• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.595-602
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• 2017

In Korea, much research and development have occurred to enhance the technological competitiveness of tuna purse seining fisheries. Due to these efforts, fishing efficiency has been improved with the development of radar, sonar and global positioning systems for fish detection and revisions to the hull forms of tuna purse seiners. However, for skiff boats, net boats and speed boats, which are auxiliary working boats mounted on tuna purse seiners, technology has lagged behind relative to the modernization of the main vessel. In this study, the hull of an existing propeller-based net boat with steel wire net to protect tuna was changed to the hull of a water jet propulsion vehicle to reduce resistance and improve maneuverability. As a result, a prototype of a water jet propulsion option was produced according to the aluminum structure strength standards specified by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, and safety was confirmed by performing a drop test. Moreover, through a sea trial test, an existing net boat was shown to have a speed of 12.0knots and a towing force of 2,545 kgf at 2,500 RPM. The prototype had a speed of 26.7 knots and a towing force of 2,011 kgf at 3,200 RPM, which satisfied the towing capacity standards of auxiliary working boats mounted on tuna purse seiners.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2013

To investigate the sensitivity of Sclerotium cepivorum causing garlic white rot to 5 fungicides, including prochloraz, tebuconazole, flutolanil, iminoctadine and isoprothiolane, 147 isolates isolated from infected garlics from 2008 to 2009 through a single sclerotium isolation were screened. While each mean value of $EC_{50}$ (effective concentration reducing mycelial growth by 50%) of S. cepivorum isolates collected in 2008 to each fungicide was 0.054, 0.012, 23.189, 0.901, and $21.362{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, that of 2009 isolates were 0.030, 0.020, 10.367, 1.684, $33.406{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. There was a difference in mean value of $EC_{50}$ of S. cepivorum according to regions isolated. $EC_{50}$ values of S. cepivorum isolated in Goheung to flutolanil and isoprothiolane were 14.468 and $24.653{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, respectively, which was lower than those of Seosan and Taeahn. Isolates from Taeahn showed the lowest $EC_{50}$ value to prochloraz as $0.008{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. In addition, we could not find any resistant isolates to fungicides tested. The $EC_{50}$ values in this study will be used in a fungicide resistance monitoring program to determine whether shifts in sensitivity to fungicides included into different groups are occurring in S. cepivorum populations.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have reported an association of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) 3123Cytosine/Adenine (3123C/A) polymorphism with essential hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism affects blood pressure for free-living hypertensive men during a 5-month intervention period. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects were free-living hypertensive Japanese men aged 40 to 75 years who agreed to intervention in the period from 2004 to 2011. Detection of the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The dietary intervention was designed to decrease salt level and to increase potassium level through cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet. The exercise session consisted of activities such as stretching, resistance training, and walking. Blood pressure, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, dietary and lifestyle data, and non-fasting venous blood sample were collected at baseline and after the intervention period. RESULTS: Thirty nine subjects were eligible for participation and the follow-up rate was 97.4%. The C allele proportion was 57.9%. AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was X-chromosome-linked, therefore we analyzed the C and A genotypes. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the genotype groups. After the intervention, there were no significant differences in lifestyle habit between the groups. Nevertheless, the estimated salt excretion (g/day) was significantly decreased only in the C genotype (13.0-10.3, P = 0.031). No significant change was observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mmHg) in the A genotype, but a significant decrease was observed in the C genotype (150.0-141.5, P = 0.024). CONCLUSTIONS: In the C genotype, it might be easy to improve SBP through lifestyle intervention in free-living hypertensive Japanese men, however generalization could not be achieved by the small sample size.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.780-803
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• 2003

Exposure of skin cells, particularly keratinocytes to various nuclear factor-kappaB ($\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$) activators [e.g. tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$, interleukin-1, lipopolysaccharides, and ultraviolet light] leads to phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitory protein, $\textrm{I}_{{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$. Liberated $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ is translocated into the nucleus where it can change or alter expression of target genes, resulting in the secretion of extracellular signaling molecules including melanotrophic factors affecting melanocyte. In order to demonstrate the possible role of $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ activation on the synthesis of melanotrophic factors from the keratinocytes, the activities of $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ induced by melanogenic inhibitors (MIs) were determined in human HaCaT keratinocytes transfected with $\textrm{pNF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$-SEAP-NPT plasmid. Transfectant cells released the secretory alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) as a transcription reporter in response to the $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ activity and contain the neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT) gene for the dominant selection marker for geneticin resistance. MIs such as niacinamide, kojic acid, hydroquinone, resorcinol, arbutin, and glycolic acid were preincubated with transfectant HaCaT cells for 3 h and then ultraviolet B (UVB) was irradiated. $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ activation was measured with the SEAP reporter gene assay using a fluorescence detection method. Of the Mis tested, kojic acid ($IC_{50}$/ = 60 $\mu$M) was found to be the most potent inhibitor of UVB-upregulating $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ activation in transfectant HaCaT cells, which is followed by niacinamide ($IC_{50}$/= 540 $\mu$M). Pretreatment of the transfectant HaCaT cells with the Mis, especially kojic acid and niacinamide, effectively lowered $\textrm{NF}_{-{\kappa}}\textrm{B}$ binding measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Furthermore, these two inhibitors remarkably reduced the secretion level of IL-6, one of melanotrophic factors, triggered by UV-radiation of the HaCaT cells. These observations suggest that Mis working at the in vivo level might act partially through the modulation of the synthesis of melanotrophic factors in keratinocyte.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.5 s.83
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• pp.123-134
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• 2005

This research aims at developing a new method which can replace the existing method. known as the quality factor(Q factor) method by an L-R-C test for use in the performance test of inductive loop detectors(ILD) being installed and maintained. In this study, a sensor to detect a magnetic field in terms of frequency and intensity, a method to collect field data, the method of analysis, and the method of diagnosis were developed. An automatic diagnosis system which was developed to overcome those drawbacks has the following features : First, field data is collected automatically by a test vehicle equipped with magnetic field sensors that is running can be said to along the roadway and. thus, the new system completely overcome the roadway and, thus, the new system can be said to completely overcome the inefficiency of the existing method second, since the magnetic fold generated from the ILD is the final output of the whole system of ILD, the existing problem has been solved. third. since each of the detection area by height is collected by the magnetic sensors installed by height. a basic for the identification of the vehicle types to be detectable and the setting of adjustment factors has been made. For the automatic diagnosis system developed during in this study, a reliability test was carried out by comparing vehicle times of ILD installed ideally.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.116-124
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• 2012

Identification was performed in March 2008 for the 76 Enterococcus strains isolated from the Han-river, which is used as water supply for Seoul citizens. The antibiotic susceptibility, antibiotic resistant structural analysis, trans-conjugation, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) were also carried out for the isolated strains. Among the isolated strains, 25 strains were E. casseliflavus, 4 strains were E. faecalis and 1 strain was E. hirae. Investigation of antibiotic susceptibility indicated that 15 strains demonstrated tolerance against vancomycin, and that 11 strains of E. faecium and 4 strains of E. casseliflavus were VRE. The vanA gene detection of the VRE strains revealed that 6 E. faecium strains were vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) possessing vanA. Analyses of transposon Tn1546 structure containing vanA demonstrated that Km36 and Km37 belonged to Tn1 type, Km20 and Km38 was Tn2 type, and Km39 and Km40 was Tn3 type. PFGE disclosed that among the 6 VREF strains, Km36 and Km37 exhibited equivalent subtype, while the rest 4 strains showed subtypes different to each other. MLST for the 6 VREF strains disclosed that 3 strains were ST78, while the rest 3 strains were ST18, ST192 and ST230, respectively. All these clonal complexes were derived from CC17 which has been isolated from clinical sources. 4 strains belonged to CC78, while the rest 2 strains were CC18 and CC192, respectively.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.270-276
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• 1999

Background: Extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamases(ESBL) are enzymes that confer resistance to oxyimino-${\beta}$-lactams as well as to penicillins and cephalosporins. Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli that produce ESBL have been increasingly prevalent in many countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ESBL production rate of K. pneumoniae and E. coli at the in Yeungnam University Medical Center. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one isolates of K pneumoniae and twenty-five isolates of E. coli were examined for ESBL by double disk synergy test, using 20/$10{\mu}g$ ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and $30{\mu}g$ oxyimino-${\beta}$-lactam(ceftazidime, ceftaxime, ceftriaxone and aztreonam) disks. Results: Fifty-two percent of K. pneumoniae and sixteen percent of E. coli isolates revealed double disk synergism. Majority of ESBL-producing strains(fifty-five percent) were isolated from patients in the intensive care unit. Conclusion: ESBL production of K. pneumoniae and E. coli were also common at the Yeungnam University Medical Center and pose a serious problem for antimicrobial therapy.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.347-354
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• 2007

Commercialization of genetically modified (GM) plants will be required the assessment of risks associated with the release of GM plants that should include a detailed risk assessment of their impacts in human health and the environment. Prior to GM plant release, applicants should provide the information on GM crops for approval. We carried out this study to provide the molecular data for risk assessment of the GM Chinese cabbage plants with insect-resistance gene, modified CryIAc, which we obtained by Agrobacterium-transformation. From the molecular analysis with GM Chinese cabbage, we confirmed the transgene copy number and stability, the expression of the transgene, and integration region sequences between the transgene and the Chinese cabbage genome. Based on the unique integration DNA sequences, we designed specific primer set to detect GM Chinese cabbage and set up the GM cabbage detection method by qualitative PCR analysis. Qualitative analysis with GM Chinese cabbage progenies analysis was revealed the same as the result of herbicide treatment. Our results provided the molecular data for risk assessment analysis of GM Chinese cabbage and demonstrated that the primer set proposed could be useful to detect GM Chinese cabbage.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.188-196
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• 1998

The sensing and electrical characteristics of $WO_{3}$-based n-type semiconductor gas sensors are investigated. In normal air condition, $TiO_{2}$(4 wt. %)-doped $WO_{3}$-based sensor fabricated without any binder shows the grain boundary ( GB ) potential barrier height of 0.26 V. Sensors fabricated with alumina, PVA and silica sol binders show 0.17, 0.22 and 0.26 V of GB potential barrier height, respectively. In the ambience of 120 ppm $NO_{x}$ concentration, the GB potential barrier height of the sensor fablicated without binder is increased to 0.59 V. The sensors were fabricated with alumina, PVA, silica sol binders show 0.43, 0.66 and 0.52 V of potential barrier, respectively. Thus the variation of the potential barrier at GB is largest in the sensor fabricated with the PVA binder. This is found to be the main reason why the sensor fabricated with the PVA binder shows the best sensitivity. It is also found that the decrease of sensitivity at a temperature higher than the optimum operation temperature is due to the temperature dependence of the sensor resistance in normal air condition rather than the desorption of the adsorbed $NO_{x}$ gas particles. In the ambience of 250 ppm CO concentration, the GB potential barrier heights of the sensors fabricated without binder and with PVA binder are about 0.2 V showing negligible change compared to the case of normal air ambience. This fact indicates that these sensors are good candidates for the selective detection of $NO_{x}$ gas in the mixture of CO and $NO_{x}$ gases.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2018

In this study, PAT protein of genetically modified maize was prepared from the recombinant E. coli strain BL21 (DE3), and mice were immunized with the recombinant PAT protein. After cell fusion and cloning, two hybridoma cells (PATmAb-7 and PATmAb-12) were chosen since the monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) produced by them were confirmed to be specific to PAT protein in the indirect enzyme-linked immunsorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot tests. There were no cross-reactions of either Mabs to other GM proteins or to the extracts of non-GM maize. The ELISA based on the PATmAb-7 can sensitively detect 0.3 ng/g PAT protein in corn. These results indicate that the developed Mabs can be used as bio-receptors in the development of immunosensors and biosensors for the rapid and simple detection of GM corn adulterated in foods.