• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in financial performance, productivity, and patient care performance between metropolitan and non - metropolitan hospitals and examine the factors affecting profitability of both groups. Methods : The survey period consisted of three years of data that can identify the financial performance of the hospital. The survey subjects were selected from 58 metropolitan hospitals, 87 non - metropolitan hospitals and 147 hospitals. Results : There was a significant difference in stability, activity, cost index, productivity, and patient care performance between the metropolitan and non - metropolitan hospitals, and metropolitan hospitals showed a relatively higher ratio. Conclusions : In the metropolitan and non-metropolitan hospitals, the variables of productivity and cost index increase the profitability. However, if the factors with less influence on the results of the study are applied to the variables of various situations, it may have a great influence on the profitability increase.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.15-43
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• 1997

This paper investigates empirically the relationship between various business portfolio properties (particularly technological properties) and chaebol's performance using data on the 50largest chaebols in Korea. In addition to the traditional indexes to measure diversification such as entropy index, we calculated inter-industry technological similarity using R'||'&'||'D expenditure data by industry and 1990 Input-output Table in korea, and obtained chaebol-level technological relatedness and internal transaction proportion from chaebols' business profile, inter-inustry technological similarity and 1990 input-output table. We applied factor analysis on 13 business portfolio property indexes and showed that they could be grouped into 3 dimensions. diversification scope, inter-business relatedness and degree of vertical integration. In this paper, using 50 largest chaebols' financial data (1989-1994), we analyzed empirically the effect of business portfolio properties on ROS(Return On Sales) which is conventional index for firm performance and on TFP(Total Factor Productivity) growth which is a pure measure of firm performance. To utilize the advantage of panel data, FEM(Fixed Effect Model) and REM(Random Effect Model) were used. The empirical result shows that the entropy index as a measurement of inter-business relatedness in not significant but technological relatedness index is significant. OLS estimates on pooled data were considerably different from FEM or REM estimates on panel data. By introducing interaction effect among the three variables for business portfolio properties, we obtained three findings. First, only VI(Vertical integration) has a significant positive correlation with ROS. Second, when using TFP growth as an dependent variable, both TR(Technological Relatedness) and VI are significant and positively related to the dependent variable. Third, the interaction term between TR and VI is significant and negatively affects TFP growth, meaning that TR and VI are substitutes. These results suggest strategic directions on restructuring business portfolio. As VI is increased, chaebols will get more profit. A higher level of either TR or VI will increase TFP growth rate, but increase in both TR and VI will have a negative effect on TFP growth. To summarize, certain business portfolio properties such as VI and TR can be considered "resources" themselves since they can affect profit rate and productivity growth. VI and TR have a synergy effect of change in profit rate and productivity growth. VI increases ROS and productivity growth, while TR increases productivity growth representing a technological synergy effect.t.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.51-74
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• 2005

This paper presents an analysis of the current status of domestic hospital industry which went trough the time of new hospitals operated by chaebols from 1994 to 2003 and the dramatic changes of medical service environment such as IMF relief loan in 1997 and the separation of prescription and dispensing (SPD) in 2000. For the sake of righteous policy-making in the future, this paper presents a productivity analysis of the management and administration of 38 tertiary hospitals nationwide in the past 10 years. The analysis is based on the Malmquist index approach using linear programming. d prepare a productivity index that measures not merely efficiency but the technological evolution and adjustment to changing environments.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2012

In an effort to analyze the impact of climate change, Gangwon provincial forest was divided into three sectors; forest ecology, forest disaster, and forest productivity and analysis of their current status from 2000 to 2009 and vulnerability assessment by climate change has been carried in this study. In case of vulnerability assessment, except for the forest ecology, forest disaster (forest fires and forest pests) and forest productivity sectors were analyzed in current status, the year of 2020, and 2050. It turned out that vulnerability of forest fires in the field of disaster would become worse and forest pests also would make more impact even though there is some variation in different areas. In case of the vulnerability of forest productivity there would be not a big difference in the future compared with current vulnerability. Systematic research on the sensitivity index used for vulnerability assessment is necessary since vulnerability assessment result greatly depends on the use of climate exposure index and adaptive capacity index.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.25-44
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• 2021

Purpose - This research aims to provide empirical evidence that highlights the importance of imported intermediate goods in long-term economic growth. To this end, this paper develops an index that measures the productivity gains associated with a country's intermediate goods imports using highly disaggregated trade data. Design/methodology - The basic hypothesis is that countries sourcing higher-productivity (or higher-quality) inputs from developed economies derive a larger benefit from foreign R&D. To explore this hypothesis, standard cross-country growth regressions are performed using the highly disaggregated data from the United Nations (UN) Commodity Trade Statistics Database (COMTRADE). To address the endogeneity issue, I apply an instrumental variable (IV) approach. Findings - The results of this study demonstrate that the index predicts subsequent economic growth in middle- and low-income countries. This finding is consistent with previous studies that have argued that developing countries can achieve substantial productivity gains by importing intermediate inputs from developed countries. By contrast, there is no evidence of a significant association between the index and economic growth in high-income countries. Originality/value - This paper contributes to our understanding of the causal relationship between international trade and economic growth. From an economic policy perspective, the results suggest that developing countries with limited technology endowment can boost growth from input-tariff liberalization.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2008

서울의 대중교통체계 개편에 따른 시내버스업체의 생산성 변화를 사고비용 고려여부에 따라 비교분석하였다. 사고비용과 같은 유해한 산출물을 고려하면서 공공기관의 생산성 분석에 적합한 자료포락분석기법의 방향거리함수를 사용하였으며, 그 값을 맘퀴스트 루엔버거 생산성 지수에 적용하였다. 시내버스업체는 운전, 정비, 관리, 차량, 연료의 투입물을 사용하여, 운행거리, 승객수 및 사고비용을 생산하는 기업형태로 상정하였다. 분석결과 사고비용 고려여부와 상관없이 생산성은 약간 증가한 것으로 나타났으며, 사고비용을 고려했을 때가 제외했을 때보다 약간 더 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 시간의 흐름에 따라 운행거리와 승객 수에 대한 투입물의 사용이 줄어들었을 뿐만 아니라 그 이상으로 안전성과 관련한 서비스가 향상되었음을 의미한다. 또한 개편 분야별 생산성 변화에 미친 영향을 분석해본 결과, 운행속도 증가와 승객 수 증가가 생산성 증가에 가장 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 이는 중앙버스전용차로 설치와 대중교통통합요금거리비례제 도입의 결과를 반영하는 것으로 이들이 시간의 흐름에 따라 투입물을 감소시키면서 사고비용을 줄이는데 효과적이었다고 볼 수 있다. 다만 준공영제를 포함한 운영체계의 개편은 생산성 증가와는 관련은 있었으나 큰 영향을 미치지는 못하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2004년도 제5회 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.353-357
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• 2004

현재 우리나라의 철골공사에서 생산성은 철골부재의 중량으로 되어있다. 그러나 철골공사의 생산성은 부재의 중량보다는 피스 수에 더 많은 영향을 받는다. 이에 따라 새로운 철골공사의 생산지수가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 철골공사의 문제점을 분석하고 문제점을 개선할 수 있는 새로운 생산지수를 개발하고자 한다. 이를 통해 전 과정을 통일된 수치화하고 이 수치를 관리함에 따라 복잡한 관리를 보다 효과적으로 통합관리 할 수 있도록 한다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2016

본 연구는 세계 20위권 컨테이너항만 중에서 한국과 중국 항만들의 개별 컨테이너터미널을 단위로 SE-DEA와 Malmquist 생산성지수법으로 2012년-2015년 사이의 효율성 및 생산성 변화추이를 분석하고자 하였다. 기존연구들에 비해 본 연구에서는 연구대상의 범위를 항만 내 터미널로 좁혀 더욱 세부적인 분석을 진행하여 실제 운영에 더욱 의미 있는 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다. SE-DEA 분석결과, 기존 연구와 달리 부산항 신항 주요 터미널은 중국 못지않은 효율성 및 생산성을 나타내고 있음을 밝혔다. 또한, Malmquist 생산성지수법 분석결과, 한국터미널의 평균 MPI지수는 1.051로 생산성이 연간 5.1% 향상되었고, 중국 터미널의 평균 MPI지수는 1.049로 생산성이 연간 4.9% 향상되었다. 2012년-2015년 한 중 양국 터미널의 평균 TCI지수는 각각 1.032와 1.0318로 MPI지수 변화에 중요한 요소로 작용하였다. 즉 생산성 제고는 운영효율성 개선보다 장비투입이나 기술개진을 통해 실현하였음을 설명한다. 미래에 경영의사결정을 함에 있어서 적극적인 시장개척을 통한 물량확보 증가와 운영효율성 제고를 통해 생산성을 개선하여야 한다. 향후 연구에서는 방법론의 다양화와 터미널 재무능력, 서비스 수준 등을 고려한 종합적인 효율성 분석이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2007

This study was conducted to estimate site productivity of Quercus acutissima and Quercus mongolica by four forest climatic zones. We used site environmental variables (28 geographical and pedological factors) and site index as a site productivity indicator from nation-wide 23,315 stands. Based on multiple regression analysis between site index and major environmental variables, the best-fit multivaliate models were made by each species and forest climatic zone. Most of site index prediction models by species were regressed with seven to eight factors, including altitude, relief, soil depth, and soil moisture etc. For those models, three evaluation statistics such as mean difference, standard deviation of difference, and standard error of difference were applied to the test data set for the validation of the results. According to the evaluation statistics, it was found that the models by climatic zones and species fitted well to the test data set with relatively low bias and variation. Also having above middle of site index range, total area of productive sites for the two Quercus spp. estimated by those models would be about 6% of total forest area. Northern temperate forest zone and central temperate forest zone had more productive area than southern temperate forest zone and warm temperate forest zone. As a result, it was concluded that the regressive prediction with site environmental variables by climatic zones and species had enough estimation capability of forest site productivity.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2013

Purpose - We live in a world of constant change and competition. Many airports have specific competitiveness goals and strategies for achieving and maintaining them. The global economic recession, financial crises, and rising oil prices have resulted in an increasingly important role for facility investment and renewal and the implementation of appropriate policies in ensuring the competitive advantage for airports. It is thus important to analyze the factors that enhance efficiency and productivity for an airport. This study aims to determine the efficiency levels of 20 major airports in East Asia, Europe, and North America. Further, this study also suggests suitable policies and strategies for their development. Research design, data, and methodology - This paper employs the DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC, and DEA-Malmquist production index analysis models to determine airport efficiency. The study uses data on the efficiency and productivity of the world's leading airports between 2006 and 2010. The input variables include the airport size, the number of runways, the size of passenger terminals, and the size of cargo terminals. The output variables include the annual number of passengers and the annual cargo volume. The study uses basic data from the 2010 World Airport Traffic Report (ACI). The world's top 20 airports (as rated by the ACI report) are investigated. The study uses the expanded DEA Model and the Super Efficiency Model to identify the most effective airports among the top 20. The Malmquist productivity index analysis is used to measure airport effectiveness. Results - This study analyzes longitudinal and cross-sectional data on the world's top 20 airports covering 2006 to 2010. A CCR analysis shows that the most efficient airports in 2010 were Gatwick Airport (LGW), Zurich Airport (ZRH), Vienna Airport (VIE), Leonardo da Vinci Fiumicino Airport (FCO), Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), Seattle-Tacoma Airport (SEA), San Francisco Airport (SFO), HongKong Airport (HKG), Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK), and Shanghai Pudong Airport (PVG). We find that changes in airport productivity are affected more by technical factors than by airport efficiency. Conclusions - Based on the study results, we offer four airport development proposals. First, a benchmark airport needs to be identified. Second, inefficiency must be reduced and high-cost factors need to be managed. Third, airport operations should be enhanced through technical innovation. Finally, scientific demand forecasting and facility preparation must become the focus of attention. This paper has some limitations. Because the Malmquist productivity index is based on the hypothesis of the, the identified production change could be over- or under-estimated. Further, as DEA estimates the relative efficiency. It also cannot generalize to include all airport conditions because the variables are limited. To measure airport productivity more accurately, other input variables and environmental variables such as financial and policy factors should be included.