• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.99-116
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• 2002

This study is based on the Ecological Design Theories related with the Village and Architectural planning. The purpose of this study is to propose the Rural Village Design Method in consideration of Ecological Environment. To achieve this purpose, Normative Theory Study which means Logical Analysis of Ecological Theories in the new field of Ecological Village and Architecture Design, is done in accordance with the object of this study. This results derived of this study are as follows: 1. Six(6)-Environmentally Friendly Rural Village Planning Elements related with the purpose of this study, are clarified these are Land-use planning, Transfortation planning, Plants and Water, Living-thing Ecological System planning, Energy and resource planning, Village Culture and amenity planning, and Architectural Material planning. 2. Rural Village Design Method in consideration of Ecological Environment is porposed by means of the Normative theroy study analysis and contents analysis related with Ecological Village and Architecture planning which contain Ecological Planning Elements, and case study.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.414-422
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• 2020

In this study, an empirical analysis of 55 ship finance cases executed by a specific ship finance bank from 2009 to 2016 during the recession period was conducted. The purpose of this study was to find the factors affecting changes in the debt performance of Korean shipping companies. The main factors were the loan nature (investment purpose, loan-to-value (LTV), syndicated loans, loan terms, put-option, balloon, and spread), financial nature (total assets turnover, net profit-to-sales ratio, debt ratio, quick ratio, total borrowing, bonds payable to total assets, interest expenses-to-sales ratio, debt service coverage ratio (DSCR), and total assets), and the company nature (company age, chief executive officer's (CEO's) shares, and listing status). In this study, the factors affecting the debt repayment capability of domestic shipping companies (loan nature, financial nature, and company nature) were verified. The credit rating was used to measure the dependent variable, debt repayment ability. The variables of investment purpose, put-option, balloon, and spread in the loan nature, debt ratio in the financial nature, and the CEO's shares and company age in the company nature were found to be significant.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.3-10
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• 2017

This study was tried to find out characteristics of students' movement in classroom and homeroom. The object was the school whose homebase management was different by grade. Observation research was tried about middle school class that is simultaneously worked with different type of homeroom and the movement of students under various situations was analyzed. As a result, students in exclusive subject classroom moved in short time within one or two minutes after class. In case of exclusive homeroom, returning frequency of students was nearly about 85 to 100 percent within ten minutes in end of end. Behavioral characteristics of students in dual purpose homeroom was similar in exclusive subject classroom. The class using dual purpose homeroom showed high ratio in use of center homebase, therefore, returning frequency at short recess time was extremely low. In case of dual purpose homeroom at lunch time, next class students moved in early time and maximized within one or two minutes in end of end. These results are thought to be useful for planning spaces of variation type.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.37-50
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• 1997

Low back Pain(LBP) is a common problem, and the resulting disability frequently contains nonorganic, psycho-logical and social elements that are difficult for the physical therapists to manage. The physical therapist-patient relationship is the most important factors in the management of low back pain as chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and to identify factors that had influenced low, back pain patients satisfaction with physical therapist The subjects of this study were 223 out-patients(116 males and 107 females) who had been visited to physical therapy room of medical institutions in Seoul and Uijgngbu city. They were examined by the questionaire of Dimatteo and Hays which was amended to serve the purpose of this study by author. The collected data was analyzed by ANOVA according to the purpose of this study. There was no difference with statistic value in LBP patient's satisfaction according to occupation, sex, schooling, religion, marital status, medical security, duration of disease, the tine required, recurrence, but was a difference according to age, income, period of treatment, cost, diagnosis, waiting time, the number of physical therpy's sort, sex ane age of physical therapists (p<.05). LBP patients was satisfied with physical therapist's communicative behavior, but was dissatisfied with physical therapist's competence.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.755-765
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• 2019

Purpose: Chatbots are widely diffusing across various industries to substitute human manpower in the industry. However as researchers only develop technology that is applied to chatbot, the diffusion is slow in progress. The purpose of this study is to propose useful implications to accelerate diffusion of chatbots across industries by analyzing the perception of customers. To achieve the research purpose this study analyzes causal effect relationship between characteristics of chatbot character, service quality, individual difference, and intention to use chatbot. Methods: This study developed a survey that contains various questionnaires for each construct based on literature review. Data collected through survey was tested for convergent validity and discriminant validity and further analyzed the relationship using PLS-SEM method to verify hypotheses. Results: Trustworthiness of the chatbot character, ease of use, application design, responsiveness, customization, assurance, inertia, and previous experience have significant influence on forming user satisfaction, consumer trust, and intention to use. The others, likability, appropriateness, technology anxiety, and need for interaction were not significant in this research. Conclusion: Although the constructs of the research model was significant in previous literatures, some do not have significant effect on intention to use chatbots. Based on the results, chatbot managers will be able to develop chatbot systems which are more appealing to users and more academic researchers will focus on analyzing user perception and intention.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.115-129
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• 2016

This study aims to develop co-farming program for elderly farmers, employ, then evaluate its effectiveness whether it influences purpose in life and psychological well-being of program participants. A total of 130 elderly farmers that composed of 65 in experimental group and control group respectively were enrolled in this study. The results of this study are as follows: First, the experimental group showed significant difference on 'purpose in life' compared to the control group(t=3.316, p<.001). Second, the experimental group showed significant difference on 'Psychological Well-being' compared to that of control group. The four major problems of elderly farmers which are poverty, health, loneliness and alienation keeps on worsening over time along with the population ageing. According to the result, it is necessary to improve elderly farmer's quality of life by developing suitable and sustainable occupation.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify and to compare the fashion show effectiveness between consumers and sponsors. The data were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, cross-tab, t-test and Kruskal Wallis with utilizing SPSS for Windows. The results of this study were as follow: 1. There was a favorable attitude towards fashion show itself but negative attitude towards possibility of purchasing clothes through fashion show. 2. Possibility of purchasing clothes through fashion show was very rare. Only 7.3% of consumers showed the experience of purchasing clothes through the show. 3. There were significant differences in the perception of watching fashion show purpose between consumers and sponsors. Consumers considered fashion show as more entertaining factor but sponsors considered show as more informative and sales promotion factor. 4. There was different recognition about purpose of having fashion show between consumers and sponsors. Sponsors utilized fashion show for the sales promotion medium but consumers recognized the fashion show as publicity for the company. 5. Sponsors showed more favorable attitude towards fashion show than consumers group.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.203-210
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• 2012

This study, focusing on the costumes of Kouge in the era of Kamakura and the end of Heian in Japan, aims to explore the aspects and characteristics of the costumes that were developed under political, economical, and social circumstances. The findings are the following. Male costumes include Sokdae, Pogo, Euigwan, Jikeui, Sueui, and Sugan, while female costumes include Shipidan, Sogyu, Sejang, and Hansam. Different clothes of Kuge were chosen depending on the types and purposes of the occasions: full dress and Yahkjang, a semi-dress, for a ceremonial purpose, street costume for a personal visit purpose, outdoor clothing for hunting and outdoor activities, Cheongjangsok, and Sukjikjangsok. In these various types of clothes we can assume the elegant life of aristocratic class of Kouge. In addition, different fabrics, patterns, and dresses were chosen depending on the grade of ranks of Kouge, so that Kouge can differentiate their ranks, keep the order of the ranks, and enhance their authority by themselves. With the advent in the era of Kamakura, the power of Kouge was weakened and their clothes underwent changes, some types of clothes were omitted or simplified or the clothes of subordinates were worn. In addition, when new forces appeared and new clothes came about, there were changes in the purpose and the wearer of the clothes: from ordinary clothes to official clothes, from the clothes of lower class to the clothes of higher class, and from Sukjikjangsok to Cheongjangsok.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.38
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• pp.38-47
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• 2003

This study is one of studies which refer aesthetic characteristics and relationship about Korean traditional architecture. In this rapidly changing society, it is worthy to recognize our traditional aesthetics from which we may get a solution for improving our surrounding. The major purpose of this study was to present a holistic framework to understand aesthetics of Korean traditional architecture in a viewpoint of relationship. As a secondary purpose with this framework, Gyeongbokgung which is one of Korean traditional palaces in Chosen dynasty was analyzed and appropriate case example images were gained. Through this process, the framework could get better capability to persuade relativity of this study by showing relevant example. Through the purpose, the uniqueness of this study were like following; First, it referred a word 'relationship' clearly and exposed it to a systematic framework. Second, it referred space characteristics and aesthetics characteristics of Korean traditional architecture synthetically comparing with that other literatures referred the characteristics partially focused on their interests. Third, many literatures showed the characteristics partially by some case examples and photos but, it showed a complete case example and appropriate photos to endow persuasive power for understanding the framework.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on the use of electronic cigarettes by identifying the relationship between smoking and smoking behavior and the use of electronic cigarettes. Methods: This study used data from 8,150 participants of the 'Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)' s 7th (2016). In this study, 1,051 people currently smoking were analyzed. The number of people using electronic cigarettes was 74 among current smokers. Results: The age of onset of smoking was 20.46 years old in the group not using electronic cigarette, and the age of starting smoking was 18.12 years old in the group using electronic cigarette(p<.001). In the education level, the current use of electronic cigarette was 1.82 times higher in high school graduates than college graduates(p<.005). The reason for using electronic cigarette was 4.32 times higher than other reasons for using electronic cigarette for the purpose of smoking cessation(p<.005). Conclusions: For the smoking cessation society, education for the electronic cigarette is needed from the adolescence and selective management for the people who use the electronic cigarette for the purpose of smoking cessation is needed.