• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.641-646
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• 2005

Salmonella typhimurium TML이 Int-407 숙주세포에 부착하는 정도는 S. typhimurium이 낮은 농도의 철이 함유된 배지에서 배양되었을 때보다 LB 액체배지 또는 높은 농도의 철이 함유된 배지에서 생육한 것에서 약 10배 정도의 높은 수준으로 관찰되었다. 고농도의 철이 포함된 배양조건이 살모넬라가 숙주세포에 부착시키는 정도를 향상시키는데 반해, 칼슘, 코발트, 구리, 인산, 마그네슘 그리고 망간과 같은 다른 양이온은 그렇지 않다. 이것은 아마도 철이 Salmonella가 부착에 필요한 요소들의 발현을 활성화하는 역할을 하는 것으로 추정된다. 철 농도에 따른 부착정도의 차이들은 type 1 fimbriae, mannose resistant hemagglutinin과 flagellum등을 생성하지 않는 다양한 S. typhimurium 돌연변이주들에서도 관찰되는 것으로 미루어보아 이들 구조체들과 상관이 없는 밝혀지지 않은 어떤 인자가 부착성 증가에 관여하는 것으로 사료된다. fur유전자가 불활성화된 S. typhimurium 돌연변이주의 부착성이 야생형 Salmonella와 유사한 방식으로 철에 의해 조절되었는데, 이는 철 농도에 따른 부착성의 변화에 관여하는 잠재적인자의 발현이 Fur 단백질과 독립적으로 이루어진다는 것을 나타낸다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-68
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• 2001

The result of studying the epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella strains which have been isolated from the domestic animals in Gyeongbuk province from February 1998 to August 2000 were summarized as follows. The isolation rates of Salmonella strains were 2.0% from cattle feces, 6.3% from cattle lymph node, 9.5% from pig feces, and 25.1% from pig lymph node. In poultry, the isolation rates were 30.3%. The isolates of Salmonella showed positive reaction for MUCAP test, methyl red test, but showed negative reaction for urea test, indole test, Voges Proskauer test. On TSI agar, the isolates showed acid butt, alkaline slant. Also, the isolates were identified as Salmonella strain by API 20E kit. Non H$_2$S Production Salmonella strains isolated from poultry were identified as S gallinarum. As a result of serotyping, B group were the most common in cattle and pig, Dl in chickens. 21 serovars were found. the common serovar from the domestic animals was S typhimurium, S derby, S agona, S schwarzenground, S enteritidis and S gallinarum. The most commonly encountered serovars in cattle were S agona and S typhirimurium in pig, S gallinarum in chicken. As a result of antimicrobial susceptibility test, all Salmonella isolates were susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin; cefotaxime and polumcin B. The resistance rates to tetracycline and streptomycin was 58% and 56%, respectively. 69.3% of all isolates were resistant to more than one antimicrobial agent. Out of the resistant isolates, the isolates resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline was 36%. There were 24 strains of multiresistant isolates resistant to more than 5 antimicrobial agents. S typhimurium were resistant to all antimicrobial agents, also had a lot of multiresistant strains. Therefore, S typhimurium was considered as a major agent of antimicrobial resistance.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.203-214
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• 1990

A total of 166 strains of Salmonella (S) typhimurium var copenhagen isolated from pigeons (164 strains) and aquatic birds (2 strains) were examined for the biochemical characteristics and plasmid profiles. All the strains were sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin and sulfadimethoxine. But 13 strains(7.8%) were resistant to streptomycin (Sm), 2 (1.2%) to tetracycline, 2 (1.2%) to rifampicin, and 1 (0.6%) to nalidixic acid. Among drug resistant strains, only one strain resistant to Sm contained conjugative R plasmid which was fertility inhibition and incompatibility group $I_{\alpha}$. All the strains were sensitive to cobalt chloride, cupric sulfate, lead nitrate, mercuric chloride and silver nitrate. Of 166 isolates, 6 (3.6%) were resistant to sodium arsenate and 1 (0.6%) to potassium tellurite. Among 166 isolates, 1 (0.6%) was colicinogenic, 12 (7.2%) sucrose fermenters, and 166 (100%) maltose fermenters. Plasmid profiles were confirmed as being 4 or 5 plasmids, and their molecular weight ranged 3.2 to 60 megadalton (MD). All the strains harbored 60 Md plasmid. There are three patterns by the plasmid profile, 150 isolates (90.4%) were pattern I (3.2, 3.5, 33, 60Md), 14 (8.4%) pattern II (3.2, 3.5, 29, 60Md), and 2 (1.2%) pattern III (4.2, 7.8, 8.5, 15, 60Md). S typhimurium var copenhagen strains containing 60Md plasmid were resistant to killing by 90% normal guinea pig serum.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2001

The result of studying the pathogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium and S enteritidis isolated from domestic animals in Gyeongbuk province were summarized as follows. In Congo-red binding test, S typhimurium had much more rough types than S enteritidis. In colicin production test, 4 strains of S typhimurium were positive but all of S enteritidis were negative. In hemolysin production test, all of S typhimurium and S enteritidis were negative. In Guinea pig serum resistant test, all of S typhimurium and S enteritidis were positive. As a result of pathogenicity test to mice, 54.4% of mice were died. Therefore, S typhimurium and S enteritidis were considered as highly pathogenic. S typhimurium DT104 and S enteritidis PT4 were more pathogenic to mice than other phage types of same serovar. S typhimurium and S enteritidis were considered not so pathogenic for 6-day-old chickens. The recovery rates of Salmonella stains from mice and chickens inoculated were 96.8%, and 54%, respectively. In chickens, proportional to the time from 2 weeks after challenge inoculation, the recovery rates were noticeably decreased.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권3호통권142호
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• pp.252-256
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• 2005

The in visto inhibitory activities of essential oils of the Rosmarinus officinalis as well as its main constituents were evaluated against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium. The essential oil fraction of R. officinalis and its main components, 1,8-cineole and camphor, exhibited significant inhibitory activities against most of the tested strains in this study, with MICs(minimum inhibitory concentrations) racing from 0.5mg/ml to 16mg/ml. The total oil fraction showed higher activity than its main components, 1,8-cineole and camphor against S. aureus strains. No remarkable differences were evident between MICs of the susceptible and resistant strains of S. aureus. Among the tested strains, S. pneumoniae CCARM 3523, the resistant strain to norfloxacin, oxacillin and erythromycin exhibited significantly lower sensitivity to the tested oils than antibiotic-susceptible strain. The oils revealed mostly higher inhibitory activity against S. typhimurium than against S. enteritidis.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.590-592
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• 2007

We report the isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium phage type DT104 (CCARM 8104) from swine in Korea. The CCARM 8104 isolate was resistant to nalidixic acid and showed reduced susceptibility to quinolones. The CCARM 8104 isolate had a missense mutation, Asp87Asn, in the quinolone resistance-determining region in gyrA and produced PSE-1. The CCARM 8104 isolate carried two different class 1 integrons, and the PSE-1 ${\beta}$-lactamase gene was inserted into a 1,200 bp class 1 integron. The presence of DT104 with pse-1 in an integron located in a plasmid and reduced susceptibility to quinolone in swine pose a significant threat of possible horizontal spread between swine and humans.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2020

본 연구는 항생제 내성 Salmonella Typhimurium CCARM 8009을 저해하기 위한 phage와 항생제 조합처리의 효과를 평가하였다. 디스크 확산법과 액체배지 희석법에 의해 phage와 항생제의 상승 저해효과를 측정하였고 배양을 통한 항생제 내성 유도를 평가하였다. Phage를 처리한 cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin의 디스크의 저해 구역은 각각 13.6%, 19.3%, 12.7%, 78.8%로 증가되었다. Phage와 항생제 조합 처리에 의해 tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, streptomycin의 최소생육억제농도는 각각 64, 4, 0.0078, 64, 256 mg/mL으로 감소되었다. Phage와 항생제의 조합 처리는 항생제 내성 S. Typhimurium CCARM 8009을 효과적으로 저해하였다 (4 log reduction). 본 결과는 phage와 항생제의 조합처리는 항생제 내성균을 제어하기 위한 방법으로 충분히 응용가치가 높음을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.602-606
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• 2020

본 연구는 다양한 항생제 내성을 갖는 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 19585 (STWT), S. Typhimurium KCCM 40253 (STKCCM), ciprofloxacininduced S. Typhimurium ATCC 19585 strains (STCIP), and S. Typhimurium CCARM 8009 (STCCARM)에 대한 phage의 흡착 및 용균 특성을 평가하였다. PBST-10, PBST-13, PBST-32, PBST-35, P-22, P-22 B1 phages는 narrow host range를 보였다. 숙주인 STWT, STKCCM, STCIP에 대한 phage의 흡착률은 각각 47-85%, 58-95%, 61-93%였지만, STCCARM에 대한 phage의 흡착률은 14-36%의 낮은 수준을 보였다. STWT, STKCCM, STCIP, STCCARM에 대한 phage burst size는 각각 43-350, 37-530, 66-500, 24-500 plaque-forming unit(PFU)으로 다양하게 관찰되었다. P-22 B1을 제외한 모든 phage는 배양 초기에 STCIP숙주를 효과적으로 저해하였다. 이러한 결과는 항생제 내성균을 저해하기 위해 phage control system 개발에 유용한 정보로 활용될 것이다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2005

A total of 28 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from diseased pigs and swine carcasses between 2001 and 2003 were characterized by the antimicrobial resistance profiles, PCR for detection of S. Typhimurium DT104 and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with the restriction enzyme XbaI. All but one isolate presented multidrug resistance (MDR) to more than two antibiotics tested. A total of 11 resistance profiles were observed, and two phenotypes, ST and ASSuTG, were the most common among them. Two isolates were found to be S. Typhimurium DT104 isolates by PCR, and their resistance profile did not show the DT104 typical resistance type ACSSuT, but ACSSuTGK instead. PFGE identified 11 banding patterns in dendrogram, and three main clusters (designated A to C) were represented. Interestingly, sixteen of 19S. Typhimurium isolates belonging to cluster B showed an identical band pattern.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.897-901
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• 2005

The in vitro inhibitory activities of essential oils from Thymus magnus and T. quinquecostatus as well as their main constituents were evaluated against susceptible and resistant species of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Salmonella typhimurium. Notably, the essential oil fraction of T. magnus and its main components displayed significant inhibitory action against both antibiotic-susceptible and resistant strains of S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and S. typhimurium with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.125 to 8 mg/mL. The differential MIC values imply that the oil fraction and its main components exhibit distinct patterns of activity against the tested bacterial species. Moreover, the disk diffusion test revealed that the inhibitory activities of oil fraction and components were dose-dependent. Data from the checkerboard titer test confirmed synergism between the antibiotic, norfloxacin, and T. magnus oil or thymol, particularly against the resistant strains of S. aureus.