• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.148-175
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• 2003

As mentioned above, Korean restaurant's menu price is to be decided by combining various factors. Korean restaurant is demanded to decide menu price more carefully than other restaurants do, because the number of Korean restaurant is the largest in Korea and Korean food is the most popular among the Korean people. Korean restaurant cannot neglect price competitiveness and is often given complaints from its customers. Because of such management difficulties, the number of Korean restaurant has recently decreased at special class hotels as well as common hotels. Korean restaurant managers are demanded to make efforts to inherit Korean tradition and culture by keeping pride and responsibility. Until now, Korean restaurants are thought to decide the menu prices in short-sighted, non-scientific and haphazard way of thinking. Such price decision factors have established traditions and have been generally accepted to let Korean restaurant managers lose carefulness at the menu price decision. In advanced countries, however, they recognized the importance of the price decision since the 1960's or earlier to research the menu price systematically and scientifically. Before deciding the menu prices, Korean restaurant managers are demanded to investigate various kinds of factors carefully and spend a lot of time to calculate direct costs, that is, one of the most important factors of cost calculations. The managers are demanded to decide the menu prices in reasonable and future-oriented way by keeping not private thinking but correct information and judgment. The sale of each menu has difference, while the menu price increase has been evaluated to be successful from overall point of view. Despite of increased total sale, there was not much difference of net profit because of increased material costs. However, higher level of the customers produced comfortable and cozy atmosphere of the restaurant enough to satisfy customers, and improved service quality much more. Not only customer satisfaction but also improved service quality is thought to play an important role in invitation of future customers.

• Architectural research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2011

Profit-keeping behaviors naturally occur in the market to satisfy consumers, and the logic behind it lies in the economies of scale. On the flip side, some commodities transacted in the market are not available or can not be easily acquired unless the demand is high enough. Under this proposition, some consumers rise and find their own solution to meet the services at a reasonable cost or at an adequate level. The commonly adopted way is to establish a cooperative, and it stirs purchasing power by pooling resources and further bargains price and service quality. As a consumer cooperative, housing cooperatives notably found in rural towns enable the elderly to continue independent living. This study is to take a closer look at residential life of the rural elderly in housing cooperatives. Utilizing in-depth focus group interviews with 40 residents in four housing cooperatives, this qualitative research draws main factors affecting the decision to move in, residential assessment, and strengths and weakness of living in a housing cooperative. The primary factor influencing the moving decision is to continue to independent living in a familiar community, and the bottom line is planning ahead. Frailty and bereavement are found to be the leading occasions for them to move. The participants are satisfied with the independent living arrangement, and particularly, cited such features as safety and security, elderly-friendly design, common spaces, freedom, social activities and efficient living. Also, it is stated that some cooperative natures such as control over the property and giving a voice on management render positive impacts on the satisfaction with communal living. In spite of all the benefits and strengths, participants face with a public notion that an independent living arrangement like a housing cooperative has never done before in rural towns, so that most people recognize it as part of dependent living arrangements like nursing home.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.125-134
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• 2003

This paper is to measure the sensitivity of relations in communication network operation. In order to procure an important adequacy in the network operation and quality improvement, it is necessary to increase network operation efficiency and analyze the characteristic of network operation. Finally, we analyze costing appropriate operation, propose profit increase scheme and apply realistic business. First of all it's important to improve and estimate a proper operating cost thoroughly and comprehensively. Because the important issue of this process is quality process and this quality process occurs customers' satisfaction, therefore, to make a mutual relation in-between individual change of each element is to analyze a reasonable standard. So, for this reason we study on structuring nice models for network operation and estimating many scenarios for measuring efficiency. Especially those in economic and sensitivity based.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.193-213
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• 2002

The sales activity of most of small manufacturing companies is based on orders of buyers. The process of promotion, negotiation, receipt and selection of orders of the manufacturers is closely coupled with the load status of the production lines. The decision on whether to accept an order or not, or the selection of optimal order set among excessive orders is entirely dependent on the schedule of production lines. However, in the real world, since the production scheduling activity is mainly performed by human experts, most of small manufacturers are suffer from being unable to meet due dates, lack of rapid decision on the acceptance of new order. Recently, Internet based Electronic Commerce is recognized as one of the alternatives for strengthening sales power of small and medium companies. However, small and medium manufacturers can't adjust properly to the new environment because they are in short of money, personnel, and technology. To cope with this problem, this paper deals with development of part sales agent coupled with virtual manufacturing in Internet environment that consist of selection agent, advertisement agent, selection agent, negotiation agent, and virtual manufacturing system. This paper develops a time-bounded negotiation mechanism for small and medium manufacturers in agent-based automated negotiation between customers and negotiation agents. Furthermore, to select optimal order set maximized profit, we first formulate the order selection problem with mixed integer programming, but the computation time of IP is not acceptable for real world scale problem. To overcome this problem and dynamic nature of virtual manufacturing, we suggest a genetic algorithm approach, which shows a reasonable computation time for real world case and good incremental problem solving capability.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.132-142
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• 2015

A facility is built by participating of various parties who are connecting each other by network of contract. Domestic construction industry has been suffering with high cost and low efficiency due to lack of cooperative relationship among companies who participated in the project. The government has tried to resolve this problem by diverse policy support, but practical result has not been realized in the level of satisfaction. This paper defined construction business ecosystem in the aspect of business ecosystem as a network among construction companies based on diverse production system, and diagnosed cooperative business ecosystem in construction industry. For construction business ecosystem to be more cooperative business ecosystem, the result of diagnosis shows that the type of cooperation based capacity and value sharing should be developed and interdependence among companies and cooperative relationship should be durable and reasonable price for construction should be guaranteed for the participant to have a profit from the project.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.66
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• pp.95-118
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• 2015

This study examines the Buyer's Remedies in respect of Defects in Title under SGA. As SGA divides contractual terms into a condition and a warranty, its effects regarding a breach of a condition or a warranty are different. Where a stipulation in a contract of sale is a condition, its breach may give rise to a right to treat the contract as repudiated and to claim damages. Where there is a breach of a warranty in a contract of sale, the aggrieved party may have a right to claim damages. Regarding a breach of a condition under SGA s 12(1), although the buyer may have his right to terminate the contract, he may lose that right when he accept or is deemed to have accept the goods by intimating his acceptance to the seller, acting inconsistently with the ownership of the seller, or retaining the goods beyond a reasonable time without rejecting them. Furthermore, the buyer may claim the estimated loss directly and naturally resulting from seller's breach. SGA contains the principle of full compensation and so the suffered loss and the loss of profit are compensable. As to specific performance under SGA, the court has been empowered to make an order of specific performance to deliver the goods in conformity with the terms of the contract and so it is not a buyer's right. This order should be made only where the goods to be delivered are specific or ascertained goods and the court must think fit to grant the order. However, among these remedies, the buyer cannot have the right to terminate the contract where there is a breach of warranty by the seller under SGA s 12(2).

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.489-498
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• 2009

Underwriting is the first step for the administration of an insurance contract, which may result in stable profitability or unexpected loss for insurance company. Adequacy of underwriting criteria determines underwriting result. Generally, quantitative scoring system is used for underwriting. Method of evaluating risk for the scoring system is summing up scores for risk factors of a potential policyholder in consideration. Scores for each risk factor is predetermined. Current business environment for insurance companies makes underwriting profit more important, which means that insurance companies need more efficient underwriting method. This study suggests a reasonable approach to estimate risk relativities based on generalized linear model. Real data were used to quantify risk levels of groups of insureds for the design of underwriting model. Finally, effects in business volume and profitability of reflecting estimated underwriting scoring system are explained.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 1971

The purpose of this study is to find out the method of conditioned weight test by which the dealing weight of raw silk can be calculated from true fiber in order to do the fair trading. The results of this study were as follows. 1. It is more reasonable than the current test that conditioned weight as a dealing weigh can be calculated by boil-off and moisture regain which is a percentage of boil-on and moisture regain to net weight. Because the boil-off and moisture regain can show directly the amount of true fiber and reproductibility in raw silk. In this study the boil-off and moisture regain is to take dry weight after boiling-off from net weight. 2. To calculate the conditioned weight from boil-of and moisture regain it would be proper that the standard additional ratio is 44 per cent of dry weight after boiling-off. 3. Boil-of percent of the sizing sample skein used in the size test did not show a statistical significance comparing with the boil-off percent of sample skeins (24 skeins) which may represent that of a lot. To observe this result boil-off percent of the sizing sample skein may represent that of a lot. 4. In Korea if conditioned weight test substitute for test of boil-off and moisture regain, we make a profit of two billion won in a year at the current market-price.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.63-68
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• 2003

This paper is to measure the sensitivity of relations in communication network operation. In order to procure an important adequacy in the network operation and quality improvement, it is necessary to increase network operation efficiency and analyze the characteristic of network operation. Finally, we analyze costing appropriate operation, propose profit increase scheme and apply realistic business. First of all it's important to improve and estimate a proper operating cost thoroughly and comprehensively. Because the important issue of this process is quality process and this quality process occurs customers' satisfaction, therefore, to make a mutual relation in-between individual change of each element is to analyze a reasonable standard. So, for this reason we study on structuring nice moods for network operation and estimating many scenarios for measuring efficiency. Especially those in economic and sensitivity based. It will be the development of analyzing methods which suites the service and communication system. The result of this study gives a basis for making a flexible and highly predictable system by pre configured sensitivity analysis of each scenarios.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.161-175
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of perceived sustainability management fit of SPA brands on consumer purchase intention. A survey was conducted targeting women in their 20s and 30s from April 27th to May 6th 2013, and a total of 350 questionnaires were used in the final analysis. Frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, ANOVA, simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out using SPSS ver 21.0. The results of this study are as follows. First, fit of all three areas- economic, ecological and social-of sustainability management activities have a significant impact on consumer perception on sustainability activities. Second, perceived sustainability activities by SPA brands are found to have a positive effect on brand attitude, brand trust and consumer satisfaction. Third, brand attitude and consumer satisfaction forged by perceived sustainability activities by SPA brands have a positive impact on consumers' purchase intention. Based on the result of this study, the following marketing implications can be suggested. First, SPA brands need to be more active in all three area of sustainability activities while coming up with measures for differentiated social sustainability activities. Second, SPA brands need to meet their primary obligation by providing consumers with quality products at a reasonable price. Third, SPA brands need to recognize the potential value of sustainability activities as a driver of a longstanding relationship with consumers as well as long-term profit and value creation, leading to a great financial performance.