• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.66-71
• /
• 2004

2 Cases of nephrotomy for removal of calculi in dog were referred to veterinary teaching hospital of Konkuk University. In case 1, a 5 year-old, castrated male Yorkshire Terrier dog was referred because of intermittent hematuria, pain in urination for one month. Hematologic and chemical examination showed mild increased BUN and CPK. Radiographic findings revealed radiopaque materials in the urinary bladder, urethra, and left kidney. Retrograde hydropropulsion was performed to move the calculi into the bladder, and cystotomy was done to remove calculi. Nephrotomy was performed to removal of the calculi from the left renal pelvis and calyx. After operation renal function were recovered and preserved. In case 2, a 5 year-old, neutral female Schnauzer dog was referred because of persistant vomiting, anorexia, and celialgia for 20 days. Hematologic and chemical examination showed stress leucogram, moderate azotemia, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and increased ALP. Radiographic findings revealed enlargement of the left kidney and radiopaque materials in the both of the kidneys. On excretory urography, left kidney was no pyelogram. On ultrasonography, renal tissue was very thin and distended renal pelvis appeared. Nephrectomy of nonfunctional left kidney and nephrotomy for removal of calculi from the right renal pelvis and calyx were done. One week after operation, renal and hepatic functions were recovered. So, in cases of renal calculi, it is necessary that renal calculi are extracted actively as far as the patient's body condition endurable.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.187-208
• /
• 1986

The conclusions which was acquired one renal cell carcinoma and renal disease 132 cases that was tested renal echogram among 4,499 cases for recent 16 months at medical department, Dae Han Kyoyuk Insurance company from August, 1984 to November, 1985 are as follows: 1. On bur ultrasonography, the echo of tumor was demonstrated with echogenicity as compared with renal parenchyme. 2. The case was stage I by Robson's modification method for pathologic histology. 3. There is no fever, typical triad of renal cell carcinoma and the result of serum biochemical test was within normal limit. 4. The frequency with disease was renal cell carcinoma(0.76%), ureteral stone(1.5%), multicystic kidney(2.27%), hydroureter(2.27%), Bilateral poly cystic kidney(4.55%), hydronephrosis(4.55%), renal agenesis(6.06%) renal calculi(18.18%), simple cyst(60.61%). 5. The frequency with age was 55/1200 case(4.58%) in $41{\sim}50$ years, 13/296 cases(4.39%) in $51{\sim}60$ years, 43/2144 cases(2.01%) in $31{\sim}40$ years, 14/791 cases(1.77%) in $21{\sim}30$ years, 7/53 cases(1.32%) more than 61 years and 0/15(0%) under 20 years. 6. The affected site of renal agenesis 8 cases was right side all. 7. In total renal disease 132 cases, the affected site of 126 cases except bilateral polycystic kidney 6 cases was right kidney 72 cases, left kidney the proportion of right to left 1.6:1 8. In total renal disease 132 cases except bilateral polycystic kidneys 6 cases, the patients affected with both side kidneys were 14 cases. 9. The affection rate with sex in total renal disease 132 cases was 98/2860 cases in male, 34/1819 cases in female and the former was about 2 times than the latter. 10. Classifying the stone with part, nephrolithiasis 24 cases were appeared high frequency, on the contray, ureteral stone 2 cases. 11. 2 cases of ureteral stone developed complication, hydronephrosis and hydroureter. 12. The linear array type transducer was not helpful for the diagnosis of lower ureteral calculi but for the lower ureteral calculi, we could see the stone with high echo in accompanying with acoustic shadowing. 13. In 24 cases of renal calculi, both side nephrolithiasis was 3 cases(12.5%). 14. In renal calculi, solitary stone could be seen extremely much and the number of stone was so much variable from 2 to 10. 15. In 26 cases with renal calculi and ureteral stone, the common clinical manifestation was a intermittent and slight pain. 16. In 80 cases of renal cyst, as one's get older, the affection rate of cyst extremely rised. 17. In bilateral polycystic kidney, large cyst had septum on the whole. 18. The patients with complication were 14 cases(10.6%) of total patients.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.313-315
• /
• 2016

An aged (14 years old) female snow leopard exhibited renal calculi and pyelonephritis at necropsy. The animal experienced appetite loss, mild diarrhea, polydipsia, and difficulty breathing, and was curled up and staggering on its hind legs 2 days before death. Large calculi were found obstructing both sides of the renal pelvis. The left-side calculus was larger than that of the right side. These calculi had rough surfaces and were $15{\times}21mm$ and $9{\times}14mm$, respectively. The bladder was filled with dark, cloudy urine. Multiple ulcerous lesions were found in the inner layer of the bladder. Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabili were identified via microbiological examination of the urine. Under microscopic examination, urine struvites were observed in the pyuria sediment in the bladder. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of nephrolithiasis in a captive snow leopard.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2005

Gobjectives and Methods to investigate into the course of incurable and relapse renal stones' differentiation of symptoms and signs and to effectively improve treatment of incurable and relapse renal stones through Oriental Medicine. To search for the papers about treatment of incurable and relapse renal stones from 1994 till 2004, and re-search papers about treatment for indicated differentiation of disease. Result and conclusions : 1. It is the kidney vacuity additionally the deficiency of qi(氣) in middle-burner that the incurable and relapse renal stones' differentiation of disease. 2. The cause is taking an overdose of attacking renal stones to eliminate dampness and heat medicine, aging, chrome disease. a sex act excess, insufficiency of congenital qi(氣), insufficient exercise, wrong treatment and stress. 3. Herb medicines are constituted supplementing kidney drugs for inhibition of renal stone's creation, drugs to diuresis and dissolve calculi, and drugs 10 exclude stasis blood(瘀血) on account of renal stones. 4. Anti-renal stone measures me sufficiently drinking water, not eating greasy food. taking medicine for supplementing kidney, diuresis and dissolve calculi by periods, and drinking substitute water to boll down medical herb as Lysimachiae Herba (金錢草) Polygoni Avicularis Herba(篇蓄).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.480-484
• /
• 2000

A 10 years old female Poodle weighing 4.38 kg and a 10 years old female Maltese weighing 4.33kg were referred to veterinary leaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk uni-versity because of hematuria and severa anorexia. Preoperative hematological and srum chemical values revealed that counts of WBC were $78.4{\times}10^3$,/TEX>/ul in the Poodle and $21.6{\times}10^3$in the Maltese, concentrations of BUN 105 and 13 mg/dl, concentrations of creatinine 4.0 and 1.4 mg/dl, concentration of ALKP 542 U/L in the Poodle and concentration of ALF 37 U/L in the Maltese, respectively. Radiographic findings were observed radiopaque bilateral nephroliths in the Poodle and right renal cal- culus in the Maltese. Ultrasonographic findings were showed hyperechoic mass with severe acoustic shadowing, which were ]ocated in the center of both kidneys parenchyma in the Poodle and in right kidney in the Maltese. Bisectional nephrotomy in right kidney for removal of calculus, which had ,sin- gle stone and more large than splitted stones in lets kidney in the Poodle, was performed under isnf- lurane anesthesia in 100% $O_2$. The time from temporary occlusion of blood flow to suture of incisioned kidney after removal of renal calculi was elapsed 12 minutes. During operation and until 24hrs after operation was infusioned mannitol and tranexanic acid solution. There were normal urination with yellow color in the Poodle at 3 days after operation and in the Maltese at 1 day and good appetite after 7 days and 1 day after operation. At 7 days and 9 days after operation, hematolgoical and seam chemical values repealed that counts of WBC were $29.8{\times}10^3/u1 in the Poodle and 13.1 {\itmes}10^3$/ul in the Mal- tese, concentrations of BUN 13 and 10 mg/dl. concentrations of creatinine 1.3 and 1.1 mg/dl, con-centrations of ALT 34 and 97U/L, concentraion of AST 10 U/L in the Poodle, respectively, By ultra-sonographic view there was not observed hyperechoic mass and radippaque calculus in operated kid-ney in radiographic view.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.243-246
• /
• 2000

A 3-year old female Poodle dog was presented with a history of anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain and depression for 2 days. After physical and blood examination, excretory urogram(EU) and ultrasonography of the abjomen were conducted. On radiographs and ultrasonographs, dilation of diverticulum, sinus, proximal ureter of right kidney and mild dilation of left renal medullar were found. And there was some leakage of contrast agent in the proximal ureter area of right kidney. So this was diagnosed as a rupture of right proximal ureter. This dog was undertaken a surgery of nephrectomy of right kidney. On surgery, dilation of right kidney and hemorrhage, adhesion were found at the proximal ureter and some calculi were also found in the pelvis of right kidney. There were no complications after surgery.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.86-90
• /
• 2009

An intact female, 5-year old, Shihtzu, weighing 3.2 kg with a history of depression, hypersalivation, dullness, and ataxia for 3 days was referred. Radiographic findings included microhepatica, bilateral renal calculi, and a cystic calculus. Ultrasonography showed microhepatica, decreased visibility of portal veins in the liver, bilateral renal calculi, a cystic calculus, and an abnormal tortuous dilated vessel in the craniodorsal abdomen. A single congenital extrahepatic portoazygous shunt was confirmed through operative mesenteric portography. The patient received surgery using an ameroid constrictor ring and recovered well.

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
• /
• v.59 no.6
• /
• pp.371-375
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To compare patients with sepsis due to obstructive urolithiasis (Sep-OU) and underwent drainage by percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) or a double-J (DJ)-ureteral stent and to identify predictive risk factors of DJ stent failure in these patients. Materials and Methods: We reviewed our records from January 2013 to July 2018 and identified 286 adult patients with Sep-OU out of which 36 had bilateral involvement, thus total 322 renal units were studied. Urologic residents in training carried out both ureteral stenting and PCN tube placement. Demographic data and stone characteristics were recorded along with Charlson comorbidity index. For predicting risk factors of DJ stent failure, those variables that had a p-value <0.1 in univariate analysis were combined in a multinomial regression analysis model. Results: The patients with PCN placement were significantly older than those with DJ stent placement (p=0.001) and also had significant number of units with multiple calculi (p=0.018). PCN was also placed more frequently in those patients with a upper ureteric calculi (p<0.05). On multinomial regression analysis multiple calculi (p=0.014; odds ratio [OR], 4.878; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.377-17.276) and larger calculi size (p=0.040; OR, 0.974; 95% CI, 0.950-0.999) were the significant predictors of DJ stent failure. Conclusions: In patients with sepsis from obstructive urolithiasis due to larger and multiple calculi a PCN placement might be better suited although this data requires further prospective randomized studies to be extrapolated.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2016

The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the color Doppler twinkling artifact in disease of urinary system. The intensity of twinkling artifact(TA) with color Doppler was classified into 3 levels, 0(non-TA) to 3(distinct TA). In the in vitro study, acorn jelly with various materials on top was examined using color Doppler at B-mode sonography in a water bath for TA. 31 patients with diagnosis of urinary calculi(renal stones 16, urinary stones 15) based on B-mode sonography were studied in vivo for TA. The materials with rough surfaces such as salt, screw and cubics at B-mode sonography with color Doppler contributed to causing TA. At B-mode sonography without color Doppler 37% of renal stones and 60% of ureter stones were detected. but at B-mode sonography with color Doppler TA was demonstrated for all cases. Superficial roughness of materials affected occurrence of TA at B-mode sonography with color Doppler. Therefore, TA at B-mode sonography without color Doppler could play a role in confident diagnosis of the disease of urinary system.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.180-185
• /
• 2007

Dichrostachys cinerea (Linn.) is commonly known as Vadatalla and used as phytotherapeutic agent. Tender shoots of the plant bruised and applied to the eyes in case of ophthalmia. The root is astringent and used in rheumatism, urinary calculi and renal troubles. The effect of the Ethanolic and aqueous extract of the root of D. cinerea were studied for its anti-urolithiatic and diuretic activity at 200 mg/kg dose level in male Wistar albino rats. Ethylene glycol feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria as well as increased renal excretion of calcium and phosphate. Supplementation with aqueous and ethanolic extract of the plant significantly reduced the elevated urinary oxalate, showing a regulatory action on endogenous oxalate synthesis. Compared to ethanolic extract, aqueous extract exhibited significant anti-urolithiatic activity. Both the extracts showed significant diuretic activity. The results of our present study supports folklore claim of D. cinerea.