• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.2
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• pp.64-82
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• 1999

This study was conducted to test the reliability and validity of Maternal Self-Report Inventory that was developed by Shea and Tronick for measuring maternal self-esteem. The subjects were 154 mothers. The construct validity for the scale was tested by factor analysis with five factor loading solution based on the previous study. One item was excluded because total-item correlation was too low, so that the number of total items were twenty-five, the analysis yielded five well defined factors: confidence on the maternal role, general ability of maternal role, caretaking ability, readiness on maternal role, and feeling on the pregnancy and deli very. These five factors explained 52.38% of the variance in the maternal self-esteem. Maternal self-esteem was not affected by maternal age, educational level, occupation, religion, delivery type, or parity. The reliability of the scale was determined with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Guttman split-half coefficient. Cronbach's alpha was .82, for 26 items, and .83 if one item was deleted. Guttman split-half cofficient was .75. In subscale analysis, Cronbach's alpha was .63~.84. In conclusion. Maternal Self-Report Inventory showed a high degree of validity and reliability, suitable in Korean mothers for measuring maternal self-esteem. In the further study, it would be necessary to compare the maternal self-esteem between mothers with normal babies and premature babies, for confirming the criterion-related validity of the inventory.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.161-173
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and test a measurement of the suicidal protection(MSP) for high school students in Korea. Methods: Thirty-four preliminary items were initially developed based on literature review and focus group interviews. Those items were evaluated by experts for content validity with 31 items yielded. For testing validity and reliability of the measurement, data were collected from 330 high school students in Korea. Results: The item analysis selected 26 items. One item was deleted additionally through the primary exploratory factor analysis. The final exploratory factor analysis yielded 26 items in six factors such as fear of suicide, self-esteem, emotion regulation, support from others, support from family, and school life, explaining 66.6% of the total variance of the suicidal protection for high school students in Korea. Convergent validity and discriminant validity were supported by construct reliability, average variance extracted estimate, and standardized regression weight. MSP scores were positively associated with economic status, academic record and suicidal ideation. Also, criterion validity was supported through a significant correlation with the Reason for Living Inventory for Adolescent. The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ reliability coefficient was .93 for the overall measurement and .72~.86 for the six factors. Conclusion: The results show that MSP may be valid and reliable for assessing suicidal protection of high school students.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.106-117
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• 2021

The aim is to find cyber measures in consideration of physical CPTED in order to prepare countermeasures for cybercrime prevention. For this, the six applied principles of CPTED were used as the standard. A new control item was created in connection with the control items of ISO27001. A survey was conducted on former and current investigators and security experts. As a result of the reliability analysis, the Kronbar alpha coefficient value was 0.947, indicating the reliability of the statistical value. As a result of factor analysis, it was reduced to six factors. The following are six factors and countermeasures. Nature monitoring blocks opportunities and strengthens business continuity. Access control is based on management system compliance, personnel security. Reinforcement of territoriality is reinforcement of each wife and ethics. Establishment of security policy to enhance readability, security system maintenance. Increasing usability is seeking ways to utilize, periodic incentives. For maintenance, security education is strength and security-related collective cooperation is conducted. The differentiation of this study was to find countermeasures against cybercrime in the psychological part of the past. However, they approached to find in cyber measures. The limitation of the study is to bring the concept of physical CPTED to the cyber concept.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.271-283
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a scale measuring the Tae-Wom in nurses. Methods: The initial items were based on an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with seven nurses with varied careers. Thirty-five items were derived from a pilot survey. Data were collected from 196 hospital nurses, and analyzed to identify items of the scale as well as to verify the exploratory factor analysis, reliability, and validity of the scale. Results: The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that six factors contained 26 items and 65.2% of the total explained variance. These six factors comprised negative behavior exhibited by the Tae-Wom recipient, personal character of the Tae-Wom giver, personal character of nursing unit managers, work attitude of the Tae-Wom giver, overwhelming workload, and unskilled relationships. Furthermore, convergent and discriminant validity testing verified these items. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach's α= .93), and Cronbach's α for each factor ranged from .62 to .90. Conclusion: The developed Tae-Wom scale will serve as a tool for verifying the Tae-Wom state in nursing organizations. Therefore, this scale is expected to mitigate the negative effects of the Tae-Wom.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2022

Purpose: This study developed an instrument to evaluate the health empowerment of North Korean women refugees and examined its validity and reliability. Methods: Through literature review and focused group interviews, 66 preliminary items with three constructs, including perceived control, perceived competence, and goal internalization were selected based on Menon's psychological health empowerment model. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 239 North Korean women refugees in the community from August 31 to September 4, 2020. Content, construct, convergent, and discriminative validity were evaluated. Cronbach's α was used to evaluate the reliability of scale. Results: The final instrument consisted of 31 items with three factors that were identified through confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent validity showed that the correlation coefficient was .52 (p < .001), which confirmed the validity of the developed measurement tool. Cronbach's α for all the items was .94, and Cronbach's α for the factors was .76~.91. Conclusion: This health empowerment scale has been developed to include aspects of health empowerment, provide a conceptual framework, and offer objective indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to verify the reliability and validity of the Job Meaning Scale for Nutrition Teachers (JMS-NT). The JMS-NT, the Nutrition Teacher Job Satisfaction Scale (NTJSS), and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) were administered to 180 nutrition teachers (female: 180, male: 0). The results showed that the JMS-NT had a three-factor structure in exploratory factor analysis. In addition, the test-retest reliability for all three factors of the JMS-NT was in the range of 0.69 to 0.85, and the internal consistency was in the range of 0.92 to 0.94, showing that they met the standards. The results of conducting Pearson correlation analyses between the JMS-NT and validity indicators such as the NTJSS and the MLQ were statistically significant, confirming the criterion validity of the scale. The above results show that the JMS-NT is a reliable and valid tool to measure the three factors of the job meaning of the nutrition teachers. Finally, the theoretical and practical significance, limitations, and future research tasks of the study were discussed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.216-225
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• 2024

Purpose: Selection-optimization-compensation (SOC) models have been proposed and applied to various populations to examine successful aging from a multidimensional perspective. This study aimed to develop a scale to measure SOC strategy among late middle-aged women (aged 50 to 64 years) and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: Preliminary items were developed through a literature review and interviews. Overall, 32 preliminary items were confirmed via two rounds of expert content validity analysis and a pilot survey. Data were collected from 299 late middle-aged women and analyzed using IBM SPSS/PC+ version 27.0. Construct validity, criterion validity, and reliability tests were conducted. Results: The SOC strategy scale, reflecting the characteristics of late middle-aged women and developed through exploratory factor analysis, comprised 19 items across four factors: goal-oriented selection, compensation for loss, outcome optimization, and ability-based optimization. The scale explained 66.9% of the variance in total factors, with a Cronbach's α of .95. Statistically significant correlations with the reference scale (r=.30, p<.001) were observed. Conclusion: The developed scale demonstrated high validity and reliability, thus representing a viable instrument for measuring SOC strategy among late middle-aged women. Using this scale to assess the use of SOC approaches in these women can improve our understanding of the aging process and help establish supportive programs for their aging journeys.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.50
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• pp.163-185
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to suggest competitiveness promotion factors of korean Parcel Express Service Industry. This study considered in terms of three competitiveness promotion factors which are a firm's subjective factors, a industrial environment factors, and a governmental policy factors. According to analysis results of the factors, a firm's subjective factors(4.07 score) are scored the most ones of competitiveness promotion factors of korean Parcel Express Service Industry, to be compared with a industrial environment factors(3.89 score), with a governmental policy factors(3.76 score). Therefore, first of all, korean Parcel Express Service firms have to promote competitiveness through as follows : (1) speedy meeting to customer's needs, (2) to promote customer service, to reduce delivery lead time, (3) to procure reliability of Parcel Express Service with customers mutually, (4) strategy of global Parcel Express Service.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2000

This study empirically tests that user satisfactions are influenced by factors focusing on information systems. The findings are as follows； 1. User Participation on information systems influence significantly system reliability, system usage and work environment. 2. Only top management's support on information system influences significantly efficient system usage. 3. Ability of user computing on information system influences significantly system usage.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.183-191
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• 2004

This paper shows that there are some extra-factors on the evaluation of lecture by students. The extra-factors are sex, day and nighttime, academic year, size of lecture, and grades. And this paper analysis the proportion of the student which put the same mark on all items(same marked proportion).