• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제13C권5호
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• pp.595-600
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• 2006

오늘날 저가의 RFID 기술은 리더와 태그사이에 물리적인 접촉 없이 인식 가능한 기술로서 기업과 학술적 분야에서 많은 각광을 받고 있다. 그러나 태그의 정보가 전송과정에 무선특성에 따른 과도한 정보 노출과 사용자의 위치정보 추적과 같은 심각한 프라이버시 침해를 유발시킨다. 특히 읽기전용 태그에서의 보안문제는 단지 물리적 방법으로만 해결하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 간단한 XOR연산과 부분 ID를 이용하여 다양한 공격에 안전하며 읽기전용 태그에 적합한 저비용 인증 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안 프로토콜은 재전송, 도청, 위장 공격에 안전하며 또한 위치 프라이버시가 보장된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2697-2701
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• 2012

안티퓨즈 MOS 커패시터를 기반으로 제작된 OTP 소자의 수율은 프로그램 과정에서 입력 저항(Rin)값과 통과 트랜지스터(Pass Tr)의 크기, 데이터 읽기 과정에서 읽기 트랜지스터(Read Tr)와 읽기 전압에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 수율에 영향을 주는 요소를 분석하기 위해 여러 가지 실험 조건을 달리하여 각각의 조건에 대해 블로잉 후 실효소자의 저항 특성에 대한 풀 맵(full map) 데이터를 얻어 OTP 소자가 어떻게 동작하는지를 분석하여 수율 개선에 필요한 최적 조건을 연구하였다. 최적 조건은 입력저항이 $50{\Omega}$, 통과 트랜지스터의 W값이 $10{\mu}m$, 읽기 전압이 2.8 V 일 때이다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

본 논문은 NAND Flash Memory 수명을 향상시키기 위한 동작 algorithm 개선을 제안한다. Flash memory에 대한 read/write/erase 과정에서, 해당 cell의 Vth가 원하는 level대로 위치를 한다면 문제가 없으나, 원하는 위치대비 변동이 되어 있다면 잘못된 data를 읽어내게 된다. 이러한 cell간 interference나 disturbance 현상들은 program이나 erase 동작이 반복(EW cycle)될수록 더 심해지는 특징이 있다. 이는 반복되는 high bias 인가상태에서 벌어지는 FN tunneling 현상으로 인한 tunnel oxide 막질손상(trap site 증가)에 기인한다고 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 erase cell 관점에서 stress양 자체를 감소시킴으로써 cell 열화 속도를 느리게 하여, 궁극적으로 발생하는 Vth 변동사항인 disturbance를 줄일 수 있는 erase 동작방법에 대해 논한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.151-168
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship of kindergarteners' alphabet knowledge to their ability to read words, in connection with the features of the Korean alphabet 'Hangul'. A total of 289 children aged four to six from three kindergartens in Busan participated in the study. The main results are as follows. To begin with, the participants showed continuous development in the knowledge of consonant names, vowel sounds, the vowel stroke-adding principle, and the alphabet composition principle. Meanwhile, discontinuous development was found in the knowledge of consonant sounds and the consonant stroke-adding principle, which indicated that kindergartners could show differential speed in various sub-skills of literacy development. The kindergartners' naming of consonants developed before their recall of consonant sounds, and the knowledge of consonant sounds had an effect on the knowledge of vowel sounds. Children had difficulty in treating more complicated letters of the alphabet stroke-adding principle test, and eve syllables of the alphabet composition principle test. Most importantly, the children's alphabet knowledge was strongly related to their ability to read words written in Hangul, as kindergarteners with a greater knowledge of alphabet names, sounds, and principles were shown to read words better.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.518-528
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• 2016

The searching of an extensive document database for documents that are locally similar to a given query document, and the subsequent detection of similar regions between such documents, is considered as an essential task in the fields of information retrieval and data management. In this paper, we present a framework for such a task. The proposed framework employs the method of short-read mapping, which is used in bioinformatics to reveal similarities between genomic sequences. In this paper, documents are considered biological objects; consequently, edit operations between locally similar documents are viewed as an evolutionary process. Accordingly, we are able to apply the method of evolution tracing in the detection of similar regions between documents. In addition, we propose heuristic methods to address issues associated with the different stages of the proposed framework, for example, a frequency-based fragment ordering method and a locality-aware interval aggregation method. Extensive experiments covering various scenarios related to the search of an extensive document database for documents that are locally similar to a given query document are considered, and the results indicate that the proposed framework outperforms existing methods.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2019

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the realization of speech rhythm in English as spoken by Korean learners of English. The study particularly aims to examine the rhythm metrics of English read speech by learners who speak Busan or the South Kyungsang dialect of Korean. Twenty-four learners whose L1 is Busan Korean and eight native speakers of English read a passage wherein five sentences were segmented and labeled as vocalic and intervocalic intervals. Various rhythm metrics such as %V, Varcos, and Pairwise Variability Indexes (PVIs) were calculated. The results show that Korean learners read English sentences with significantly more vocalic and consonantal intervals at a slower speech rate than native English speakers. The analyses of rhythm metrics revealed that when the speech rate was not normalized, Korean learners' English showed more variability in the length of consonantal and vocalic intervals. However, speech-rate-normalized rhythm metrics for vocalic intervals indicated that Korean learners transferred their L1 rhythmic structures (a syllable-timed language) into their L2 speech (a stress-timed language). Overall, the results suggest that Korean learners' English reflects the rhythmic characteristics of their L1. The effect of the learners' L1 dialect on the realization of L2 speech rhythm is also speculated.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권12호
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• pp.108-114
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• 1995

Recently, along wtih the advance of high-performance system, synchronous DRAM's (SDRAM's) which provide consecutive data output synchronized with an external clock signal, have been reported. However, in the conventional SDRAM's which utilize a multi-stage serial pipelined scheme, the column path is divided into multi-stages depending on CAS latency N. Thus, as the operating speed and CAS latency increase, new stages must be added, thereby causing a large area penalty due to additinal latches and I/O lines. In the proposed register-based parallel pipelined scheme, (N-1) registers are located between the read data bus line pair and the data output buffer and the coming data are sequentially stored. Since the column data path is not divided and the read data is directly transmitted to the registers, the busrt read operation can easily be achieved at higher frequencies without a large area penalty and degradation of internal timing margin. Simulation results for 0.32um-Tech. 4-Bank 64M SDRAM show good operation at 200MHz and an area increment is less than 0.1% when CAS latency N is increased from 3 to 4.. This pipelined scheme is more advantageous as the operating frequency increases.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2012

Objectives: Developing efficient health messages is important for improving health behaviors at a societal level. This study attempts to test a few variables that could constitute the elements for measuring readability of health message. The number of subject-verb relationships in a sentence, placement of jargon, i.e., explication before or after each jargon, and the number of less familiar Chinese characters were manipulated to hypothetically differentiate readability. Methods: In a $2{\times}2$ mixed factorial experiment, 152 college students read two health messages regarding side effect of health functional food and energy drink. The participants' perceived readability was asked, and eight questions were developed to measure the participants' recognition of the health information. Results: Those who read messages manipulated to have high readability rated the message significantly higher than those who read messages with low readability. Also, the former answered the questions more correctly than the latter, implying the association between readability and knowledge acquisition regarding health. Conclusions: Readability is suggested as a factor determining the effect of health messages in affecting the public's health risk perception and relevant behaviors. Further studies to sophisticate the measurement itself and to examine the effect of actual public messages with different readabilities are suggested.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

Objectives: Dietary modifications are common treatment strategies for adults with metabolic syndrome, but it is unclear how often these individuals read food labels. The objective of this study was to examine if adults with metabolic syndrome read food labels when buying packaged foods and to determine factors related to label use. Methods: From the database of the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES-V), 1,335 adults with metabolic syndrome and 3,696 those without were selected. Data were analyzed using frequency distributions, $X^2$ test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS win 18.0 program. Results: Adults with metabolic syndrome read food labels less than individuals without it when they purchase packaged foods(12.5% vs 29.0%). Among those without metabolic syndrome, food label use was significantly higher among participants who were women, younger, educated, and trying to control weight. Conclusions: Strategies to use food label as a diet management tool for metabolic syndrome are needed.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.394-411
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• 2008

The data in automation and control systems can be achieved not only from different field devices but also from different OPC (OLE for Process Control) servers. However, current OPC clients can only read and decode the simple data from OPC servers. They will have some problems to acquire structured data and exchange the structured data. In addition to the large network control systems, the OPC clients can read, write, and subscribe to thousands of data points from/to OPC servers. Due to that, the most important factor for building a high performance and scalable industrial control system is the ability to transfer the process data between server and client in the most efficient and fastest way. In order to solve these problems, we propose a means to implement the OPC DA (Data Access) server supporting the OPC complex data, so that the OPC DA clients are able to read and decode any type of data from OPC servers. We also propose a method for caching the process data in large industrial control systems to overcome the limitation of performance of the pure OPC DA system. The performance analysis and discussion indicate that the proposed system has an acceptable performance and is feasible in order for applying to real-time industrial systems today.