• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.299-302
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• 2004

A Markovian approach is introduced to find the Laplace transform of the forward recurrence time in the renewal process at finite time t > 0. Until now, most works on the forward recurrence time have been done through renewal arguments.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1996

The mathematical expression in the forest and grassland soils to express the general concepts involved in such terms "a soil erosion and soil renewal. " The net addition rate in the forest and grassland soils are represented by an equation of $(S_{rb}-S_{ra})-(S_{eb}-S_{ea})={\int}_a^bR(m, cl, re, b, t )dt-{\int}E(w, r, cl, re, ch, b, t)dt{\gtreqqless}0$ where $S_r$, is renewal soil, $S_e$ is soil erosion, and variable factors are m =parent material of soil, cl=climate, re=relief or topography, ch=soil characteristics, r=rain or water, w=wind, b=biota, and t = time.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.1115-1132
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• 1999

We consider a supercritical multitype age dependent branching process. We define a stochastic process Zf(t) which is a functional of the empirical age distribution. When the limit of the expectation of this functional vanishes we4 find some sufficient conditions for the asymptotic normality of the mean of f with respect to the empirical age distribution at time t.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.377-385
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• 2013

We consider a compound Poisson risk model in which the premium rate changes when the surplus exceeds a threshold. The explicit form of the ruin probability for the risk model is obtained by deriving and using the overflow probability of the workload process in the corresponding M/G/1 queueing model.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Purpose: The insurance market is steadily growing, with General Agencies (GA) experiencing rapid sales increases. GAs need marketing strategies to boost contract renewal intentions by effectively managing customer relationships. This study examines the impact of perceived customer orientation and sales orientation on customer trust, identification, and renewal intentions with GA insurance planners. Research design, data, and methodology: The study surveyed customers who subscribe to insurance products from GA-affiliated insurance planners. Out of 615 respondents, 251 valid responses were analyzed using frequency analysis, measurement models, and structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. Result: The study revealed that customer orientation positively affects cognitive trust and sense of identification. In contrast, sales orientation did not significantly impact customer trust or identification. Additionally, customer trust positively influences sense of identification, and both trust and identification positively affect the intention to renew the contract. Conclusions: Implementing a customer-oriented marketing strategy is essential for providing tailored customer management services and maintaining or improving the quality of customer relationships for insurance planners. Given that insurance products require long-term management, it is crucial for planners to build trust, enhance customer identification, and offer continuous customer management to meet customers' needs effectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7690-7697
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• 2015

This study is to reveal structural causal relationship of individual factors influencing association member's substantive payment in the economic view which is a critical factor of project implementation and identify its influence through simulation and actual proof analysis. As the results of analysis, the first, association member's substantive payment is decided to allow for the difference between special price for association members and general price and the profit arising between the time of approval of disposal plan and moving in. The second, on analysis of sensitivity of individual factors influencing association member's substantive payment, floor area ratio applied to project has the biggest influence. Association member's payment is also greatly influenced by the subject of cost allocation for establishing infrastructure in project area. The third, this study set up a structure model based on causal relationship among the factors deciding association member's payment and empirically examined influence and path of influence which the individual factors exercise. The result indicates that control elements and regional characteristic elements influence association member's payment through the medium of plan elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 2022

We evaluated the effect of CO₂ offsetting by estimating changes in carbon uptake under various forest management scenarios and proposed forest management strategies to achieve carbon neutrality. Paju and Goseong, which have relatively large forest areas but different industrial characteristics, were selected for the study sites. The current state of forest distribution was analyzed using forest type maps and aerial photographs, and the amount of carbon uptake was calculated using the equation presented by the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the national emission/absorption coefficients from the Korea National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report. As of 2015, the forest carbon absorption in Paju and Goseong was 49,931 t/yr and 94,225 t/yr, respectively, and the annual carbon absorption per unit area was 2.28 t/ha/yr and 2.16 t/ha/yr. Under the forest management scenarios, the annual maximum carbon absorption per unit area is estimated to increase to 5.68 t/ha/yr in Paju and 4.22 t/ha/yr in Goseong, and this absorption would increase further if urban forests were additionally created. Even if the current forests of Paju and Goseong are maintained as they are, emissions from electricity use can be sufficiently offset. However, by applying appropriate forest management strategies, emissions from sectors other than electricity use could be offset. This study can be applied to the establishment of carbon absorption strategies in the forest sector to achieve carbon neutrality.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.963-970
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• 2012

We review novel chemical kinetics proposed for quantitative description of fluctuations in reaction times and in the number of product molecules in a heterogeneous biological system, and discuss quantitative interpretation of randomness parameter data in enzymatic turnover times of ${\beta}$-galactosidase. We discuss generalization of renewal theory for description of chemical fluctuation in product level in a multistep biopolymer reaction occurring in a dynamically heterogeneous environment. New stochastic simulation results are presented for the chemical fluctuation of a dynamically heterogeneous reaction system, which clearly show the effects of the initial state distribution on the chemical fluctuation. Our stochastic simulation results are found to be in good agreement with predictions of the analytic results obtained from the generalized master equation.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.111-125
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• 2013

In this paper, we consider a continuous time risk model involving two types of dependent claims, namely main claims and by-claims. The by-claim is induced by the main claim and the occurrence of by-claim may be delayed depending on associated main claim amount. Using Rouch$\acute{e}$'s theorem, we first derive the closed-form solution for the Laplace transform of the survival probability in the dependent risk model from an integro-differential equations system. Then, using the Laplace transform, we derive a defective renewal equation satisfied by the survival probability. For the exponential claim sizes, we present the explicit formula for the survival probability. We also illustrate the influence of the model parameters in the dependent risk model on the survival probability by numerical examples.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.471-479
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• 1995

A random shock model for a linearly deteriorating system is introduced. The system deteriorating linearly with time is subject to random shocks which arrive according to a Poisson process and decrease the state of the system by a random amount. The system is repaired by a repairmen arriving according to another Poisson process if the state when he arrives is below a threshold. Explicit expressions are deduced for the characteristic function of the distribution function of X(t), the state of the system at time t, and for the distribution function of X(t) if X(t) is over the threshold. The stationary case is briefly discussed.