• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 1995

In resist-discharge printing of cotton fabrics with reactive/reactive dyes the effects of intermediate drying on the white and the colored resist-dischargeabilities were studied. From the results of resist-discharge printing in case of 75% pick up, it was found that the most effective condition of intermediate drying which could at once prevent bleeding and improve the resist-dischargeability was 11$0^{\circ}C$ x 1min. The drying condition of 10$0^{\circ}C$ x 2min or 12$0^{\circ}C$ x 1min can be also recommended. It is important to pay close attention to the intermediate drying temperature and time. Because in case of 75% pick up when drying was carried on at 11$0^{\circ}C$ or 12$0^{\circ}C$ for more than 1 minute the resist-dischargeability was greatly lowerd by the fast fixation of ground color caused by high temperature, and in case of 100 % pick up the insufficient drying of ground color caused the resist-dischargeability to lower with giving rise to various troubles such as bleeding and smearing.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
• /
• pp.66-66
• /
• 2003

Flavonoids are phenolic compounds widely distributed in wide variety of edible plants including leafy vegetables, fruits, beverages. Quercetin is one of bioflavonoid compounds and has anti-tumor effect by suppressing tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, including multiple biological effects by antioxidant and effective anti-inflammatory agent. The present study investigated whether quercetin can enhance antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase: GPX, superoxide dismutase : SOD, catalase: CAT) and intracellular reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) levels in the presence of taurine on B16F10 murine melanoma cells. From this result, the antioxidant enzyme activities of quercetin in the presence of taurine was enhanced. In addition, the same treatments decreased intracellular reactive oxygen intermediate levels on B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the antioxidant effect of quercetin can enhance in the presence of taurine and it might play an important role in anti-tumor effect.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.227-234
• /
• 1996

4-Methyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phospbicycle[2,2,2]octane 1-sulfide (BPS)와 4-Methyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[2,2,2]octance 1-oxide (BPO) 및 관련 단고리화합물을 합성하였고 반응성 중간체와 반응기작을 알아보기 위하여 BPS를 chloroform 및 methanol중에서 MCPBA로 산화시켰다. Chloroform에서는 BPO만이 생성되었고 methanol중에서는 두고리 구조가 열려서 만들어진 반응성 중간체가 methanol을 인산화하여 생성된 이성질체의 단고리화합물이 관찰 되었으며 또한 소량의 BPO도 생성되었다. 인산화 능력을 소유한 반응성 중간체를 여러 가지 기기분석을 동원하여 연구한 결과 그 구조는 단고리 methyl sulfenyl ester로 제안하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.420-438
• /
• 1998

Herba Xanthii(HX), Radix Xantluii(RX) and Fructus Xanthii(FX) is one of the oriental medicine that has been used for the treatment of such infectious diseases and tumors. However, the mechanism of the drug is not investigated much. This study was done to know the effects of HX, RX and FX extract on the such innate immunities as phagocytic function and reactive radical formtions from phagocytes and the such acquired immunities as humoral and cell-mediated immunities. The followings are the results obtained from this study: 1. HX2 and FX1 groups increases the in vivo phagocytic activity of mononuclear phagocytes. 2. HXB, RXB, RXC, FXB and FXC groups increase the in vitro phagocytic activities. 3. RXB group stimulated the macrophages to produce nitric oxide in the presence of $interferon-{\gamma}$ $(IFN-{\gamma})$. 4. HX and RX whole groups increased the luminol-amplified reactive oxygen intermediate production in vivo. 5. HX whole and RX1, FX2 groups increased the lucigenin-amplified reactive oxygen intennediate production in vivo. 6. HXC group only increased the luminol-amplified reactive oxygen intermediate production in vitro. 7. HXB, FXB and FXC groups increased the lucigenin-amplified reactive oxygen intermediate production in vitro. 8. HX2, RX1 and FX whole groups increased the hemolysin formations from B cells. 9. HX, RX and FX whole groups significantly increased the rosette forming cells from the spleen. 10. HX, RX and FX whole groups significantly decreased the delayed-type hypersensitivity measured by footpad swelling. The above results demonstrate that HX, RX and FX has enhancing effects on innate immunity selectively and decreasing effects on delayed-type hypersensitivity of cell-mediated immunity according to medicinal part and diluted condition. This immunomodulating effects of HX, RX and FX might be responsible for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.97-100
• /
• 2018

$NF_3$ Plasma etching of silicon was conducted by injecting only $NF_3$ gas into reactive ion etching. $NF_3$ Plasma etching was done in intermediate pressure. Silicon etching by $NF_3$ plasma in reactive ion etching was diagnosed through residual gas analyzer and optical emission spectroscopy. In plasma etching, optical emission spectroscopy is generally used to know what kinds of species in plasma. Also, residual gas analyzer is mainly to know the byproducts of etching process. Through experiments, the results of optical emission spectroscopy during silicon etching by $NF_3$ plasma was analyzed with connecting the results of etch rate of silicon and residual gas analyzer. It was confirmed that $NF_3$ plasma etching of silicon in reactive ion etching accords with the characteristic of reactive ion etching.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권8호
• /
• pp.2410-2414
• /
• 2014

A kinetic study is reported on nucleophilic substitution reactions of Y-substituted-phenyl picolinates (7a-7h) with a series of cyclic secondary amines in 80 mol % $H_2O$/20 mol % DMSO at $25.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$. Comparison of the kinetic results with those reported previously for the corresponding reactions of Y-substituted-phenyl benzoates (1a-1f) reveals that 7a-7h are significantly more reactive than 1a-1f. The Br${\o}$nsted-type plot for the aminolysis of 4-nitrophenyl picolinate (7a) is linear with ${\beta}_{nuc}=0.78$, which is typical for reactions proceeding through a stepwise mechanism with expulsion of the leaving group being the rate-determining step. The Br${\o}$nsted-type plots for the piperidinolysis of 7a-7h and 1a-1f are also linear with ${\beta}_{lg}=-1.04$ and -1.39, respectively, indicating that the more reactive 7a-7h are less selective than the less reactive 1a-1f to the leaving-group basicity. One might suggest that the enhanced reactivity of 7a-7h is due to the inductive effect exerted by the electronegative N atom in the picolinyl moiety, while the decreased selectivity of the more reactive substrates is in accord with the reactivity-selectivity principle. However, the nature of intermediate (e.g., a stabilized cyclic intermediate through the intramolecular H-bonding interaction for the reactions of 7a-7h, which is structurally not possible for the reactions of 1a-1f) is also responsible for the enhanced reactivity with a decreased selectivity.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 1994

Chlorodeoxycellulose derivatives have recently assumed importance since the halogen atoms can be changed with other functional groups to afford new derivatives of cellulose. Also, chlorinated cellulose has been employed as an intermediate in the preparation of various functional cellulose derivatives. In this study chlorodeoxycellulose was prepared by reaction of methylcellulose with mathanesulfonylchloride in N,N-dimethylformamide. Subsequently, conversion of the above chlorinated cellulose to unsaturated celluloseen was carried out by potassium tertiary butoxide in dimethyl sulfoxide. An anhydrocellulose as an intermediate for the reactive functional derivatives was made by simple alkali treatment. Preparation condition of allylated methylcellulose by using allylchloride and its thermal behavior were also described.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.43-47
• /
• 1981

In an attempt to obtain a saponin antigen, ginsenoside Rg$_{1}$ of Korean ginseng was condensed with bovine serum albumin through a series of modification in the side chain structure of ginsenoside Rg$_{1}$ to prepare a reactive intermediate $Rg_{1}$ azide. The modification of ginsenoside $Rg_{1}$[1] yielded $Rg_{1}$ decacetate [II], mp 252, $Rg_{1}$ acetate-glycol [III], mp 263, $Rg_{1}$ acetate-trisnoraldehyde [IV], mp 231, $Rg_{1}$ acetate-carboxylic acid [V], mp 282, $Rg_{1}$ acetate-methyl ester [VI], mp 271, $Rg_{1}$ hydrazide [VII], mp 220, and finally a reactive intermediate $Rg_{1}$ azide [VIII].

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.335-340
• /
• 1993

• 대한세포병리학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.106-115
• /
• 1995

Reactive humsn mesothelial cells were examined by immunocytochemical stain with intermediate filaments (cytokeratin [CK1, CK7, CK8, CK18, CD19), vimentin, desmin, actin), epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MHC class II antigen (HLA-DR), LeuM-1 (CD15), $\alpha1-antitrypsin$(ACT), $\alpha1-antichymotrypsin$ (ACHT), CD68(KP-1) and FcyRIII(CD16). The mesothelial cells were isolated from patients with liver cirrhosis and pleural effusion, and short-term cultured in RPMI 1640 media containing 10% heat inactivated fetal calf serum and 1% identical supernatant fluid of the patients' transudates. The results obtained are as follows 1. The cultured-reactive mesothelial cells were positive for the protein of cytoskeleton such as cytokeratin and vimentin, but negative for desmin and actin. The resting mesothelial cells showed positive reactions for cylokeratin, but negative for vimentin, desmin and actin. 2. The primary antibodies to the cytokeratin were strongly reactive for CK1, CK8 and CK18 but negative for CK7 and CK19 in both reactive and resting mesothelial cells. 3. Resting mesothelial cells showed negative reactions for CEA, but strong positive reactions in cultured-reactive mesothelial cells. 4. The markers for the monocytes/histiocytes(CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD68, Iysozyme and $\alpha1-antitrypsin$ and $\alpha1-antichymotrypsin$) were nonreactive in resting mesothelial cells, but lysozyme and $\alpha1-antitrypsin$ were weakly reactive in reactive and proliferative mesothelial cells. 5. MHC Class II molecule(HLA-DR antigen) was negative in both resting and reactive mesothelial cells. These results suggest that the short-term cultured, reactive mesothelial cells show a newly aberrant expression of the vimentin and calcine-embryonic antigen. The reason of the aberrant expression of the intermediate filament and oncofetal antigen in reactive and proliferative mesothelial cells should be further evaluated.