• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

In this study, disaster damage investigation system was developed using high resolution satellite images and GIS technique to afford effective damage investigation system for widely disaster damaged area. Study area was selected in Bonghwa, Gyungsangbukdo where high magnitude of damages from torrential rain has occurred at July in 2008. GIS DB was built using 1:5,000 topographic map, cadastral map, satellite image and aerial photo to apply for investigation algorithm. Disaster damage investigation system was developed using VB NET languages, ArcObject component and MS-SQL DBMS for effective management of damage informations. The system can finding damaged area comparing pre- and post-disaster images and drawing damaged area according to the damage item unit. Extracted object was saved in Shape file format and overlayed with background GIS DB for obtaining detail information of damaged area. Disaster damage investigation system using high resolution spatial images can extract damage information rapidly and highly reliably for widely disaster areas. This system can be expected to highly contributing to enhance the disaster prevention capabilities in national level field investigation supporting and establishing recovery plan etc. This system can be utilized at the plan of disaster prevention through digital damage information and linked in national disaster information management system. Further studies are needed to better improvement in system and cover for the linkage of damage information with digital disaster registry.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.467-474
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• 2007

Objectives : Gastric cancer is the most common incident cancer in Korea. Although Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important risk factor for the development of gastric cancer, cigarette smoking has also been suggested to play an important role in the development of gastric cancer. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer risk in a Korean population. Methods : The study population consisted of 13,785 subjects who had been enrolled in the Korean Multi-Center Career Cohort between 1993 and 2002. As of December 2002, 139 incident gastric cancer cases were ascertained through the Korea Central Cancer Registry and the National Death Certificate Database. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for gastric cancer were estimated using Cox#s proportional hazard model adjusted for age, education, alcohol drinking status and history of gastritis or ulcer. Results : Significant dose-response relationships were observed between the duration of smoking and the risk of gastric cancer among the male subjects in comparison to non-smokers: men who smoked for 20-39 years had a 2.09-fold (95% CI 1.00-4.38) increase, and those who smoked for more than 40 years had a 3.13-fold (95% CI 1.59-6.17) increase in the risk of gastric cancer ($P_{trend}<0.01$). Conclusions : This study suggests that a longer duration of cigarette smoking may increase the risk of gastric cancer development in a dose-response manner in Korean men. The association between smoking and gastric cancer risk in women should be verified in future studies with a larger number of cases.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.453-458
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• 2008

This study aimed to develop an evaluation reliability of Korean pattern identification for wind stroke. We studied 643 patients with stroke and made a list of registry for each of them. The present study analyzed 553 cases, in which the resident’s pattern identification agreed with the specialist’s one, and the cases included five differentiation pattern: the fire-heat pattern (114), the dampness-phlegm pattern (157), the static blood pattern (11), the Yin deficiency pattern (81), and the Qi deficiency pattern (190). This study showed that none of the Cronbach's alpha reached 0.700, which is the general reliable level. The average Cronbach's alpha of each symptoms was 0.353 for the dampness-phlegm pattern, 0.571 for the fire-heat pattern, 0.443 for the Qi deficiency pattern, 0.451 for the Yin deficiency pattern, and 0.302 for the static blood pattern. This suggests the possibility that each pattern identification could be coincided with other symptoms, and it also shows the limits of pattern identification of this study that narrows the symptoms of paralysis patients into only a single pattern. Continuous compliments and researches should be done referring to this matter. However, the internal consistency analysis of all the pattern identification showed that every Cronbach's alpha were within the range of 0.670 to 0.703, and the Cronbach's alpha of the whole symptoms was evaluated as 0.692, which makes the reliability of the pattern identification as itself almost satisfactory to the general reliable level, and therefore, significant. In the future, continuous clinical research to develope this pattern identification for wind stroke actually applicable to stroke patients needs to be made through accumulating more cases, improving the objectivity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the independent factors associated with the registration rate for the community-based post suicidal care program in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between March and December 2013 at the academic ED at the tertiary urban hospital. During the study period, the pre-designed registry was recorded. The variables examined included the following: patients' demographic data (Sex, age, address, type of insurance, marital status, level of education, and history of previous psychiatric disease), suicide-related data (suicidal methods, combined drink of alcohol and number of previous attempts), and management-related data (disposition at ED, physician's training level, etc.). Univariated and multivariated logistic regression analyses were performed for identification of factors affecting the registration rate for the community-based post suicidal care program. Results: A total of 163 suicides were included during the study period. Of these, 33 (20.2%) patients were registered in the post-suicide care program. Factors including a patient's address (OR: 14.92, 95% CI: 3.606-61.711), immediate intervention by psychiatric healthcare center (OR: 5.05, CI: 1.688-15.134), admissions in hospital (OR: 3.69, CI: 1.286-10.605), and history of previous psychiatric disease (OR: 3.52, CI: 1.216-10.201) showed significant association with registration for the program. Conclusion: The community-based post-suicidal care program, which is available 24 hours a day, should be operated in each district in order to increase the registration rate. Emergency physicians should actively consider the inpatient treatment program for suicidal patients and strongly recommend registration to the program, particularly for patients without previous history of psychiatric disease.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 1999

췌장이식의 성공률은 지난 10년 동안 상당히 상승되었다. International Pancreas Transplant Registry에 따르면 1995년 이래 미국에서만 매년 1,000건 이상의 췌장이식이 실시되고 있다. 장기이식후 나타나는 급성 거부반응은 이식 후 6개월 이내에 가장 높은 빈도수로 나타난다. 췌장이식환자에서는 신장을 이식한 것보다 두배나 높은 거부반응을 나타나며 이로 인한 입원율의 증가 항림프제(antilyinphocyte) 사용과 감염의 증가로 이환율이 높다. 더구나 Cyclosporine (CsA)을 기초로 한 면역억제제요법의 사용은 높은 급성 거부반응률(acute graft rejection)을 초래하여 이식한 장기의 조직손실이 문제가 되고 있다. 새로운 면역억제제인 Tacrolimus (FK506)의 사용은 이식환자에서의 거부반응을 감소시켜 생존율을 증가시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. Tacrolimus는 neutral macrolide로 cyclic peptide인 CsA과는 화학 구조는 매우 다르나 비슷한 면역억제 효과를 보인다. 하지만 Tacrolimus의 사용시 신경독성, 신독성, 특히 고혈당증의 발생률이 높아 일부 이식센터에서는 장기 이식 후에 사용하기를 꺼리기도 한다. 하지만 여러 연구논문에서 간과 신장 이식 후 급성 거부반응 예방에 Tacrolimus는 CsA에 비해 이점이 있는 결과를 발표하였다. 결과적으로, 현재 췌장이식 후 Tacrolimus를 기초로 한 면역억제의 효과에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행중이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 1994-1996년 사이에 Tacrolimus 또는 CsA를 기초로 한 면역억제요법을 투여 받은 췌장이식환자 101명을 후향적으로 조사하여 Tacrolimus (n=54)와 CsA(n=57)의 급성 거부반응 예방 효과와 신부전 발생률을 비교하였다. 모든 환자는 항림프구 약물, Azathioprine, Prednisone을 이식 후 면역억제제로 투여 받았다 기준선으로부터 $20\%$ 이상의 혈청 creatinine의 상승이 있는 환자에서는 급성 신부전으로 정의하였고 신장생검법으로 거부반응을 진단하였다 Matched-pair analysis에 따르면 췌장이식환자의 6개월 생존율은 CsA군에서 $97\%$, Tacrolimus군에서 $96\%$로 별다른 차이가 없었으며 (p=0.57), 6개월간의 이식한 췌장의 보존율은 CsA군에서는 $88\%, Tacrolimus에서 $91\%$. 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=0.29). 췌장이식 후 6개월 동안 Tacrolimus의 사용은 생검으로 증명되는(biopsy-proven) 급성 거부반응의 발생빈도는 CsA보다 유의하게 낮았을 뿐만 아니라 (p<0.05) 거부반응 증상의 심각도 또한 감소시켰다 (p=0.03). 급성거부반응 발생빈도의 감소로 Tacrolimus군에서 antilymphocyte 치료가 유의하게 줄어들었다(p=0.01). CsA군에서 Tacrolimus보다 신부전의 발생률이 높았으나 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 췌장이식후의 최적의 면역억제요법의 결정하기 위해서는 향후 Tacrolimus와 CsA을 비교하는 전향적 무작위 연구가 필요하다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.16A no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2009

OSGi technology has applied to Home Network, but now it is loaded into even heterogeneous devices in various domains. Therefore, it is necessary to cooperate with each other framework for offering effective services in distributed OSGi frameworks. However until now, OSGi specification doesn't provide any methodthat can share the services registered on remote OSGi frameworks. In order to solve this problem, there have been several researches that used existing distributed middleware technologies such as JXTA and Web Services. However these technologies have some weakness, that is, they consume lots of computing resources and need additional process to transform the services. A middleware called R-OSGi uses only OSGi technology for sharing remote OSGi services, but R-OSGi may have a communication bottleneck and SPOF (Single Point of Failure) problem, because it has a central service registry. In this paper we present RSP (Remote Service Provider), which is a P2P-based effective service sharing scheme on distributed OSGi framework. RSP doesn't need to install additional software nor have the additional transformation process of the service representation, because it uses only OSGi technology. In addition it doesn't have any bottleneck problem and improves scalability by providing the service discovery mechanism using P2P. RSP can also access remote services transparently and it can guarantee reliability by sending an immediate notice about changes of the remote services.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.8
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• pp.571-578
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• 2013

The IHO S-100 is a standard on the universal hydorgraphic data model for supporting information services that integrate various data in maritime and provide proper information for safety of vessels. The S-100 is used to develop S-10x product specifications which are standards on guideline for creation and delivery of specific data set in maritime. The product specification for feature-based data such as ENC(Electronic Navigational Chart) data includes a feature catalogue that describes characteristics of features in that feature-based data. The feature catalogue is developed by domain experts with knowledge on data of the target domain. However, it is not feasible to develop a feature catalogue according to the XML schema by manual. In the IHO TSMAD committee meeting, needs of developing technology on building feature catalogue has been discussed. Therefore, we present a feature catalogue builder that is a GUI(Graphic User Interface) system supporting domain experts to build feature catalogues in XML. The feature catalogue builder is developed to connect with the FCD(Feature Concept Dictionary) register in the IHO(International Hydrographic Organization) GI(Geographic Information) registry. Also, it supports domain experts to select proper feature items based on the relationships between register items.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

Tugboat has carried out the important role and service in the maritime industry construction, such as port and sea bridge construction, fairway dredging and sea reclamation etc. Furthermore, tugboat takes the largest portion in number of vessel at the domestic registry and barges as big as the general merchant vessel, which are getting specialized and larger, are in operation. In spite of the increase of marine accident under this situation, there has been no proper measure for the safe navigation of tugboat in the aspect of a nation. This paper aims to propose the measure for the safe navigation of tugboat according to the frequent marine accident of tugboat with sea bridge. Therefore, we show a example of the sailing schedule and operation checklist based on the analysis of statistics and precedent of marine accident and the investigation of the actual operation state of tugboat in the aspect of a contract of carriage and a personnel setup, which should be checked by the operator of tugboat, pass through sea bridge safely and propose the safe traffic supporting system based on electronic chart system to improve the safe navigation of tugboat.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to investigate the resuscitation outcomes and the clinical characteristics of non-traumatic drug-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by analyzing data from a single institution's registry. Method: We conducted a retrospective study of 795 patients who came to the emergency department with non-traumatic drug-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the period $1991{\~}2004$. Only patients over 18 years of age were included. Clinical characteristics. variables associated with cardiac arrest, and data during resuscitation were obtained from our cardiac arrest database. Patients were divided into two groups: drug-induced cardiac arrest (drug group, n=33), and non drug-induced cardiac arrest (non-drug group, n=762). Results: Spontaneous circulation was restored in 23 ($72{\%}$) patients in the drug group and in 314 ($45{\%}$) patients in the non-drug group ($x^2=0.020$). The patients who discharged alive number were 46 ($6{\%}$) in the non-drug group and 0 ($0{\%}$) in the drug group ($x^2=0.005$). The witnessed arrest, the epinephrine doses, and total defibrillation energy were not different between two groups. Conclusion: The return of spontaneous circulation rate was higher in the drug group than the non-drug group. However the drug group was lower survival discharge rate than in the non-drug group.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to measure health related quality of life (HRQOL) of persons disabled by stroke dwelling in Gyeongju-si using EQ-5D and to estimate total QALYs loss of persons disabled by stroke in Korea. The eligible subjects were 982 persons with stroke aged 50 and over in Gyeongju-si disabled registry, as of March, 2008. Interviewers measured HRQOL of study subjects using EQ-5D. EQ-5D index, utility weight, was derived from the Korean valuation set. In order to compare the results of this study, we selected two comparison groups representing Korean healthy population and general population of Korean using the 4th Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey. Finally, after age and gender standardization, we estimated the total QALYs losses of persons disabled by stroke in Korea. Of 982 eligible subjects, 566 persons participated in the survey (response rate: 57.6%). In both of female and male, utility weights in the 70s or 80s were lower than those of the 50s or 60s. Utility weights differences among persons with disability, general population, and healthy population in male were larger than those differences in female. Total estimated QALY losses of persons disabled by stroke were 67,011.6 QALYs lower than healthy control group and 54,167.1 QALYs lower than general population, respectively.