• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제11권
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• pp.43-54
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• 1993

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 벼에 있어서 냉해(冷害)로 인(因)하여 매년(每年) 막대한 수확량(收穫量)의 감소(減少)를 생육시기별(生有時期別) 생장조절제(生長調節劑) 처리(處理)에 의한 재배적(栽培的) 방법(方法)을 통하여 그 피해(被害)를 감소(減少)시키고, 생장조절제(生長調節劑)에 대한 벼의 생리학적(生理學的) 활동(活動)과 농업적(農業的) 특성(特性), 수량구성요소(收量構成要素), 근활력(根活力), Chlorophyll 함량(含量) 등(等)의 변화(變化)를 통하여 수확량(收穫量)에 관계(關係)는 요소(要素)를 규명(糾明)하고, 벼 재배(栽培) 방법(力法)에 있어서 기초(基礎) 자료(資科)로써 이용(利用)하고자 실시(實施)하여 얻은 실험결과(實驗結果)는 다음과 같다. 저온(低溫)조건하에서 처리(處理)된 모든 생장조절제(生長調節劑)는 농도(濃度)에 관계(關係)없이 초장(草長), 분니 등의 벼 생유지연(生有遲延)을 다소 경감(輕減)시켰으며, 특(特)히 ABA는 농도(濃度)에 관계(關係)없이 초장(草長), 분니수등에 있어서 다른 생장조절제(生長調節劑)보다 그 효과(效果)가 두드러진 것을 알 수 있었다. 저온(低溫) 조건하(條件下)에서의 chlorophyll함량(含量)은 무처리구(無處理品)에 비하여 감소(減少)되나 식물생장조절제(植物生長調節劑)를 처리(處理)함으로써 Chlorophyll함량(含量)이 증가(增加)되었고, 또한 근활력(根活力)도 chlorophyll함량(含量)과 같은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 생육(生有) 초기(初期)의 생장(生長) 조절제(調節劑)의 처리(處理)는 수량(收量) 구성요소(構成要素)의 감소(減少)를 경감(輕減)시켜 주었으며, 이는 수량(收量)에 직후(直接) 영향(影響)을 미쳐 냉해(冷害)로 인(因)한 수량감소(收量減少)를 경향(經向)시켰으며, 특(特)히 Abscissic acid처리(處理)의 효과(效果)는 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 그러나 저온하(低溫下)에서 수잉기때 생장조절제(生長調節劑) 처리(處理)는 영양생장(營養生長)에 별다른 효과(效果)를 나타내지 않았으나 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)에는 다소 영향(影響)을 미쳐 수량(收量)에 관여(關與)하는 것으로 나타났다. 저온조건하(低溫條件下)에서의 생장조절제(生長調節劑)의 처리(處理)는 처리시기(處理時期)에 따라 다소 차이(差異)가 있지만 수량손실(收量損失) 경감(輕減)에 크게 영향(影響)을 미친 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.577-582
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• 2009

The development of a high-throughput functional genomic screening provides a novel and expeditious approach in identifying critical genes involved in specific biological processes. Here we describe a cell-based cDNA screening system to identify the transcription activators of BiP, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein. BiP promoter contains the ER stress element which is commonly present in the genes involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) that regulates protein secretion in cells. Therefore, the positive regulators of BiP may also be utilized to improve the recombinant protein production through modulation of UPR. Four BiP activators, including human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 (HUGT1), are identified by the cDNA screening. Overexpression of HUGT1 leads to a significant increase in the production of recombinant erythropoietin, interferon ${\gamma}$, and monoclonal antibody in HEK293 cells. Our results demonstrate that the cDNA screening for BiP activators may be effective to identify the novel BiP regulators and HUGT1 may serve as an ideal target gene for improving the recombinant protein production in mammalian cells.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.276-282
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• 1998

Retinoids regulate a wide variety of biological processes such as cellular proliferation and differentiation in many cell types. They have also shown to stimulate replication of several viruses including human cytomegalovirus (CMV). Retinoid signalling pathway involves two distinct subfamilies of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) that bind to specific retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) in the promoter regions of retinoid-target genes. Here, we characterized RAREs in the regulatory regions of the CMV and of the hepatitis B vi.us (HBV). The viral RAREs, i.e., CMV-RARE and HBV-RARE, are composed of two consensus RARE half-sites (A/GGGTCA) arranged as a direct repeat separated by 5-bp and 1-bp, respectively. The RAREs were activated by both RAR/RXR heterodimers and RXR homodimers in transient transfection experiments. We also found that COUP-TF$\alpha$ (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor u) and COUP-TF$\beta$ repressed the retinoid response of the viral elements. Further we demonstrated that previously known retinoid antagonist, SRI 1330, repressed retinoid-induced transactivation of the CMV-RARE. These results implicate Vitamin A, it's nuclear receptors and COUP-TFs as important regulators of the CMV and HBV pathogenesis and the SRl1330 as potential negative modulator of such retinoid-dependent processes.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 1997

한국 야생차나무의 잎절편과 배배양에서 생장조절물질의 첨가에 따른 형태형성 과정의 변이를 조사하였다. 그 결과 접합자배는 싸이토키닌을 5-20$\mu\textrm{M}$을 첨가한 MS 배지에서 직접적인 체세포 배와 부정아 및 액아 발생률이 높았으며 옥신의 함량이 높아질수록 형태형성율이 급격히 저하되었다. 1/2 MS 및 1/4 SH배지에 $10\mu\textrm{M}$ IBA가 첨가된 배지에서 모든 줄기가 발근 되었다. MS배지에 2,4-D를 첨가한 배지에서 미성숙 접합자 배를 배양한 결과 체세포배성 캘러스가 유발되었다. 성숙된 접합자 배를 발아시킨 후 어린잎을 채취하여 고농도의 옥신 (IBA와 NAA) 또는 싸이토키닌 (BAP)이 함유된 MS배지에 배양한 결과 체세포배 형성 캘러스가 발생되었으며 또한 직접적인 체세포배가 발생하였다. 그러나 뿌리와 줄기 형성에는 각각 요구하는 옥신의 농도와 종류가 각각 달랐다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.368-372
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• 2008

Recent molecular and genetic studies in rice, a short-day plant, have elucidated both conservation and divergence of photoperiod pathway genes and their regulators. However, the biological roles of rice genes that act within the autonomous pathway are still largely unknown. In order to better understand the function of the autonomous pathway genes in rice, we conducted molecular genetic analyses of OsFVE, a rice gene homologous to Arabidopsis FVE. OsFVE was found to be ubiquitously expressed in vegetative and reproductive organs. Overexpression of OsFVE could rescue the flowering time phenotype of the Arabidopsis fve mutants by up-regulating expression of the SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1 (SOC1) and down-regulating FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) expression. These results suggest that there may be a conserved function between OsFVE and FVE in the control of flowering time. However, OsFVE overexpression in the fve mutants did not rescue the flowering time phenotype in in relation to the response to intermittent cold treatment.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.447-453
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• 2006

Histidine kinase는 식물의 신호전달기작에서 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 애기장대 histidine kinase 3 (AHK3)의 식물체내에서의 기능을 조사하였으며 이 유전자의 결손 돌연변이체인 ahk3에 trans-zeatin (t-zeatin)을 처리하여 유전자와 단백질의 발현양상을 분석하였다. ahk3는 야생형 식물체에 비하여 캘러스 형성, 유모의 성장, 잎의 노화과정에서 t-zeatin에 대한 감수성이 줄어들었다. 프로테옴 분석 결과 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2, auxin binding glutathione S-transferase, NDPK1 등은 야생형의 애기장대에서는 t-zeatin에 의하여 발현이 증가하는 반면 ahk3에서는 증가하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 cytokinin처리에 의하여 발현이 증가하는 것으로 보고된 A-type response regulator들 중에서 ARR4와 ARR16의 발현양이 ahk3에서는 현저하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 AHK3가 cytonin신호전달기작에서 매우 중요한 역할을 하며, 프로테옴 분석에 의하여 동정된 단백질들과 ARR4, ARR16은 AHK3에 의해 매개되는 cytokinin 신호전달과정에서 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2010

The cell cycle is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin complexes as well as other regulators. We isolated Kip-related protein 4 (KRP4) cDNA that encodes 289 amino acids including six conserved domains. To investigate the expression pattern of KRP4 as well as of other cell cycle-related genes associated with plant hormones, Arabidopsis seedlings were cultured on MS medium containing auxin or cytokinin. All seedlings treated with phytohormones displayed an increased proportion of cells in S phase. A higher proportion of cells in G2 phase was observed in seedlings treated with NAA. RT-PCR confirmed that the expression of KRP4 was decreased after treatment with phytohormones, and that CDKA and D-type cyclin transcription was increased. Additionally, mitotic cyclins were up-regulated by NAA treatment. These results suggest that KRP4 as well as other cell cycle-related genes might contribute to the control of plant growth in response to exogenous hormones.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2010

An olive-green mutant was generated in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 by inactivation of the sll0396 gene. Whole-cell absorption spectra of the mutant revealed the missing of phycocyanin peak. An investigation of the low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra revealed that the $sll0396{\Omega}$ mutant has a reduced amount of phycocyanin. Western blot analysis showed that the mutant contained less phycocyanin ${\beta}$- and ${\alpha}$-subunits and lacked the 30- and 32-kDa linker polypeptides, and northern blot analysis revealed that the transcription of the 1.4-kb cpcBA gene encoding the phycocyanin ${\beta}$- and ${\alpha}$-subunits was lower in the mutant. The Sll0396 protein has a DNA-binding motif and shares homology with known response regulators. Our results indicate that Sll0396 plays a regulatory role in the transcription of the phycocyanin genes during phycobilisome synthesis.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.225-231
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• 2023

Cold stress is one of the most vulnerable environmental stresses that affect plant growth and crop yields. With the recent advancements in genetic approaches using Arabidopsis and other model systems, genes involved in cold-stress response have been identified and the key cold signaling factors have been characterized. Exposure to low-temperature stress triggers the activation of a set of genes known as cold regulatory (COR) genes. This activation process plays a crucial role in enhancing the resistance of plants to cold and freezing stress. The inducer of the C-repeatbinding factor (CBF) expression 1-CBF module (ICE1-CBF module) is a key cold signaling pathway regulator that enhances the expression of downstream COR genes; however, this signaling module in Panax ginseng remains elusive. Here, we identified cold-signaling-related genes, PgCBF1, PgCBF3, and PgICE1 and conducted functional genomic analysis with a heterologous system. We confirmed that the overexpression of cold- PgCBF3 in the cbf1/2/3 triple Arabidopsis mutant compensated for the cold stress-induced deficiency of COR15A and salt-stress tolerance. In addition, nuclearlocalized PgICE1 has evolutionarily conserved phosphorylation sites that are modulated by brassinsteroid insensitive 2 (PgBIN2) and sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 3 (PgSnRK3), with which it physically interacted in a yeast two-hybrid assay. Overall, our data reveal that the regulators identified in our study, PgICE1 and PgCBFs, are evolutionarily conserved in the P. ginseng genome and are functionally involved in cold and abiotic stress responses.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2004

This study was carried out to establish The regeneration of healthy seedlings from the nodal segment culture of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita cv. Danma), cultivated in Korea. Different explants such as leaves, petioles, roots and nodal pieces, excised from the in vitro grown seedlings of Chinese yam, were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various combinations of growth regulators. All the growth regulators used induced plantlet regeneration from the nodal segments at a high frequency, while there was no induction of shoot or callus from leaf, petiole or root tissues. The medium supplemented with 0.01mg/L NAA, 0.5mg/L BA, 0.5-1.0mg/L kinetin and without plant growth regulator was effective for shoot development of buds from the nodal segment culture. The concentration of BA and NAA was an important factor in the bud induction of buds from the nodal segments of Chinese yam. Nodal segments cultured on the medium containing 1.0mg/L NAA and 0.5-1.0mg/L BA gave the best response to bud formation. The addition of GA$_3$ to the culture medium suppressed shoot induction and growth, while it increased microtuber formation. The shoot growth and microtuber formation were also affected by medium strength and solidity. The MS basal medium containing 1 g/L gelrite was suitable for microtuber formation from the nodal segment of Chinese yam.