• Archives of design research
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2003

Today, computer graphics have moved into spotlight within many related fields. The use of computer graphics in many fields as well as in design is now universalized. More than ever, those fields which utilize virtual reality are being vigorously researched and are rapidly progressing. Many advanced countries are obtaining positive results, allowing the world to learn about their culture and history by using virtual reality techniques for the restoration of cultural property. Above all, the West has utilized the diversity of the CAVE system which could best express the artificial system among virtual reality systems. However, in Korea this technology remains in its early stages of development. Moreover, the field, digital restoration of cultural property, which will be discussed in this study, hasn't yet been explored. Accordingly, this study presents the way of digitally restoring cultural property based on the CAVE through the empirical research and suggests the significance and possibility of digitally restoring cultural properly in the CAVE system. For them, this study processes the digitally restoring of Pulguksa Temple and Sokkuram and refers to the limitation and the future study following the investigation of CAVE and the introduction of applicable examples in abroad.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.417-426
• /
• 2018

This paper presents the seismic behaviors and restoring force model of ring beam joints of steel tube-reinforced concrete column structure under cyclic loading. First, the main failure mode, ultimate bearing capacity, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity are studied. Then, the effects of concrete grade, steel grade, reinforcement ratio and radius-to-width ratios are discussed. Finally, the restoring force model is proposed. Results show that the ring beam joints of steel tube-reinforced concrete column structure performs good seismic performances. With concrete grade increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity increase, while the stiffness degradation rates increases slightly. When the radius-width ratio is 2, with reinforcement ratio increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity decreases. However, when the radius-to-width ratios are 3, with reinforcement ratio increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity increases. With radius-to-width ratios increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity decreases slightly and the stiffness degradation rate increases, but the energy dissipation capacity increases slightly.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2011

In this paper, the factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of a polyurethane spring restoring disk bearing are analysed to predict the dynamic behavior of the bearing. The prediction results and the test results are compared. The Young's modulus of the polyurethane spring, which varies according to strain of spring and the friction coefficient, of PTFE (PolyTetraFluoroEthylene), which varies according to the velocity and pressure of PTFE, are considered as the factors influencing the dynamic characteristics. W-PTFE virgin products are used and polyurethane springs are produced for the tests. The equation related to changing the friction coefficient and the modulus of elasticity are obtained through an inverse estimation of the test results. The estimation results, considering the factors affecting the dynamic characteristics, simulate the test results more appropriately than the estimation without the consideration of those factors.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.207-215
• /
• 1984

Effects of Ssang Wha Tang (SWT), a blended Chinease traditional medicine, on the pharmacokinetics of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) in the rats of hepatic failure induced by carbon tetrachloride were examined. The disposition of plasma BSP in carbon tetrachloride-treated rats (Group I) and in carbon tetrachloride+SWT-treated rats (Group II) followed a three-compartment model, while those in control group followed two-compartment model. GOT, GPT level and some pharmacokinetic paramiters like plasma clearance but except distribution volume (Vdss) recovered in Group II compared to Group I. Therefore, SWT seemed to have an apparent restoring effect of hepatic function damaged by carbon tetrachloride treatment. From the fact that Vdss of BSP in Group II was considered as an one of the probable mechanisms. More intensive increase in BSP-free fraction ($f_p$) in Group II than that in Group I might also explain the increases of BSP clearance and Vdss in Group II compared to Group I. Assuming no changes in hepatic plasma flow(Q) in each group, hepatic intrinsic clearance($CL^h_{int}$) decreased in Group I did not recovered not at all in Group II. Therefore SWT seemed not to have any restoring effect of true hepaticfunction to biotransform and excrete BSP, and the apparent restoring effect of SWT might be due only to the replacement of BSP-plasma protein binding. Whether $f_p$ is actually higer in Group II than in Group I, and Q is constant in each group are being examined in our laboratory. The changes of Q, which might lead to another conculusions, also should be taken into consideration to clarify the apparent hepatorestoring effect of SWT.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2006.10a
• /
• pp.134-143
• /
• 2006

Out of all types of motions the critical motions leading to capsize is roll. The dynamic amplification in case of roll motion may be large for ships as roll natural frequency generally falls within the frequency range of wave energy spectrum typical used for estimation of motion spectrum. Roll motion is highly non-linear in nature. Den are various representations of non-linear damping and restoring available in literature. In this paper an uncoupled non-linear roll equations with three representation of damping and cubic restoring term is solved using a perturbation technique. Damping moment representations are linear plus quadratic velocity damping, angle dependant damping and linear plus cubic velocity dependant damping. Numerical value of linear damping coefficient is almost same for all types but non-linear damping is different. Linear and non-linear damping coefficients are obtained form free roll decay tests. External rolling moment is assumed as deterministic with sinusoidal form. Maximum roll amplitude of non-linear roll equation with various representations of damping is calculated using analytical procedure and compared with experimental results, which are obtained form forced tests in regular waves by varying frequency with three wave heights. Experiments indicate influence of non-linearity at resonance frequency. Both experiment and analytical results indicates increase in maximum roll amplitude with wave slope at resonance. Analytical results are compared with experiment results which indicate maximum roll amplitude analytically obtained with angle dependent and cubic velocity damping are equal and difference from experiments with these damping are less compared to non-linear equation with quadratic velocity damping.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.501-519
• /
• 2012

As an alternative to current conventional force-based assessment methods, the energy-based seismic performance of a code-designed 20-storey high-rise steel building is evaluated in this paper. Using 3D nonlinear dynamic time-history method with consideration of additional material damping effect, the influences of different restoring force models and P-${\Delta}/{\delta}$ effects on energy components are investigated. By combining equivalent viscous damping and hysteretic damping ratios of the structure subjected to strong ground motions, a new damping model, which is amplitude-dependent, is discussed in detail. According to the analytical results, all energy components are affected to various extents by P-${\Delta}/{\delta}$ effects and a difference of less than 10% is observed; the energy values of the structure without consideration of P-${\Delta}/{\delta}$ effects are larger, while the restoring force models have a minor effect on seismic input energy with a difference of less than 5%, but they have a certain effect on both viscous damping energy and hysteretic energy with a difference of about 5~15%. The paper shows that the use of the hysteretic energy at its ultimate state as a seismic design parameter has more advantages than seismic input energy since it presents a more stable value. The total damping ratio of a structure consists of viscous damping ratio and hysteretic damping ratio and it is found that the equivalent viscous damping ratio is a constant for the structure, while the equivalent hysteretic damping ratio approximately increases linearly with structural response in elasto-plastic stage.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.2086-2097
• /
• 2021

The current cultural assets are being restored depending on the opinions of experts (craftsmen). We intend to introduce digitalized artificial intelligence techniques, excluding the personal opinions of experts on reconstruction of such cultural properties. The first step toward restoring digitized cultural properties is separation. The restoration of cultural properties should be reorganized based on recorded documents, period historical backgrounds and regional characteristics. The cultural properties in the form of photographs or images should be collected by separating the background. In addition, when restoring cultural properties most of them depend a lot on the tendency of the restoring person workers. As a result, it often occurs when there is a problem in the accuracy and reliability of restoration of cultural properties. In this study, we propose a search method for learning stored digital cultural assets using AI technology. Pagoda was selected for restoration of Cultural Properties. Pagoda data collection was collected through the Internet and various historical records. The pagoda data was classified by period and region, and grouped into similar buildings. The collected data was learned by applying the well-known CNN algorithm for artificial intelligence learning. The pagoda search used Yolo Marker to mark the tower shape. The tower was used a total of about 100-10,000 pagoda data. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the probability of searching for a tower differs according to the number of pagoda pictures and the number of learning iterations. Finally, it was confirmed that the number of 500 towers and the epochs in training of 8000 times were good. If the test result exceeds 8,000 times, it becomes overfitting. All so, I found a phenomenon that the recognition rate drops when the enemy repeatedly learns more than 8,000 times. As a result of this study, it is believed that it will be helpful in data gathering to increase the accuracy of tower restoration.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report the results of treating patients with acute low back pain syndrome who are difficult to walk with Whidam's Vibrator Pelvic Sugi Therapy. Methods : We used combinations of korean medicine such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping therapy, and thermal therapy. At the same time, the patient was treated with Whidam's Vibrator Pelvic Sugi Therapy. The first period of hospitalization was 14 days and the second period was 54 days. At the second hospitalization, back pain recurred and was unable to walk. At the first hospitalization, L5-S1 HIVD and L4-5 Mild HIVD were diagnosed on lumbar MRI, and there was no abnormality in blood tests. Results : By relieving muscle tension and restoring the weakened muscle elasticity with herbal treatment and Whidam's Vibrator Pelvic Sugi Therapy, back pain decreased and the inability to walk gradually improved, making it possible to walk on its own. Conclusions : The results of standing and walking on one's own were obtained by relieving muscle tension and restoring weakened muscle elasticity in acute back pain syndrome with gait disturbance diagnosed with lumbar herniated intervertebral disc through korean medicine treatment and Whidam's Vibrator Pelvic Sugi Therapy. Whidam's Vibrator Pelvic Sugi Therapy is thought to help acute back pain by restoring muscle elasticity and strengthening muscle strength. In the future, it is expected that additional clinical studies will be conducted on various pain diseases with Whidam's Vibrator Pelvic Sugi Therapy.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.60 no.5
• /
• pp.320-331
• /
• 2023

In this study, a model test was conducted using the soft-mooring technique to evaluate the added resistance of the ship in waves. The study also examined the specific factors that should be considered during the soft-mooring test. The main purpose of soft-mooring is to prevent drifting caused by waves by providing horizontal restoring forces. However, it can also create undesired restoring forces in the vertical direction. Therefore, we examined the restoring force of the ship's 6-DOF motion based on the arrangement of the soft-mooring and the height of the mooring connection point. We also checked the corresponding resonance period and drift distance. The soft-mooring test was conducted twice, once with self-propulsion and once without self-propulsion, allowing us to review the advantages and disadvantages of each test technique. The main parameters measured in these model tests were 6DOF motion and added resistance on the ship. We compared these measurements obtained from two different techniques (with and without self-propulsion). Additionally, we also compared the measurements based on the types of measuring sensors used (2D load cells on FP, AP, and 1D load cells on each mooring line) as well as the height of the mooring connection point.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.425-432
• /
• 2024

In this study, we propose a self-restoring friction slit damper by combining the concepts of self-restoring dampers, friction dampers, and steel dampers that are currently used and researched. For this purpose, an innovative damper structure was designed using superelastic shape memory alloy for automatic recovery and combining the concepts of friction damper and slit damper. Afterwards, detailed design was carried out and variables such as material, with of strut, and bolt fastening force were set. Modeling was performed using the ABAQUS program for a total of 12 dampers, and finite element analysis was performed by substituting the designed loading protocol. As a result, the self-recovering friction slit damper using superelastic shape memory alloy was excellent in terms of load, but the energy dissipation ability was not significantly secured due to the excellent recovery performance. However, friction slit dampers made of Gr.50 steel have dramatically improved performance in terms of load and energy dissipation through innovative structural improvements. Through this, the innovative structure of the damper, which combines the mechanisms of a friction damper and a steel damper, was demonstrated.