watermark and one side information within a macro-block. Experimental results verify that our scheme satisfy real-time watermark embedding and detection and watermark error is 0% after reversible watermark detection. Finally, we conform that the quality of restored video contens is almost same with compressed video without watermarking algorithm.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.756-766
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• 2023

To effectively track the illegal use of digital images and maintain the security of digital image communication on the Internet, this paper proposes a reversible multipurpose image watermarking algorithm based on a deep residual network (ResNet) and perceptual hashing (also called MWR). The algorithm first combines perceptual image hashing to generate a digital fingerprint that depends on the user's identity information and image characteristics. Then it embeds the removable visible watermark and digital fingerprint in two different regions of the orthogonal separation of the image. The embedding strength of the digital fingerprint is computed using ResNet. Because of the embedding of the removable visible watermark, the conflict between the copyright notice and the user's browsing is balanced. Moreover, image authentication and traitor tracking are realized through digital fingerprint insertion. The experiments show that the scheme has good visual transparency and watermark visibility. The use of chaotic mapping in the visible watermark insertion process enhances the security of the multipurpose watermark scheme, and unauthorized users without correct keys cannot effectively remove the visible watermark.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.121-130
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a reversible watermarking scheme in the JPEG compression domain. The reversible watermarking is useful to authenticate the content without the quality loss because it preserves the original content when embed the watermark information. In the internet, for the purpose to save the storage space and improve the efficiency of communication, digital image is usually compressed by JPEG or GIF. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a reversible watermarking in the JPEG compression domain. When the watermark is embedded, the lossless compression was used and the original image is recovered during the watermark extracting process. The test results show that PSNRs are distributed from 38dB to 42dB and the payload is from 2.5Kbits to 3.4Kbits where the QF is 75. Where the QF of the Lena image is varied from 10 to 99, the PSNR is directly proportional to the QF and the payload is around $1.6{\sim}2.8Kbits$.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.244-253
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• 2017

Reversible DNA watermarking is capable of continuous DNA storage and forgery prevention, and has the advantage of being able to analyze biological mutation processes by external watermarking by iterative process of concealment and restoration. In this paper, we propose a reversible DNA watermarking method based on histogram multiple shifting of noncoding DNA sequence that can prevent false start codon, maintain original sequence length, maintain high watermark capacity without biologic mutation. The proposed method transforms the non-coding region DNA sequence to the n-th code coefficients and embeds the multiple bits of the n-th code coefficients by the non-recursive histogram multiple shifting method. The multi-bit embedding process prevents the false start codon generation through comparison search between adjacent concealed nucleotide sequences. From the experimental results, it was confirmed that the proposed method has higher watermark capacity of 0.004-0.382 bpn than the conventional method and has higher watermark capacity than the additional data. Also, it was confirmed that false start codon was not generated unlike the conventional method.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.168-174
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a reversible watermarking algorithm where an original image can be recovered from the watermarked image. Most watermarking algorithms cause degradation of image quality in original digital contents in the process of embedding watermarks. In the proposed algorithm, the original image can be obtained when the degradation is removed from the watermarked image after extracting watermark information. In the proposed algorithm, we utilize a peak point of image histogram and the location map and modify pixel values slightly to embed data. Because the peak point of image histogram and the location map are employed in this algorithm, there is no need of extra information transmitted to the receiving side. As the locations watermark embedding are identified using the location map, the amount of watermark data can increase through recursive embedding.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.1 s.111
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• pp.39-44
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a reversible watermarking method to recover an original image after the watermark has been extracted. Most watermarking algorithms cause degradation of image quality in original digital content in the process of embedding watermark. In the proposed algorithm, the original image can be obtained when the degradation is removed from the watermarked image after extracting watermark information. In the proposed method, we utilize histogram shifting concept and Location Map structure. We could solve the Filp-Flop problem by using Location Map structure and enlarge the information embedding capacity by embedding recursively. Experimental results demonstrate that the embedding information as large as 120k bits can be realized while the invisibility as high as 41dB can be maintained.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.4643-4660
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• 2014

Integrity authentication of biometric data in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a critical issue because the sensitive data transmitted over broadcast wireless channels could be attacked easily. However, traditional cryptograph-based integrity authentication schemes are not suitable for WBAN as they consume much computational resource on the sensor nodes with limited memory, computational capability and power. To address this problem, a novel lightweight integrity authentication scheme based on reversible watermark is proposed for WBAN and implemented on a TinyOS-based WBAN test bed in this paper. In the proposed scheme, the data is divided into groups with a fixed size to improve grouping efficiency; the histogram shifting technique is adopted to avoid possible underflow or overflow; local maps are generated to restore the shifted data; and the watermarks are generated and embedded in a chaining way for integrity authentication. Our analytic and experimental results demonstrate that the integrity of biometric data can be reliably authenticated with low cost, and the data can be entirely recovered for healthcare applications by using our proposed scheme.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.4
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• pp.275-286
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• 2010

Reversible watermarking which can preserve the original quality of the digital contents and protect the copyright has been studied actively. Especially, in medical, military, and art fields, the need for reversible watermarking is increasing. This paper proposes a high-capacity reversible watermarking through predicted error expansion and error estimation compensation. Watermark is embedded by expanding the difference histogram between the original value and the predicted value. Differently from previous methods calculating the difference between adjacent pixels, the presented method calculates the difference between the original value and the predicted value, and that increases the number of the histogram value, where the watermark is embedded. As a result, the high capacity is achieved. The inserted watermark is extracted by restoring the histogram between the original value and the predicted value. To prove the performance, the presented algorithm is compared with other previous methods on various test images. The result supports that the presented algorithm has a perfect reversibility, a high image quality, and a high capacity.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.19B no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2012

Many audio watermarking researches which have been adapted to authenticate contents can not recover the original media after watermark removal. Therefore, reversible watermarking can be regarded as an effective method to ensure the integrity of audio data in the applications requiring high-confidential audio contents. Reversible watermarking inserts watermark into digital media in such a way that perceptual transparency is preserved, which enables the restoration of the original media from the watermarked one without any loss of media quality. This paper presents a new interval-based audio integrity authentication algorithm which can detect malicious tampering. To provide complete reversibility, we used differential histogram-based reversible watermarking. To authenticate audio in parts, not the entire audio at once, the proposed algorithm processes audio by dividing into intervals and the confirmation of the authentication is carried out in each interval. Through experiments using multiple kinds of test data, we prove that the presented algorithm provides over 99% authenticating rate, complete reversibility, and higher perceptual quality, while maintaining the induced-distortion low.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

DNA computing technology makes the interests on DNA storage and DNA watermarking / steganography that use the DNA information as a newly medium. DNA watermarking that embeds the external watermark into DNA information without the biological mutation needs the reversibility for the perfect recovery of host DNA, the continuous embedding and detecting processing, and the mutation analysis by the watermark. In this paper, we propose a reversible DNA watermarking based on circular histogram shifting of DNA code values with the prevention of false start codon, the preservation of DNA sequence length, and the high watermark capacity, and the blind detection. Our method has the following features. The first is to encode nucleotide bases of 4-character variable to integer code values by code order. It makes the signal processing of DNA sequence easy. The second is to embed the multiple bits of watermark into -order coded value by using circular histogram shifting. The third is to check the possibility of false start codon in the inter or intra code values. Experimental results verified the our method has higher watermark capacity 0.11~0.50 bpn than conventional methods and also the false start codon has not happened in our method.