• Title/Summary/Keyword: reconstituted

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Permeability and Consolidation Characteristics on Clayey Sand Soils (점토질 모래의 투수 및 압밀 특성 평가)

  • Kim, Kwang-Kyun;Park, Du-Hee;Chang, Jae-Hoon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2010.03a
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    • pp.971-980
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    • 2010
  • Evaluation of permeability and coefficient of consolidation of clayey sand is critical to analyze ground stability or environmental problems such as diffusion and dispersion in groundwater flow. Permeability tests using a flexible wall permeameter were performed to derive the coefficient of consolidation and permeability of reconstituted soil samples with various mixing ratios of kaolin clays and two different types of sands, Jumunjin sand and Ottawa sand. The test results indicated that coefficient of consolidation and permeability in log scale have linear relationships with clay contents in low clay mixing ratio. It is also recognized that coefficient of consolidation and permeability of sand and clay mixture are also dependent on the soil structure.

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A Review on the Change of Physicochemical Quality during Heating of Milk (열처리에 의한 우유의 이화학적 품질변화에 관한 고찰)

  • Jung, In-Gyeong;In, Yeong-Min
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2001
  • Milk can be regarded as a complete food, containing protein, fat, lactose, vitamins and minerals. Milk is heated for a variety of reasons. The main reasons are: to remove pathogenic organisms; to increase shelf-life. But, when milk is heated, many changes take place: denaturation of whey proteins and interaction with casein, Maillard browning, losses of vitamin and minerals. The addition of a additive and milk powder to flavor and taste may cause undesirable change of quality during heating milk. The reconstituted milk is the milk product resulting from the addition of water to the dried or condensed form in the amount necessary to re-establish the specified water solids ratio. Therefore, according to the increasement of consumption of processed milk, the necessity for study about the quality of processed milk mixed with reconstituted milk arose.

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The Mitochondrial Tricarboxylate Carrier of Silver Eel: Chemical Modification by Sulfhydryl Reagents

  • Capobianco, Loredana;Impagnatiello, Tecla;Ferramosca, Alessandra;Zara, Vincenzo
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.515-521
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    • 2004
  • The tricarboxylate (or citrate) carrier was purified from eel liver mitochondria and functionally reconstituted into liposomes. Incubation of the proteoliposomes with various sulfhydryl reagents led to inhibition of the reconstituted citrate transport activity. Preincubation of the proteoliposomes with reversible SH reagents, such as mercurials and methanethiosulfonates, protected the eel liver tricarboxylate carrier against inactivation by the irreversible reagent N-(1-pyrenyl)maleimide (PM). Citrate and L-malate, two substrates of the tricarboxylate carrier, protected the protein against inactivation by sulfhydryl reagents and decreased the fluorescent PM bound to the purified protein. These results suggest that the eel liver tricarboxylate carrier requires a single population of free cysteine(s) in order to manifest catalytic activity. The reactive cysteine(s) is most probably located at or near the substrate binding site of the carrier protein.

The Formation and Deliveries of CO in Reconstituted Tobacco Leaves by Decreasing of Combustion Temperature (제지식 판상엽으로 제조된 권련에서 연소점 온도 내림이 CO의 생성과 이행에 미치는 영향)

  • 김대종;송태원;이문수;제병권
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.64-69
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    • 1997
  • Deliveries of tar, nicotine, CO and $CO_2 in main stream smoke decreased as the potassium salt content of reconstituted tobacco leaves increased. The peak temperatures of the central region of a burning cone during a puff was in the range 940$^{\circ}C$∼430$^{\circ}C$ by IR thermal video system. The exogenous Potassium salt contents influenced the reduction of carbon-monoxide delivery through a decrease in the Peak temperature of the burning cone. Consequently, the amount of CO formed in the combustion Process was reduced by potassium salt. Moreover, the temperature of the burning cone was lowered, and the CO formed from carbonaceous reduction was decreased.

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Feeding Behaviour and Forage Nutrient Utilization by Goats on a Semi-Arid Reconstituted Silvipasture

  • Sharma, K.;Saini, A.L.;Singh, Nawab;Ogra, J.L.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.344-350
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    • 1998
  • Seasonal variations in the feeding behaviour of Jamunapari and Barbari goat breeds and their utilization of browse and grass nutrients was evaluated in a promising 3-tier (Leucaena leucocephala- Dichro-stachys nutan-Cenchrus ciliaris) reconstituted pasture during summer, rainy and winter season of the years 1987 and 1988. Distinct diurnal pattern of feeding was observed with both the breeds. Jamunapari goats spent significantly more time foraging during winter season (352.0 min) followed by summer (306.0 min) and least in rainy season (277.0 min). Though no significant difference was observed in the relative time spent by Barbari goats on grazing activities during summer and winter season, they spent significantly more (p < 0.05) time during rainy season as compared to other two seasons. The preference of grazing goats for certain plant species in relation to others was evident with distinct seasonal and breed variations. DM intake (g/kg $BW^{075}$) varied significantly (p < 0.05) from season to season. Among the browse. L. leucocephala was prefered over D. nutan irrespective of breed over the seasons. There was no breed difference in DM intake, or proximate composition and nutrient digestibility of ingested herbage. The available nutrient content of ingested forage was found sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of adult goats for maintenance (NRC, 1981). The reconstituted 3-tier pasture dominated by plant species like L. leucocephala and Cenchrus species appear to have great potential to sustain the nutrient requirement of goats without adverse seasonal fluctuations in pasture quality.

Effects of Reconstituted Tobacco Sheet contents and Ventilation on the Smoke delivery and the Burning Temperature (판상엽 배합비와 공기희석율이 제품담배 연기성분 및 연소온도 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Sung, Yong-Joo;Han, Young-Lim;Baek, Shin;Kim, Shi-Mong;Jeh, Byong-Kwon;Oh, In-Hyeog;Lee, Chang-Kook;Kim, Soo-Ho;Shin, Chang-Ho;Kim, Kun-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.103-108
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    • 2008
  • The application of RECON(Reconstituted tobacco sheet) and the ventilation technology has been considered as very useful methods for controlling the tar and nicotine deliveries in modern blended tobacco. In this study, the effects of RECON contents in simulated blends on the smoke delivery and burning temperature were evaluated in three different ventilation levels. The ventilation showed a great influence on the burning temperature and smoke deliveries. The nicotine, tar and CO deliveries was greatly reduced by the ventilation. The amount of RECON showed the minor impacts on the smoke delivery. In high ventilation level such as 85 % ventilation, there was no distinct change in smoke deliveries by the amount of RECON.