• Title/Summary/Keyword: reliability information of distance data

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Accuracy Estimation of Electro-optical Camera (EOC) on KOMPSAT-1

  • Park, Woon-Yong;Hong, Sun-Houn;Song, Youn-Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Geomatics
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.47-55
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    • 2002
  • Remote sensing is the science and art of obtaining information about an object, area or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object, area, or phenomenon under investigation./sup 1)/ EOC (Electro -Optical Camera) sensor loaded on the KOMPSAT-1 (Korea Multi- Purpose Satellite-1) performs the earth remote sensing operation. EOC can get high-resolution images of ground distance 6.6m during photographing; it is possible to get a tilt image by tilting satellite body up to 45 degrees at maximum. Accordingly, the device developed in this study enables to obtain images by photographing one pair of tilt image for the same point from two different planes. KOMPSAT-1 aims to obtain a Korean map with a scale of 1:25,000 with high resolution. The KOMPSAT-1 developed automated feature extraction system based on stereo satellite image. It overcomes the limitations of sensor and difficulties associated with preprocessing quite effectively. In case of using 6, 7 and 9 ground control points, which are evenly spread in image, with 95% of reliability for horizontal and vertical position, 3-dimensional positioning was available with accuracy of 6.0752m and 9.8274m. Therefore, less than l0m of design accuracy in KOMPSAT-1 was achieved. Also the ground position error of ortho-image, with reliability of 95%, is 17.568m. And elevation error showing 36.82m was enhanced. The reason why elevation accuracy was not good compared with the positioning accuracy used stereo image was analyzed as a problem of image matching system. Ortho-image system is advantageous if accurate altitude and production of digital elevation model are desired. The Korean map drawn on a scale of 1: 25,000 by using the new technique of KOMPSAT-1 EOC image adopted in the present study produces accurate result compared to existing mapping techniques involving high costs with less efficiency.

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A study on Zigbee Authentication Protocol Using System IDs in Environments of Smart Grid (스마트 그리드 환경에서 시스템 ID를 이용한 지그비 인증 프로토콜에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Mok;Im, Song-Bin
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.101-110
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    • 2011
  • A smart grid networks delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using digital technology with two-way communications to control appliances at consumers' homes to save energy, reduce cost and increase reliability and transparency. Security is critically important for smart grid networks that are usually used for the electric power network and IT environments that are opened to attacks, such as, eavesdroping, replay attacks of abnormal messages, forgery of the messages to name a few. ZigBee has emerged as a strong contender for smart grid networks. ZigBee is used for low data rate and low power wireless network applications. To deploy smart grid networks, the collected information requires protection from an adversary over the network in many cases. The security mechanism should be provided for collecting the information over the network. However, the ZigBee protocol has some security weaknesses. In this paper, these weaknesses are discussed and a method to improve security aspect of the ZigBee protocol is presented along with a comparison of the message complexity of the proposed security protocol with that of the current ZigBee protocol.

Development of Bus Notification Systems Based on IoT for Vulnerable Pedestrians (교통약자를 위한 사물인터넷 기반 버스 알림 서비스 시스템 개발)

  • Jang, Won-Chang;Park, Ji-Sang;Lee, Myung-Eui
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.588-594
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    • 2016
  • As more populations are getting older, the number of vulnerable pedestrians is increasing, thereby social problems related to transportations also frequently occur in different areas and situations. Many of such problems come from bus drivers who may pass bus stops not recognizing passengers about to board. In this paper, we propose a new IoT bus notification system developed to avoid these situations. Our implementation aims to gain bus service routes using publicly opened data, notify passengers about bus stop locations using GPS information and finally deliver the positions of those passengers to the bus drivers so that they can hardly miss passengers who are willing to board on the right stop. By creating an application, it was conducted by means of a GPS to communicate the location of the vehicle by means of GPS and transfer data to the location of the vehicle. Experimental results show that it is possible to accurately determine the position of passengers even in a crowded race area. The average error distance is 31m, and if the data to be processed as error is excluded, it provides a high reliability as 19m.

Quantitative Study of CO2 based on Satellite Image for Carbon Budget on Flux Tower Watersheds (플럭스 타워 설치 유역을 대상으로 탄소수지 분석을 위한 위성영상자료기반의 CO2 정량화 연구)

  • Jung, Chung Gil;Lee, Yong Gwan;Kim, Seong Joon;Jang, Cheol Hee
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.57 no.3
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    • pp.109-120
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    • 2015
  • Spatial heterogeneous characteristics of solar radiation energy from Climate Change gives rise to energy imbalance in the general ecological system including water resources. This study is to estimate the $CO_2$ flux of South Korea using Terra MODIS image and to assess the reliability of MODIS data from the ground measured $CO_2$ flux by eddy covariance flux tower data at 3 locations (two at mixed forest area and one at rice paddy area). The MODIS Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) product (MOD17A2), 8-day composite at 1-km spatial resolution was adopted for the spatial $CO_2$ flux generation. The MOD17A2 data by noise like cloud and snow in a day were tried to fill by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method from valid pixels and the damping effect of MOD17A2 data were corrected by Quality Control (QC) flag. The MODIS $CO_2$ flux was estimated as the sum of GPP and Re (ecosystem respiration) by Lloyd and Taylor method (1994). The determination coefficient ($R^2$) between MODIS $CO_2$ and flux tower $CO_2$ for 3 years (2011~2013) showed 0.55 and 0.60 in 2 mixed forests and 0.56 in rice paddy respectively. The $CO_2$ flux generally fluctuated showing minus values during summer rainy season (from July to August) and maintaining plus values for other periods. The MODIS $CO_2$ flux can be a useful information for extensive area, for example, as a reliable indicator on ecological circulation system.

Design of Network Architecture in Underground Structure Field Information Based on VI-GNSS (VI-GNSS 지하구조물 현장정보 네트워크 아키텍쳐 설계)

  • Jeon, Heung-Soo;Jang, Yong-Gu;Oh, Chang-Kyun;Kim, Min-Koan
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.64-73
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    • 2015
  • Recently, the integrated utilization of technology with IT is in demand for the effectiveness of field management together with the prevention and prompt action on safety accident at construction site. In addition, the establishment of construction site support system is necessary to implement the securing of worker's safety, smooth work instruction, efficiency in construction, and others. Data standardization and network architecture were designed regarding data and sound information for data transmission between systems and management. These were to construct USFSS based on integrated VI-GNSS technology in this research. In the stability test of data for each system constructed through it, around 98% stability was secured between workers and for transfer vehicle system within underground structure and field server system in regards to the data transmission stability, around 100% stability was secured between field server system and control system, respectively. Also, in the sound transmission stability test, around 99% reliability could be secured with 1km distance as its standard in case of sound transmission from underground structure construction site to field office near the field through wireless FRS system.

Multiple-image Encryption and Multiplexing Using a Modified Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm in Fresnel-transform Domain and Computational Ghost Imaging

  • Peiming Zhang;Yahui Su;Yiqiang Zhang;Leihong Zhang;Runchu Xu;Kaimin Wang;Dawei Zhang
    • Current Optics and Photonics
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.362-377
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    • 2023
  • Optical information processing technology is characterized by high speed and parallelism, and the light features short wavelength and large information capacity; At the same time, it has various attributes including amplitude, phase, wavelength and polarization, and is a carrier of multi-dimensional information. Therefore, optical encryption is of great significance in the field of information security transmission, and is widely used in the field of image encryption. For multi-image encryption, this paper proposes a multi-image encryption algorithm based on a modified Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm (MGSA) in the Fresnel-transform domain and computational ghost imaging. First, MGSA is used to realize "one code, one key"; Second, phase function superposition and normalization are used to reduce the amount of ciphertext transmission; Finally, computational ghost imaging is used to improve the security of the whole encryption system. This method can encrypt multiple images simultaneously with high efficiency, simple calculation, safety and reliability, and less data transmission. The encryption effect of the method is evaluated by using correlation coefficient and structural similarity, and the effectiveness and security of the method are verified by simulation experiments.

The Case Study for Childcare Service Demand Forecasting Using Bigdata Reference Analysis Model (빅데이터 표준분석모델을 활용한 초등돌봄 수요예측 사례연구)

  • Yun, Chung-Sik;Jeong, Seung Ryul
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.87-96
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    • 2022
  • This paper is an empirical analysis as a reference model that can predict up to the maximum number of elementary school student care needs in local governments across the country. This study analyzed and predicted the characteristics of the region based on machine learning to predict the demand for elementary care in a new apartment complex. For this purpose, a total of 292 variables were used, including data related to apartment structure, such as number of parking spaces per household, and building-to-land ratio, environmental data around apartments such as distance to elementary schools, and population data of administrative districts. The use of various variables is of great significance, and it is meaningful in complex analysis. It is also an empirical case study that increased the reliability of the model through comparison with the actual value of the basic local government.

Edge to Edge Model and Delay Performance Evaluation for Autonomous Driving (자율 주행을 위한 Edge to Edge 모델 및 지연 성능 평가)

  • Cho, Moon Ki;Bae, Kyoung Yul
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.191-207
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    • 2021
  • Up to this day, mobile communications have evolved rapidly over the decades, mainly focusing on speed-up to meet the growing data demands of 2G to 5G. And with the start of the 5G era, efforts are being made to provide such various services to customers, as IoT, V2X, robots, artificial intelligence, augmented virtual reality, and smart cities, which are expected to change the environment of our lives and industries as a whole. In a bid to provide those services, on top of high speed data, reduced latency and reliability are critical for real-time services. Thus, 5G has paved the way for service delivery through maximum speed of 20Gbps, a delay of 1ms, and a connecting device of 106/㎢ In particular, in intelligent traffic control systems and services using various vehicle-based Vehicle to X (V2X), such as traffic control, in addition to high-speed data speed, reduction of delay and reliability for real-time services are very important. 5G communication uses high frequencies of 3.5Ghz and 28Ghz. These high-frequency waves can go with high-speed thanks to their straightness while their short wavelength and small diffraction angle limit their reach to distance and prevent them from penetrating walls, causing restrictions on their use indoors. Therefore, under existing networks it's difficult to overcome these constraints. The underlying centralized SDN also has a limited capability in offering delay-sensitive services because communication with many nodes creates overload in its processing. Basically, SDN, which means a structure that separates signals from the control plane from packets in the data plane, requires control of the delay-related tree structure available in the event of an emergency during autonomous driving. In these scenarios, the network architecture that handles in-vehicle information is a major variable of delay. Since SDNs in general centralized structures are difficult to meet the desired delay level, studies on the optimal size of SDNs for information processing should be conducted. Thus, SDNs need to be separated on a certain scale and construct a new type of network, which can efficiently respond to dynamically changing traffic and provide high-quality, flexible services. Moreover, the structure of these networks is closely related to ultra-low latency, high confidence, and hyper-connectivity and should be based on a new form of split SDN rather than an existing centralized SDN structure, even in the case of the worst condition. And in these SDN structural networks, where automobiles pass through small 5G cells very quickly, the information change cycle, round trip delay (RTD), and the data processing time of SDN are highly correlated with the delay. Of these, RDT is not a significant factor because it has sufficient speed and less than 1 ms of delay, but the information change cycle and data processing time of SDN are factors that greatly affect the delay. Especially, in an emergency of self-driving environment linked to an ITS(Intelligent Traffic System) that requires low latency and high reliability, information should be transmitted and processed very quickly. That is a case in point where delay plays a very sensitive role. In this paper, we study the SDN architecture in emergencies during autonomous driving and conduct analysis through simulation of the correlation with the cell layer in which the vehicle should request relevant information according to the information flow. For simulation: As the Data Rate of 5G is high enough, we can assume the information for neighbor vehicle support to the car without errors. Furthermore, we assumed 5G small cells within 50 ~ 250 m in cell radius, and the maximum speed of the vehicle was considered as a 30km ~ 200 km/hour in order to examine the network architecture to minimize the delay.

A Comparative Study on the Influence of Creation Shared Value Activities on Continuous Use Intention in Korean-Chinese Library Big Data Service: Focusing on Brand Quality and Social Resistance

  • Dong, JingWen
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.24 no.10
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    • pp.129-137
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    • 2019
  • In this paper, we propose the purpose of this study is to examine whether the library's creation shared value activities in China and Korea affect brand quality, social status, and the influence of each variable according to the Chinese and Korean groups. To achieve the purpose of this study, the survey was conducted using questionnaires to users who have used the Big Data Sharing Service in Korean and Chinese libraries. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed to participants in the study, and 460 of the recovered questionnaire were used in the final analysis, which eliminated unfaithful responses. The data collected through the survey were analyzed as frequency analysis, reliability analysis, confirmed factor analysis, and structured model using statistical programs SPSS22 and AMOS22. The results of the research identified through the empirical analysis of this study are as follows. First, the CSV activities of the library's big data have a significant influence on the brand quality and social status. Second, brand quality and social resistance has a significant positive effect on continuous use intention. Third, the influence of the CSV activities in Korean and Chinese libraries has been found to be partly different. Through the conclusion and discussion section, the theoretical implications of this study, practical implications and in-depth discussions on the limitations of the study and its future direction were presented.

A Study on the Development of Next Generation Wireless PAN Algorithms with Location Awareness Technique (위치인식기반의 차세대 무선 PAN 알고리즘 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Juphil
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.16 no.10
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    • pp.2095-2100
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, we propose the channel sounding scheme which is made for ideal communication between some application as well as the short distance of high speed data transmission in MIMO-OFDM system for Wireless PAN. This method is able to perceive the duration of the impulse response through the delaying of power delay profile, modeled a power delay profile which has an attenuate characteristic, and obtained the coefficient of channel response by ML (maximum likelihood). Through the amplitudes, phases and delays associated with each multipath component which were acquired from this channel sounding scheme, we can describe the wave propagation characteristics of channels between the transmitter and receiver so that the receiver could enhance not only the reliability but also the ability of communication link. Multi agent system models can be used to analyze the path of the system within any time frame. Further, parameter values can be perturbed to examine how the path of the system changes in response to exogenous shocks.