• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.475-482
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• 2013

The main active components of Panax ginseng are ginsenosides. Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 are accepted as marker substances for quality control worldwide. The analytical methods currently used to detect these two compounds unfairly penalize steamed and dried (red) P. ginseng preparations, because it has a lower content of those ginsenosides than white ginseng. To manufacture red ginseng products from fresh ginseng, the ginseng roots are exposed to high temperatures for many hours. This heating process converts the naturally occurring ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 into artifact ginsenosides such as ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5, Rh1, and Rh2, among others. This study highlights the absurdity of the current analytical practice by investigating the time-dependent changes in the crude saponin and the major natural and artifact ginsenosides contents during simmering. The results lead us to recommend (20S)- and (20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 as new reference materials to complement the current P. ginseng preparation reference materials ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1. An attempt has also been made to establish validated qualitative and quantitative analytical procedures for these four compounds that meet International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for specificity, linearity, range, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitation limit, robustness and system suitability. Based on these results, we suggest a validated analytical procedure which conforms to ICH guidelines and equally values the contents of ginsenosides in white and red ginseng preparations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.3114-3114
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• 2001

During the last years phytochemistry and phytopharmaceutical applications have developed rapidly and so there exists a high demand for faster and more efficient analysis techniques. Therefore we have established a near infrared transflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) method that allows a qualitative and quantitative determination of new polyphenolic pharmacological active leading compounds within a few seconds. As the NIR spectrometer has to be calibrated the compound of interest has at first to be characterized by using one or other a combination of chromatographic or electrophoretic separation techniques such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), gas chromatography (GC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC). Both structural elucidation and quantitative analysis of the phenolic compound is possible by direct coupling of the mentioned separation methods with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, CE-MS, CEC-MS) and a NMR spectrometer (LC-NMR). Furthermore the compound has to be isolated (NPLC, MPLC, prep. TLC, prep. HPLC) and its structure elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, HR-MS, NMR) and chemical synthesis. After that HPLC can be used to provide the reference data for the calibration step of the near infrared spectrometer. The NIRS calibration step is time consuming, which is compensated by short analysis times. After validation of the established NIRS method it is possible to determine the polyphenolic compound within seconds which allows to raise the efficiency in quality control and to reduce costs especially in the phytopharmaceutical industry.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 1995

Piperine, component of pure ground black pepper, has strong stimulative and hot. Analytical method for piperine was developed by high performance liquid chromatography. Analytical conditions are as follows, mobile phase is 70% methanol, detector UV 343 nm (0.05 AuFs), column is Novapak 5 C18 (15 cm $\times$ 4.6mm), flow rate is 1.0ml/min, chart speed is 0.25 cm/min and injection volume is 20 ul. Analytical results are as follows that relative standard deviation is 1.15%, calibration curve is y=170473.1x-7848.5 (R2=0.999) that shows good linearity. Standard solution of piperine is stable up to 10 hr and content of piperine in pureground black pepper is 4.97$\pm$0.86% Retention time of piperine in HPLC method is about 7 min. Therefore, the developed HPLC method including simple pretreatment of sample will be contribute to quality mangement.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2011

Purpose that studies the war history is to prevent the war in the advance through instruction that is gotten by understanding the past war and in case of emergency, it is to win victory in the war from the enemy by doing not commit a same mistake like the past war. For these reasons, many studies about the war history have proceeded continuously in domestic and outside the country, and those are being carried out in present. However, most of studies of the war history have been analyzed only on qualitative analysis. In this study, we want to suggest quantitative analysis method using simulation with qualitative analysis. As an example of study, we quantitatively analyzed the importance of logistics support on the Moscow expedition of Napoleon. Also, on the basis of this, we found failure factor of logistics support of Napoleon force and through this, deduced instruction. There is meaning that this paper suggested quantitative analytical method in terms of study of the war history with qualitative analytical method.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 2024

We aimed to develop a suitable quantification method for detecting asparagine deamidation and aspartic acid isomerization in peptide mapping using LC-MS. Our assessment of its validity and suitability involved comparing its quantitative findings with those obtained from cation-exchange chromatography and capillary electrophoresis methods. By subjecting trastuzumab to rigorous conditions to induce these modifications, we validated the efficacy of this new analytical method in peptide mapping via LC-MS, evaluating both qualitative and quantitative aspects of asparagine deamidation and aspartic acid isomerization. Our investigation underscored the significance of enzyme selection and the presence of miss-cleaved or non-specific peptides in achieving accurate quantitative results. The experimental results demonstrated a strong correlation with results from cation-exchange chromatography and capillary electrophoresis analyses, confirming the reliability of the LC-MS based peptide mapping approach.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1075-1081
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• 2001

Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis as a representative method of nuclear analytical technique, has advantages of non-destructive, simultaneous multi-element analysis with the characteristics of absolute measurement method. Up to date, $k_0$-quantitative method which is accurate, convenient and user-friendly, has been generalized world-widely. In this study, it is intented to introduce the general concept of $k_0$-method and to measure $k_0$-parameters for the future implementation to our NAA system. For this objectives, the definition of relevant factors for the quantitative analysis and the equation for the experimental determination of parameters such as $Q_0$(${\alpha}$) and f were summarized. Furthermore, a foundation for the $k_0$-standardization method was prepared through the measurement of ${\alpha}$ and f-value which depend on the specific character of irradiation hole at NAA#1-hole of HANARO research reactor.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.335-342
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• 2021

Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to serious health issues in both infants and adults. A simple analytical method involving sample pretreatment with enzyme, followed by cyanide addition under acidic conditions; separation on an immunoaffinity column; and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for the rapid detection and quantitation of vitamin B12 in powdered milk. Detection limit and powdered milk recovery were determined by quantitative analysis. The limits of detection and quantitation were 2.71 and 8.21 ㎍/L, respectively. Relative standard deviations of the intra-day and inter-day precisions varied in the ranges of 0.98%-5.31% and 2.16%-3.90%, respectively. Recovery of the analysis varied in the range of 83.41%-106.57%, suggesting that the values were acceptable. Additionally, vitamin B12 content and recovery in SRM 1849a were 54.10 ㎍/kg and 112.24%, respectively. Our results suggested that the analytical method, including the sample pretreatment step, was valid. This analytical method can be implemented in many laboratory-scale experiments that seek to save time and labor. Therefore, this study shows that immunoaffinity-HPLC/ultraviolet is an acceptable technique for constructing a reliable database on vitamin B12 in powdered milk containing starch as well as protein and/or fat in high amounts.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.213-220
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• 2007

This paper proposes the selection model of the telecommunication company using an analytical hierarchy process. When selecting a telecommunication company, consumers conflict the difficulty In decision-making because there are many competitive and complementary factors of telecommunication companies. To select an optimal telecommunication company, consumers need to consider a number of different quantitative and qualitative factors such as fare, various services, additional function and so on. In this study, we use the analytic hierarchy process based method for selecting the telecommunication company considering various factors to help consumers' decision-making for their benefits.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.73-77
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• 1992

The quantitative analysis experiment of Zn-Fe electroplated steel was carried out by means of glow discharge spectrometry. The experimental results of chemical composition and coating weight of the Zn-Fe layer were compared with those obtained by the wet chemical analysis method. It has been found that those results obtained by two different methods agreed well with each other.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.161-182
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine level of individual foreign learners' quantitative knowledge of korean vocabulary through the Foreign Learners' Korean Vocabulary Knowledge Assessment and to propose a vocabulary education plan reflecting the result. This assessment was written in focus of semantic relation to identify category, integrated and analytical knowledge of Korean verbs acquired by foreign learners and as a result, the following educational implications were made. First, the learners' knowledge about the vocabulary combinational relationship was very limited. Second, learners are not interested in vocabulary's synonymous relation and antonymous relations. Lastly, there needs to be a concern about postpositional particle-use education. The results of these kinds of research, observes the learners vocabulary acquisition process to determine Korean textbook and present vocabulary level in appropriate in terms of learners' perspective, and provide an opportunity to check if current professors' method is adequate and valid.