• ETRI Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.168-176
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• 2001

This paper discusses two important issues of corpus-based synthesis: synthesis unit generation based on phrase break strength information and pruning redundant synthesis unit instances. First, the new sentence set for recording was designed to make an efficient synthesis database, reflecting the characteristics of the Korean language. To obtain prosodic context sensitive units, we graded major prosodic phrases into 5 distinctive levels according to pause length and then discriminated intra-word triphones using the levels. Using the synthesis unit with phrase break strength information, synthetic speech was generated and evaluated subjectively. Second, a new pruning method based on weighted vector quantization (WVQ) was proposed to eliminate redundant synthesis unit instances from the synthesis database. WVQ takes the relative importance of each instance into account when clustering similar instances using vector quantization (VQ) technique. The proposed method was compared with two conventional pruning methods through objective and subjective evaluations of synthetic speech quality: one to simply limit the maximum number of instances, and the other based on normal VQ-based clustering. For the same reduction rate of instance number, the proposed method showed the best performance. The synthetic speech with reduction rate 45% had almost no perceptible degradation as compared to the synthetic speech without instance reduction.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.330-337
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• 1998

N-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-O-(dimethythiophosphono)-L-tyrosine (6) and N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-O-(dicyanoethylthiophosphono)-L-tyrosine (15) were prepared as intermediates for the synthesis of thiophosphotyrosine-containing peptides. The reactivity and suitability of two compounds for the solid phase or solution phase peptide synthesis utilizing t-Boc chemistry were examined.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.3085-3088
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• 2009

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.385-392
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• 2023

A solution combustion process for the synthesis of hollandite (BaAl₂Ti₆O₁₆) powders is described. SYNROC (synthetic rock) consists of four main titanate phases: perovskite, zirconolite, hollandite and rutile. Hollandite is one of the crystalline host matrices used for the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes because it immobilizes Sr and Lns elements by forming solid solutions. The solution combustion synthesis, which is a self-sustaining oxi-reduction reaction between a nitrate and organic fuel, generates an exothermic reaction and that heat converts the precursors into their corresponding oxide products in air. The process has high energy efficiency, fast heating rates, short reaction times, and high compositional homogeneity. To confirm the combustion synthesis reaction, FT-IR analysis was conducted using glycine with a carboxyl group and an amine as fuel to observe its bonding with metal element in the nitrate. TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction analysis, SEM and EDS were performed to confirm the formed phases and morphology. Powders with an uncontrolled shape were obtained through a general oxide-route process, confirming hollandite powders with micro-sized soft agglomerates consisting of nano-sized primary particles can be prepared using these methods.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1303-1304
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• 2008

Nickel wire of 0.2mm diameter and 50mm in length was exploded in ethanol for Ni nanopower synthesis. The waveform of discharge current shows that the process can be divided by ohmic heating phase and plasma state. The Ni nanopowder classified after synthesis has 100nm of mean diameter.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.310-313
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• 1990

Hantzsch synthesis of 5-formyluracil (1) methyl acetoacetate (2) and methyl 3-aminocrotonate (3) gave 2, 6-dimethyl-4-(2, 4-dioxo-5-pyrimidy)-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylic acid dimethylester (4a) in 54.6 yield. As the same procedure, 1, 3-dimethyl-5-formyl-uracil (6) gave 2, 6-dimethyl-4-(1, 3-dimethyl-2, 4-dioxo-5-pyrimidyl)-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl easter (7a) IN 52.2% yield. 4a was methylated to afford 7a also in 52% yield.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.2769-2772
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• 2009

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.318-321
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• 1993

Cyanoaccetic acid hydrazide reacted with some 2-pyrazolin-5-one, isoxazol-5-one and 2-thiazolin-4-one and their ylidene derivatives to yield several new annelated pyran heterocycles. Structures wre established on the basis of elementary analyses and spectral data studies in addition to synthesis via other routes.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.96-103
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• 2008

Objective : This research was carried out to compare the effect of Gorynju and a Soju extract Psoraleae fructus on melanin synthesis of B16 melanoma cells. Methods : To investigate melanin synthesis of B16 melanoma cells, this research was measured cell survival, tyrosinase activity, melanin synthesis, western blot. Results : Both Gorynju and Soju extract Psoraleae fructus, cell toxicity depended on the density. Tyrosinase activity depended on the density of Gorynju extract Psoraleae fructus and statistic was showed significant(0.5, 1, 2, 3 ${\mu}g/ml$), in a Soju extract Psoraleae fructus, 1 ${\mu}g/ml$ were showed significant. Melanin synthesis was showed significant in a Soju extract Psoraleae fructus(3, 4 ${\mu}g/ml$). Western blot was showed to depend on the density of Gorynju and a Soju extract Psoraleae fructus. Conclusions : In a tyrosinase activity and a melanin synthesis, the intermediate alcohol of Gorynju and a Soju may be suitable to use.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.880-881
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• 2005