• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1981

인삼 조사포닌과 인삼즙액이 인삼 근부패를 일으키는 병원균 Fusarium solani와 Erwinia carotovora의 생장과 증식 및 포자발아에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 인삼 조 Saponin의 농도가 증가됨에 따라 F. solani의 대형분생포자의 발아율은 억제 되었으며 500 ppm 이상 첨가시 현저하게 억제 되었다. 2. 토양 추출액은 초기에 F. solani의 포자 발아를 억제하는 효과가 있었으나 24시간후에는 무효화되었다. 3. 인삼 조 Saponin의 첨가 농도가 증가됨에 따라 F. solani의 포자형성량이 감소되었으며 고체배지에서 이러한 현상은 더욱 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 4. 인삼 Saponin을 첨가 했을시 균사생장량은 약간 감소되었으나 농도에 따른 감소율은 인정되지 않았다. 5. 인삼 조 사포닌은 농도가 증가 될 수록 F. solani의 Colony 형성을 억제하였으나 인삼즙액은 농도가 증가될수록 현저하게 F. solani의 Colony수를 증가시켰다. 6. 인삼 조 Saponin과 인삼즙액 모두 E. carotovora의 생장을 촉진시켰다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.78-83
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the intracellular hydrogen peroxide productions of mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 are modulated by Red Ginseng-Ejung-tang water extract (ER) and White Ginseng-Ejung-tang water extract (EG). Red Ginseng-Ejung-tang were composed of Red Ginseng, Atractylodes rhizome white, Zingiberis Rhizoma Siccus, and Glycyrrhizae Radix. White Ginseng-Ejung-tang were composed of White Ginseng, Atractylodes rhizome white, Zingiberis Rhizoma Siccus, and Glycyrrhizae Radix. The intracellular hydrogen peroxide productions were measured by dihydrorhodamine 123 assay with spectrofluorometer (excitation 485 nm; emission 535 nm). For 4, 20, 24, 44, 48, 68, and 72 h incubation, ER significantly increased hydrogen peroxide productions of RAW 264.7 at the concentration of 25, 50, 100, and $200{\mu}g/mL$ (P <0.05). EG for 4, 20, 24, 44, and 48 h incubation significantly increased hydrogen peroxide productions of RAW 264.7 at the concentration of 25, 50, 100, and $200{\mu}g/mL$ (P <0.05). For 68 and 72 h incubation, EG at the concentration of 50, 100, and $200{\mu}g/mL$ significantly increased hydrogen peroxide productions in RAW 264.7 (P <0.05). These results suggest that ER and EG have the immune-enhancing properties related with their increasing effects on the intracellular hydrogen peroxide production of macrophage.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.418-424
• /
• 2009

인삼사포닌인 진세노사이드의 분석조건을 고성능액체크로마토그래피(HPLC)를 이용하여 최적화하였다. Gradient 조건을 변경하여 최적 분석조건을 확립하였고, 같은 조건하에서 인삼원재료와 홍삼 제품 중의 진세노사이드를 분석하였다. 원재료 중에서는 홍삼이 Rg1, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rd를 각각 0.29%, 0.82%, 0.33%, 0.32%, 0.11%를 함유하여 가장 높은 진세노사이드 함량을 보였으며, 여러 가지 홍삼제품 중에서는 홍삼엑기스가 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 인삼 원료와 제품의 종류마다 진세노사이드 함량에 차이를 보였지만 대부분의 원료와 제품에서 Re, Rb1이 그 중 에서도 가장 높은 함량을 보였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.449-456
• /
• 2014

Anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts of ginseng berry (GBE) was investigated through the evaluation of its inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory meditator, nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrocis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. GBE was fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, buthanol and $H_2O$, sequentially. RAW264.7 cells were induced $100ng/m{\ell}$ of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with 0, 1.6, 8, 40 and $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of GBE fractions. LPS-induced NO production on all of GBE fractions was inhibited with increasing added concentration of GBE fractions. Chloroform fraction of GBE was the most effective in inhibiting LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ production. Hexane, chloroform and $H_2O$ fractions of GBE exhibit strong inhibition LPS-induced IL-6 production. Especially, $H_2O$ fractions of GBE was the most effective in inhibiting LPD-induced IL-6 production without significant cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells, and reduced the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and IkB phosphorylation. These results indicate that $H_2O$ fractions of GBE exhibits strong anti-inflammatory effects by inhibition of NF-kB by inhibition of p-38 on MAPK and IkB phosphorylation.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.134-141
• /
• 2010

It is well known that the numbers and functions of immune-associated cells are increased by saponins and polysaccharides in ginseng. In this study, the mixture of polysaccharide and saponin (MPS) from Panax ginseng is applied to LPS- activated RAW 264.7 cells. The production of NO and the gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ are decreased in LPSactivated RAW 264.7 cells and the expression of arginase II and PD-1L genes is decreased in LPS-untreated macrophages. Therefore, the mixture of saponin and polysaccharide from Panax ginseng could be used in order to regulate immune responses.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.498-503
• /
• 2007

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 are important inflammatory mediators that have been implicated in pathogenesis of inflammation and certain types of human cancers. The present study was designed in order to determine whether Wild ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mayer) could modulate $I{\kappa}B$-kinase (IKK), iNOS and COX-2 gene expression and its immune responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 ${\mu}/m{\ell}$). Wild ginseng extract dose-dependantly (*0.5 - 2 ${\mu}/m{\ell}$) decreased the LPS-induced IKK, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression and its immune responses. Moreover, it inhibited unclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ immune response by LPS. These data be likely to indicate that Wild ginseng may acts as inflammatory regulator and may be possible to develope a useful agent for inflammatory diseases.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.21-36
• /
• 2015

This study aims to analyze the differences of ginseng product consumers and segment Korean fresh ginseng and red ginseng root markets based on attributes for the purchase. As a result of analyzing survey data, the red ginseng root consumers had different aspects from fresh ginseng consumers. According to the result of cluster analysis, the fresh ginseng consumers were subdivided into three segments (safety-oriented consumption cluster, label centered consumption cluster, and high involvement consumption cluster), while the red ginseng root consumers were subdivided into four segments (convenience-oriented consumption cluster, high involvement consumption cluster, raw material's safety-oriented cluster, and raw material's information importance cluster). ANOVA and Crosstab were conducted to investigate characteristics of each cluster.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.1434-1442
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 홍삼추출물의 화장품소재로서의 항염증 효과의 가능성을 확인하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에서는 홍삼 추출물을 사용하여 항염증에 대한 생물학적 활성평가를 수행하였다. 대식세포인 RAW 264.7 세포에서 시료의 항염증 효과를 평가하기 위해 MTT assay를 이용한 홍삼 추출물의 독성평가와 nitric oxide 생성 저해 활성 및 염증관련 단백질 및 유전자의 발현량을 확인하였다. LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포 내에서 시료의 nitric oxide 저해활성은 25 ㎍/ml에서 71.2 %의 우수한 효능을 나타내었으며, western blot 시험결과 iNOS, COX-2 단백질의 발현은 농도 의존적으로 감소하는 것으로 확인하였다. 이러한 실험 결과를 바탕으로 홍삼추출물이 항염 효과를 가진 화장품 소재로서의 가치를 제안할 수 있다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.352-356
• /
• 2009

In this study, raw ginseng water extract solutions were analyzed to set up the functional saponin content and quality optimization condition. The highest saponin content among the total raw ginseng water extracts was $74.6\;mg/100\;m{\ell}$ which was extracted at $75^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. In addition, the saponin content decreased according to the increased extraction temperature and time. The highest total content of $Rb_2$ and Re was $19.9\;mg/100\;m{\ell}$ at $75^{\circ}C$ for 12 hours which decreased according to the increased extracted temperature and time. The highest prosapogenin ($Rg_2\;+\;Rg_3\;+\;Rh_1$) content among the total raw ginseng water extracts was $28.6\;mg/100\;m{\ell}$ which was extracted at $85^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours. The reducing sugar content, sweetness and turbidity were increased according to the increased extraction temperature and time. But pH were decreased according to the increased extracted time.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.827-832
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 고온고압 처리를 통한 홍삼 추출물의 항산화 활성과 페놀산 성분의 변화를 측정하였다. 고온고압 처리 홍삼의 총 페놀 함량은 14.76 mg/g으로 기존의 수삼 3.59 mg/g과 홍삼 3.93 mg/g에 비해 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 항산화 활성은 농도 $1{\sim}100mg/m{\ell}$ 농도에서 고온고압 처리 홍삼 4.8~78.4%, 수삼 1.0~47.4%, 홍삼 1.8~56.5%의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 보였으며, ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 고온고압 처리 홍삼 8.9~99.8%, 수삼 3.4~96%, 홍삼 1.2~96.5%를 보였다. 신규 홍삼에서는 maltol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid 등의 페놀산 성분이 크게 증가한 것을 확인하였으며, 페놀산의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과, $10mg/m{\ell}$의 농도에서 고온고압 처리 홍삼 81.5%로 수삼 16.6%와 홍삼 32.9% 보다 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다.