• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.526-532
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• 2020

Background: The high incidence of work-related diseases and injuries among day-laborers and workers with no legal contracts (informal workers) has received the attention of the Thai authorities. Workers' low occupational health literacy (OHL) has been reasoned as one contributing factor. Absence of a valid tool has prevented assessment of informal workers' OHL. The aim of this study was to create a valid and reliable Occupational Health Literacy Scale within the context of Thai working culture (TOHLS-IF). Methods: This study used the mixed method approach to develop TOHLS-IF. Questions were generated using in-depth interviews and an extensive review of the literature. Experts' assessment confirmed the content validity of TOHLS-IF. The scales of its psychometric properties were assessed in a sample of 400 informal workers using cluster random sampling. Results: The final version of the TOHLS-IF comprises 38 items within 4 dimensions: Ability to Gain Access, Understanding, Evaluation, and Use of occupational health and safety information. Factor analysis identified items explaining 50.22% of the total variance. The final confirmatory analysis confirmed the model estimates were satisfactory for the construct. TOHLS-IF demonstrated a high internal consistency and satisfactory reliability (Cronbach's alpha = .98). Conclusion: The TOHLS-IF is a valid and reliable instrument to assess informal workers' OHL. The structural dimensions of this instrument are based on the concept of health literacy and Thai culture. Thai health professionals are encouraged to benefit from this instrument to assess their workers' OHL and apply findings as guidelines for effective occupational health and safety interventions.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.31-47
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop a reliable tool that can classify and measure detailed indicators related to the performance of ESG implementation in the country and verify their applicability. Based on World Bank's data as input data, 67 types of ESG-related detailed indicators measured in a total of 239 countries were tested to derive an optimal model that could group detailed indicators into three categories: environment, society, and governance. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that a total of 10 detailed indicators had a statistically significant relationship with the country's ESG performance. In addition, the detailed indicators showed a positive correlation with the primary latent variables E, S, and G, and showed a high overall index in the suitability of the model to secure the validity and reliability of variable input. As a result, this study confirmed that several detailed performance indicators constituting ESG can be classified as latent variables, and it can be said that clear criteria for the selection method and input validity of variables were presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.506-517
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 6 Sigma on menu management, work commitment and quality in the culinary division of hotels and family restaurants. In addition, this study sought to identify the effects of menu management, work commitment and quality performance on customer satisfaction. Furthermore the relationship between menu management and culinary quality was evaluated here. The subjects evaluated in this study were employees of culinary division of hotels and family restaurants that implemented or were about to adopt the 6 Sigma program. A total of 385 questionnaires were analyzed using factor analysis, a reliability test, and covariance structural analysis. The results revealed that the 6 Sigma program influenced menu management, work commitment and culinary quality. Moreover, menu management, work commitment and culinary quality performance were found to impact customer satisfaction and culinary quality performance. Based on these findings, culinary divisions of hotels and family restaurants should incorporate the 6 Sigma program as soon as possible. To implement this program, faultless data for the 6 Sigma program should be collected using sufficient preparation procedures. After the data were collected, a task force team should be developed, experts should be cultivated and employees should be trained as necessary. Finally, the current level of product and services should be measured and reported to all employees in the culinary division and a challenge spirit should be brought with understanding for the reason for implementation of the 6 Sigma program. In implementing the 6 Sigma program, the leadership of the top manager and the head of the culinary division is very important.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2020

The failure mode of concrete reinforced with FRP is defined as the concrete crushing and the fiber rupture and the definition of limit state is a slightly different according to the design methods. It is relatively difficult to predict of FRP reinforced concrete because the mechanical properties of fibers are quite depending on its of fibers. The design code by ACI440 committee, which has been developed mainly on GFRP having low modulus of elasticity, is widely used, but the applicability on other FRPs of this code has not been sufficiently verified. In addition, the ultimate and serviceability limit state based on the ACI440 are comparatively difficult to predict the behavior of member with the 0.8~1.2 𝜌_b because crushing and rupturing failure can be occurred simultaneously is in this region of reinforcement ratio, and predicted deflection is too sensitive according to the loading condition. Therefore, in this study, reliability and convenience of the prediction of structural performance by design methods such as ACI440 and MC90 concept, respectively, were examined through the experimental results and literature review of the beam and slab with the reinforcement ratio of 0.8 ~ 1.4. As a result of the analysis, it can be applied to the FRP reinforced structure in the case of the simple moment-curvature formula (LIM-MC) of Model Code, and the limit state design method based on the EC2 is more reliable than the ultimate strength design method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.82-93
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• 2019

Fashion cannot encourage co-consumption with other people as a personal item, but it can lead to new consumer needs if fashion sharing service can professionally replace the time and cost of purchasing and managing goods. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of fashion-sharing services based on the integration theory of user acceptance and utilization (UTAUT), and to discuss the virtuous cycle and sustainability pursuit of resources through the activation of the sharing. In this study, the research model for the acceptance of fashion sharing applications is schematized, and the survey was conducted 300 women aged 20~49 years. The screens of 'Project Anne', a representative fashion sharing service in Korea, were provided as a visual data. Reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation analysis, and multiple group analysis were performed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical package for statistical analysis. As a result, efficiency and social influence positively influenced behavioral intention to use, and age has found that efficiency and social influences modulate the intensity of behavioral intention to use. Therefore, for the consumer acceptance and activation of fashion sharing services, marketing activities emphasizing efficiency and strengthening social influence factors are essential. Also, it is necessary to maintain the existing target group, 30~40s, and also construct additional products and price services for the 20s. This study is of academic significance in presenting basic data for empirical research on consumer acceptance of fashion sharing, and suggests a study on the influence relationship among user experience components for real users in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.682-690
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• 2016

In order to present a realistic alternative to agricultural product brands which achieve quantitative growth but minimal qualitative growth, this study attempted to identify the structural factors that affect the agricultural product brand equity and quantitatively analyze the effects of the structural factors on the brand equity. For the quantitative analysis, a survey was conducted among customers with a structured questionnaire. The major results of the analysis are as follows. First, the structural factors of the agriculture product brand equity were theoretically reviewed through many preceding studies in regard to the brand and brand equity. Awareness, quality and loyalty were selected as the structural factors of the agriculture brand equity. Second, when the sub-structural factors of the agriculture product brand equity were analyzed, it was found that awareness includes familiarity, first reminding level, general awareness, sub-awareness, frequency of reference and level of people's logo recollection. Quality includes quality consistence, quality reliability, quality stability, general quality and quality for price. Loyalty includes recommendation, purchase intention, cost premium and repurchase intention. Third, in the analysis of the factors of awareness, quality and loyalty were found to be statistically significant at the 1% level of significance, and it turned out that the higher the awareness, quality and loyalty, the higher the brand equity. Fourth, the factors most influencing the brand equity differed from those obtained using the standardized coefficients. The highest standardized coefficients of the factors on rice and condiment vegetables were those for quality with values of 0.486 and 0.581, respectively, and the highest standardized coefficients of the factors on fruits and fruit vegetables were those for loyalty with values of 0.536 and 0.490, respectively. Finally, it was found to be more effective to develop brand policies using an approach based on awareness, quality and loyalty by item. Also, focusing on enhancing the quality when developing brand policies for rice and vegetables, or focusing on enhancing loyalty when developing brand policies for fruit and vegetables was found to be more efficient using the limited resources.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.57-63
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• 2009

With an exponential increase in electronic commerce (e-commerce), marketers are attempting to gain a competitive advantage by emphasizing service quality and post interaction service aspects, which leads to customer satisfaction or behavioral consequence. Particularly for apparel, service quality is one of the key determinants in encouraging customer e-loyalty, and hence the success of apparel retailing in the context of electronic commerce. Therefore, this study explores e-service quality (E-SERVQUAL) factors and their unique effects on e-loyalty for apparel online shopping based on Parasuraman et al' s (2005) framework. Specific objectives of this study are to identify underlying dimension of E-SERVQUAL, and analyze a structural model for examining the effect of E-SERVQUAL on e-loyalty for online apparel shopping. For the theoretical framework of service quality in the context of online shopping, literatures on traditional and electronic service quality factors were comparatively reviewed, and two aspects of core and recovery services were identified. This study hypothesized that E-SERVQUAL has an effect on e-loyalty; customer satisfaction has a positive effect on e-service loyalty for apparel online shopping; and customer satisfaction mediates in the effect of E-SERVQUAL on e-loyalty for apparel online shopping. A self-administered questionnaire was developed based on literatures. A total of 252 usable questionnaires were obtained from online consumers who had purchase experience with online shopping for apparel products and reside in standard metropolitan areas, in the United States. Factor analysis (e.g., exploratory, confirmatory) was conducted to assess the validity and reliability and the structural equation model including measurement and structural models was estimated via LISREL 8.8 program. Findings showed that the E-SERVQUAL of shopping websites for apparel consisted of five factors: Compensation, Fulfillment, Efficiency, System Availability, and Responsiveness. This supports Parasuraman (2005)'s E-S-QUAL encompassing two aspects of core service (e.g., fulfillment, efficiency, system availability) and recovery related service (e.g., compensation, responsiveness) in the context of apparel shopping online. In the structural equation model, there are five exogenous latent variables for e-SERVQUAL factors; and two endogenous latent variables (e.g., customer satisfaction, e-loyalty). For the measurement model, the factor loadings for each respective construct were statistically significant and were greater than .60 and internal consistency reliabilities ranged from .85 to .88. In the estimated structural model of the e-SERVEQUAL factors, the system availability was found to have direct and positive effect on e-loyalty, whereas efficiency had a negative effect on e-loyalty for apparel online shopping. However, fulfillment was not a significant predictor for explaining consequences of E-SERVQUAL for apparel online shopping. This finding implies that perceived service quality of system available was likely to increase customer satisfaction for apparel online shopping. However, it was not supported that e-loyalty was determined by service quality, because service quality has an indirect effect on e-loyalty (i.e., repurchase intention) by mediating effect of value or satisfaction in the context of online shopping for apparel. In addition, both compensation and responsiveness were found to have a significant impact on customer satisfaction, which influenced e-loyalty for apparel online shopping. Thus, there was significant indirect effect of compensation and responsiveness on e-loyalty. This suggests that the recovery-specific service factors play an important role in maximizing customer satisfaction levels and then maintaining customer loyalty to the online shopping site for apparel. The findings have both managerial and research implications. Fashion marketers can establish long-term relationship with their customers based on continuously measuring customer perceptions for recovery-related service quality, such as quick responses to problem and returns, and compensation for customers' problem after their purchases. In order to maintain e-loyalty, recovery services play an important role in the first choice websites for consumers to purchase clothing. Given that online consumers may shop anywhere, a marketing strategy for improving competitive advantages is to provide better service quality, maximize satisfaction, and turn to creating customers' e-loyalty for apparel online shopping. From a researcher's perspective, there are some limitations of this research that should be considered when interpreting its findings. For future research, findings provide a basis for the further study of this important topic along both theoretical and empirical dimensions. Based on the findings, more comprehensive models for predicting E-SERVQUAL's consequences can be developed and tested. For global fashion marketing, this study can expand to a cross-cultural approach into e-service quality for apparel by including multinational samples.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.49-62
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• 2015

Give that statistical analysis is an essential component of foodservice-related research, the purpose of this review is to analyse research trends of statistical methods applied to foodservice-related research. To achieve these objective, this study carried out a content analysis on a total of 251 out of 415 research articles published in The Korean Journal of Culinary Research(TKJCR) from January 2010 to December 2013. Of the total 164 research articles focussing on natural science research, qualitative research, articles written in English were excluded from the scope of this study. The results of this study are as follows. First, it turned out that 269 research articles applied quantitative research methods, and only 10 articles applied qualitative research methods among the 279 research articles based on social science research methods. Second, 20 article (8.0%) among the 251 did not specify the statistical methods or computer programs that were used for statistical analysis. Third, it was found that 228 articles (90.8%) used the SPSS program for data analysis. Fourth, in terms of frequency of use, it was revealed frequency analysis was most used, followed in order by reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, t-test, variance analysis, and cross tabs analysis, However, 3 out of 56 research articles that used a t-test did not suggest a t-value. 10 out of 64 articles that used ANOVA and demonstrated a significant difference in between-group mean did not conducted post-hoc test. Therefore, the researchers with interest in foodservice fields need to keep in mind that choosing and applying the correct statistical technique both determine the value and the success or failure of a study. To enhance the value and success of a study, it is necessary to use the proper statistical technique in an efficient way in order to prevent statistical errors.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.125-156
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• 2009

The primary purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of the users' satisfaction and commitment in personal media. For these purposes, we developed a research model based on the literature reviews of personal media, perceived risk and interactivity, satisfaction, and commitment. This study has identified four dimensions in the concept of perceived risk, such as privacy risk, social risk, time loss risk, and economic risk, and three dimensions in the concept of perceived interactivity, such as active control, two-way communication, and responsiveness. In survey, data were collected from 428 male and female who have an experience in personal media. Data was analyzed factor analysis, reliability analysis, measurement model analysis, and structural model analysis by utilizing SPSS 15.0 and AMOS 5.0 program. Analysis results of research model indicate the following. Firstly, privacy risk, active control, two-way communication, and responsiveness are significantly related satisfaction. Secondly, privacy risk, time loss risk, economic risk, active control, and two-way communication are significantly related commitment. Thirdly, users' satisfaction has positive relationship with commitment in personal media. Based on these results, theoretical implications for relevant researchers and managerial implications for personal media vitalization and marketing strategy are discussed. Finally, limitations for this study and further research issues are suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the suitability of the research model on the intentions of university students to watch mega sports events for people with disabilities to which the theory of planned behavior was applied, and to examine the influence relationship between variables. Based on the items of sub-variables derived from the previous research, the questionnaire was optimally constructed through expert meetings, validity, and reliability verification. For data analysis, Cronbach's 𝛼 and exploratory factor analysis were performed using SPSS 21.0, and structural equation model analysis (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed using AMOS 18.0. The results were as follows; first, as a result of verification of the research model of intentions of university students to watch mega sports events with people with disabilities to which the theory of planned behavior was applied, the evaluation indices of CFI, NFI, and IFI met the acceptance criteria, indicating that this research model was well suited. Second, as a result of examining the influence relationship of the research model on the intentions of university students to watch mega sports event for people with disabilities, it was found that the behavioral beliefs and normative beliefs of university students had a significantly positive (+) influence to intentions. However, it was found that there was a significantly negative (-) influence on the control beliefs to intentions.