• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.17 no.6 s.79
• /
• pp.737-747
• /
• 2005

The connection of the slab with the steel beam and thus, the transmission of shear force at the interface of the steel-concrete composite beams is achieved with shear connectors, in general, with shear studs. The composite action through these shear studs has a significant influence on the load carrying behavior of the composite beams. The load carrying capacity of studs is determined through push-out tests. At present, the transferability of this load carrying capacity of studs to composite beams, especially in cases of partial interaction, is being questioned by experimental and theoretical investigations. In this study, a finite element model for the simulation of the behavior of the standard push-out specimen and the composite beams without the implementation of the load-slip curve of the stud connectors from the push-out test is developed. The load carrying behavior of the studs in the composite beams is estimated and compared with the results of the push-out test. The reason for the difference in the load carrying behavior of the studs in the push-out test specimen and in the composite beams is found.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.235-238
• /
• 2011

In this paper, a novel low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using metamaterial structure and rat race coupler is presented for reducing the phase noise without the reduction of the frequency tuning range. The metamaterial structure has been realized by microstrip square open loop double split ring resonator (SRR). The rat race coupler shows slightly higher transmission compared to a Wilkinson combiner and is, therefore, used instead to improve the performances of VCO. By providing these unique modifications, the proposed push-push VCO has a phase noise of -126.30~-124.83 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz in the tuning range of 5.672~5.800 GHz.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2000.10b
• /
• pp.1231-1234
• /
• 2000

최근, 인터넷, 무선 네트워크, 위성통신, 케이블 네트워크 등 서로 다른 네트워크 시스템들 간의 상호 연결 능력이 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있으며, 이는 데이터 배포에 기반을 둔 정보 중심 응용 분야를 새롭게 확산시키고 있다. 이러한 응용들은 데이터를 많은 수의 클라이언트로 전송하기 위하여 Push 기술을 사용하는데, Push 기술과 Broadcast와의 차이에 대해 최근에 많은 혼란과 논란이 일고 있다. 이러한 혼란은, Push 기술이 데이터 전달 메커니즘의 비중있는 디자인의 한 면이라는 점과, 네트워크 정보시스템이 정보 생산자와 소비자가 다른 집합사이에서 서로 다른 데이터 전달체계를 이용 할 수 있다는 점으로부터 발생된다. 본 논문에서는 배포 기반의 정보 시스템과 그 응용들을 위한 디자인 공간의 특징을 정의하고, 현재의 Push 기술의 구현 방법을 분석한다.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.71-94
• /
• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to verify impacts of factors, representing Push-Pull-Mooring(PPM) on switch intention to OTT(Over-The-Top) service in demand for content and to find relationship between factors through empirical analysis. Design/methodology/approach This study designed a research model by deriving factors affecting the intention to switch on OTT service based on the Push-Pull-Mooring framework and researches on OTT service. To test the hypothesis, a total of 357 responses were collected from individuals with experience in using OTT service and analyzed using SPSS26 and SmartPLS3.0. Findings According to the empirical analysis result, this study confirmed that the push, pull, and mooring factors proposed in this study had a significant effect on switching intention on OTT service. In addition, this study confirmed that both low switching cost and need for variety had a significant effect except for hypothesis H8.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.175-176
• /
• 2009

주문형 비디오 서비스와 라이브 스트리밍 서비스는 보편화와 급격한 성장을 바탕으로 보다 나은 품질의 스트리밍 서비스를 제공하기 위한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 이 과정에서 P2P 시스템을 이용한 비디오 스트리밍은 서비스 공급자에게 비용상으로 큰 이점을 안겨 주었을 뿐만 아니라 사용자에게는 보다 나은 다운로드 속도를 제공하는 등 많은 장점을 가져왔다. 본 논문에서는 P2P 비디오 스트리밍의 대표 방식인 push와 pull을 혼합하여 시기 적절하게 사용하는 새로운 push/pull 방식을 제안한다. 본 방식은 push와 pull을 chunk 분포도에 기초하여 선택적으로 사용하기 때문에 push와 pull 방식의 장점을 모두 포함하게 된다

• Korean small business review
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.221-243
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to research the effects of desire for independence, possibility of start-up success and employment stability to the push-entrepreneurship through the push-entrepreneurship by a survey of employees in the middle age. The purpose of the creating start-up environment was encouraged the qualitative expansion of opportunity-driven start-up rather than the quantitative expansion of necessity-driven start-up for the economic growth and expanding employment. In spit of the employees had their own careers, skills, opportunities and market-experiences, In reality it is necessity-driven start-up that the quantitative expansion. The purpose of this study was to reflect process change by desire for independence, push-entrepreneurship and pull-entrepreneurship based on the possibility of start-up success and employment stability perceived by individual founders, changed process factor rather than the fixed result factor. The results are as follows. First, it was found that desire for independence makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and the push-entrepreneurship. Second, it was found that the possibility of start-up success makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and not effect on push-entrepreneurship. third, it was found that the employment stability makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and not effect on the push-entrepreneurship. Forth, it was found that desire for independence makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and mediating negative (-) effect on the push-entrepreneurship. The implication of this study was that potential entrepreneurs with desire for independence, rather than necessity-driven start-up due to unemployment, could be developed as pull-entrepreneurship improved the situation of push-entrepreneurship. In addition, it seems that entrepreneurship education and activation of entrepreneurship programs for employee with desire for independence expand opportunity-driven start-up after retirement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2012.10a
• /
• pp.655-656
• /
• 2012

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.86-96
• /
• 2017

Background: Scapular dyskinesis is characterized by altered scapular position and motion. Specifically, excess activation of the Upper trapezius (UT) combined with decreased Lower trapezius (LT) and Serratus anterior (SA) have been observed. The Standard push-up plus exercise (SPP) is considered as a therapeutic exercise for increasing SA activity and maintaining the scapular kinematics. In addition, Using the Sling surface can lead to higher muscle activity. However, the advantage of an unstable surface has been uncertatin. Objects: To compare the activation of the UT, LT, and lower serratus anterior (LSA) muscles during various push-up plus exercises with and without sling in subjects with scapular dyskinesis. Methods: Total 18 male subjects with scapular dyskinesis were recruited. The UT, LT, and LSA electromyographic activities and the UT/LSA and UT/LT EMG activity ratios were measured during three push-up plus exercises with and without sling. Two-way repeated of analysis of variance was used to determine the statistical significance. Results: The UT activity was significantly lower in all postures without sling than that with sling. In addition, the LSA activity was significantly greater without than with sling, and significantly large in SPP, Low back supported push-up plus (LSPP), and Quadruped push-up plus. Additionally, the UT/LSA and UT/LT activity ratios were lower in SPP and LSPP without sling than with the other four push-up plus exercises. Conclusion: The push-up plus without sling were considered to decrease UT and increase LSA activity compared with exercises with sling. Furthermore, SPP without sling seems to be a more effective exercise for increasing LSA activity and lowering the UT/LSA and UT/LT activity ratios in scapular dyskinesis subjects.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.333-341
• /
• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the consistency of the gliding and push-off motion for single leg skating from the first to fourteenth steps. We hypothesized that: 1) there would be no difference in stroke trajectory, step rate, and cycle rate between the left and right steps of gliding; and 2) there would be a difference in the resultant velocity of toe push-off and the horizontal velocity of the center of mass after six step push-offs. Method: The study included five male 500-m speed skaters (mean height, $1.80{\pm}0.02m$; mean weight, $76.8{\pm}3.96kg$; record, $35.83{\pm}0.30sec$; 100-m record, <9.97 sec). Data were collected from the first to fourteenth steps (40 m) and recorded using five digital JVC GR-HD1KR video cameras (Victor Co., Japan) operating at a sampling frequency of 60 fields/sec and shutter speed of 1/500 sec. For each film frame, the joint positions were digitized using the KWON3D motion analyzer. Position data were filtered with low-pass Butterworth $4^{th}$ order at the cut-off frequency of 7.4 Hz. Results: The right toe of the skating trajectories at $2^{nd}$, $5^{th}$, and $7^{th}$ strokes differed from those of the left toe. The angles of the right and left knee demonstrated unbalanced patterns from the flexion and extension legs. The step and cycle rates of the right and left leg differed from the start until 20 m. The resultant velocities of the toe at the push-off phase and of the body mass center diverged before the six push-offs. Conclusion: This study's findings indicate that the toe of skating trajectory on left and right sliding after push-off should maintain a symmetrical trajectory. The resultant velocity of toe push-off and horizontal velocity from the center of body need to be separated after about six step push-offs.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.445-466
• /
• 2022

As everything linking to the internet, people can subscribe to various services from a service provider to facilitate their lives through the Internet of Things (IoT). An obligatory thing for the service provider is that they should push the service data safely and timely to multiple IoT terminal devices regularly after the IoT devices accomplishing the service subscription. In order to control the service message received by the legal devices as while as keep the confidentiality of the data, the public key encryption algorithm is utilized. While the existing public encryption algorithms for push service are too complicated for IoT devices, and almost of the current subscription schemes based on push mode are relying on centralized organization which may suffer from centralized entity corruption or single point of failure. To address these issues, we design a secure subscription-push service scheme based on blockchain and edge computing in this article, which is decentralized with secure architecture for the subscription and push of service. Furthermore, inspired by broadcast encryption and multicast encryption, a new encryption algorithm is designed to manage the permissions of IoT devices together with smart contract, and to protect the confidentiality of push messages, which is suitable for IoT devices. The edge computing nodes, in the new system architecture, maintain the blockchain to ensure the impartiality and traceability of service subscriptions and push messages, meanwhile undertake some calculations for IoT devices with limited computing power. The legalities of subscription services are guaranteed by verifying subscription tags on the smart contract. Lastly, the analysis indicates that the scheme is reliable, and the proposed encryption algorithm is safe and efficient.