• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.258-268
• /
• 1994

황해 남부해역에서 1993년 4월 25일부터 30일까지 안정동위원소인 /SUP 15/N 질 산염과 암모니아를 이용하여 질소 신생산과 재생산을 측정하였다. 질소생산은 155∼ 688 mg N m/SUP -2/d/SUP -1/의 값을 보였는데 이는 중영양 또는 부영양 해역의 특성 이다. 탄소량으로 한산하면 C:N Redfield비 5.7:1을 가정하였을 때 881∼3909 mg C m/SUP -2d/SUP -1/에 해당된다. 기초생산 중 신생산이 차지하는 비율인 f-ratio의 범 위는 0.12∼0.26으로 기초생산의 74∼88%가 수층 내에서 순환되는 암모니아에 의하여 유지된다는 것을 시사한다. 이러한 낮은 f-ratio 값은 빈영양 또는 중영양 해역의 특 징이다. 영양염의 농도는 예상했던 바와 달리 이 해역에서 의 조사기간에는 생산성을 조절하는 중요한 요인이 아니었으며, 정점간 생산성의 차이는 수괴에 따른 생물 현존 량의 차이에 주로 기인하는 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 2016

Given the difference in research performance in various scientific fields, this study aims to weight and valuate current indicators used for evaluation of scientific productions (publications), in order to adjust these indicators in comparison to each other and make possible a more precise evaluation of scientific productions. This is a scientometrics study using documentary, evaluative, and survey techniques. The statistical population consisted of 106 top Iranian researchers, scientists, and scientific and research managers. Then their research résumé information was gathered and analyzed based on research questions. In order to compare values, the data gathered from research production performance of the population was weighted using Shannon entropy method. Also, the weights of each scientific production importance according to expert opinions (extracted from other works) was analyzed and after adjustment the final weight of each scientific production was determined. A pairwise matrix was used in order to determine the ratios. According to the results, in the area of engineering sciences, patents (0.142) in the area of science, international articles (0.074) in the area of humanities and social sciences, books (0.174), and in the area of medical sciences, international articles (0.111) had the highest weight compared to other information formats. By dividing the weights for each type of publication, the value of each scientific production compared to other scientific productions in the same field and productions of other fields was calculated. Validation of the results in the studied population resulted in very high credibility for all investigated indicators in all four fields. By using these values and normalized ratios of publication indicators it is possible to achieve precise and adjusted results, making it possible to feasibly use these results in realistic policy making.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.264-276
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to propose HACCP system implementation properly and to secure the food safety of school foodservices in Pohang city since the proper facilities and equipment should be key factors in food safety and production. So this study was designed to evaluate existing equipment in food production area, receiving and dining area, and employee facilities. Questionnaire was mailed to 107 school foodservice dietitians in Pohang area and 97 were responded (90.7% response rate). Approximately sixty percent of foodservices were not available separate receiving or polluted area, fifty one percent were installed screen door for insecticidal and temperature and humidity control, and these environmental conditions were hard to keep kitchen dry and sanitary condition. Usually public schools were better equipped than private schools. Forty three percent of school foodservice had initial use of non-foodservice, opened before 1994, and thirty three percent of elementary school foodservice. Among employee facilities, hand washing sanitation stand was prepared seventy nine percent (78.9%) of school foodservices. Dietitians chose outworn equipment and facilities (30.9%), difficulties of maintaining standard temperature and humidity for foodservice (20.6%), lacking separate receiving or polluted area (13.4%), indirect contamination of water hoss (10.3%), and lacking employee facilities (10.3%) as critical points to correct in school foodservice. Therefore governmental regulating agencies must review and approval of plans prior to new construction or extensive remodeling of school foodservice facilities. In addition to these requirement, plan must be set-up step by step to implement HACCP system properly.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.26-32
• /
• 2017

In this study, we showed understanding and production ability of the interface about internet, operating system, contents, and devices. This study aimed to make a list of 18 items in 4 areas for basic knowledge of UI/UX, establishment of design research, design concept, and design production for 22 sophomore, junior and senior students in IT departments, and the results of understanding were divided into three groups of excellent, normal, and insufficient, and evaluated. It was found that excellent was 18.39%, average was 38.52% and insufficient was 43.07%. Therefore, 18.39% of the students understood UI/UX, and 81.61% of students did not understand UI/UX well. In particular, in the comparison analysis of four areas, the design research area was 44 points, the design content area was 29 points, and the design production area was 11 points which was found to be the lowest. Next, the 10 evaluation items in the mobile UI/UX build guide evaluation were evaluated in the same way as the UI/UX understanding, and the excellent score was 3 points, the average score was 73.3 points, and the poor score was 155 points. The UI/UX build guides showed worse evaluation than UI/UX understanding. Therefore, to cultivate UI/UX understanding and content production ability, UI/UX experts should be fostered with professional course organization and systematic curriculum.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2020

The net income per unit area from crop production could be the most critical consideration for agricultural producers during cultivation planning. This paper proposes a scheme for predicting the net income per unit area based on machine learning and related calculations. This scheme predicts rice production and operation costs by applying climate and price index data. The rice price is also predicted by applying rice production and operation cost data. Finally, these predicted results are employed to calculate the predicted net income, which is compared with the actual net income. Consequently, the proposed scheme shows a meaningful degree of conformity, which indicates the potential of machine learning for predicting various aspects of agricultural production.

• 지역연구
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 1995

Regional production structres are investigated through an estimation of three-input(labor, capital and material) translog cost function. The estimation uses the pooled data in which time series data of 1970-1990 are combined with cross-sectional data corresponding to firm sizes. The empirical finding are the following: (1) the factors are Allen substitutes each otner in general except Pusan and a couple of regionss, and (2) estimates are very small in its absolute value irrespective of the regions. The low elasticity estimates of this study implies that substitytability among the three inputs are very weak in the regional manufacturing production compared to that in the national production. Seoul-Kyungki metropolitan area produces not only the smallest elasticities but relatively stable estimates without much fluctuation between the sub-regions of the area.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.591-603
• /
• 1999

A computer-aided process planning system for rotationally symmetric deep drawing products has been developed. The application for non-axisymmetric components, however, has been reported yet. Therefore, this study investigates process sequence design in deep drawing process and constructs a computer-aided process planning system for non-axisymmetric motor frame products with elliptical shape. The system developed consists of three modules. The first one os a 3-dimensional modeling module to calculate surface area for non-axisymmetric products. The second one is a blank design module that creates an oval-shaped blank with the identical surface area. The third one is a process planning module based on production rules that play the best important roles in an expert system for manufacturing. The production rules are generated and upgraded by interviewing with field engineers. Especially, drawing coefficient, punch and die radii are considered as main design parameters. The constructed system for elliptical deep drawing products would be very useful to reduce lead time and improve accuracy for production.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.88-101
• /
• 1993

This study is aimed at evaluating the present management status of the rural special production area development projects and identifying managerial problems to propose new direction of the political countermeasures for the projects. In the con text of implementing the five year's economic developent plans for the past three decades, agricultural production and farm-household income have also been grown rapidly. However the income gap between rural and urbarn laborer, as an internal problem, has widened during the decades and the UR problems concerning free trade of agricultural products, as an external problems, are now agonizing the small-holder farm economy in Korea. The internal and external farm problems could be solved through improvement of agricultural structure and provision of off-farm jobs for farm household income increase. As a part of the off-farm income sources, the rural special production area development projects have propelled by the government throughout the country. The main problems to be solved for the successful implementation of the projects are as follows : 1. Present loan amount by the financial fund was estimated at 6-7% of the total installation costs required. To expand and implement the project successfully, enough financial credit support with favorable terms and conditions have to be considered by the government. 2. The operation patterns of the special production area development project should be recommended from the view point of cooperative and private operation to maximize farm household incomes including profits, marketing charges and dividens. 3. Improvement of the marketing channel of the products and marketing information through TV program and other mass communication should be implemented strongly to promote marketsales by the financial supports of the government. 4. In connection with the off-farm income increase, the population migrating to urban area in outside Chungnam province equivalent to 10-12 thousand persons with age of 20-49 years should be taken into account politically to be employed in the projects in the province. 5. Surplus farm labors should be created by means of improvement of agricultural structure including large farm management with farm mechanization and job opportunities have also to be provided in connection with the rural special production area development projects. The two imminent subjects are the prerequisites to increase off-farm incomes for the farmers living in Chungnam province. 6. Required credit supports for investment and operation costs of the projects should be taken actions by the government.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.425-434
• /
• 2013

Nowadays, the korean peninsula has endured weather changes toward to the subtropical climate. Also demographical structure has changed into multi-cultural society in which many people from subtropical areas have immigrated into Korea. Therefore, consumption and production of subtropical vegetables become important. For the analysis, we choose eight important subtropical crops. EDM (Equilibrium Displacement Model) with many parameters and elasticities is used for the forecast of consumption and required cultivation area. The simulation focuses on the changes of the number of foreign workers and immigrated women in Korea to predict the quantity of consumption and required area in Korea. The results show that we need additional land area about 581~1,065 ha for the cropping subtropical vegetables in Korea. Finally, these required area can be provided by the cities and counties in coast area in Gyeongsangnam-Do, Jeonranam-Do and Jeju-Do. Climate change will be continued in the future. Together with climate change, the change of demographical structure into multi-culture may increase consumption and production of subtropical vegetables. Forecasting of increased consumption and required cultivation area for subtropical vegetables is significant.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 1994

The annual income (gross margin) in 1989/90 of a sample of 274 farmers in seven milk cooperatives was analyzed in the sugar cane, cassava, and horticulture areas in East Java. On average dairying contributed 42%, crops 29% and off-farm revenue 29%. Dairy income was highest in the cassava area, where it compensated for the low crop income, and lowest in the sugar cane area. Farm area and average milk yield per day per cow correlated positively with farmer's income, whereas crop income increase significantly with farm area and with the number of cows. The level of total cost per cow had a negative impact on dairy and with the number of cows. The level of total cost per cow had a negative impact on dairy and on total income. Government officials and other professionals engaged in dairying had a significantly higher total income than those with their main occupation in dairying, cropping or working as farm labourers. Uneducated farmers obtained a significantly larger income through crops, whereas farmers with tertiary education obtained more income through off-farm work, This study suggests that more attention must be paid to the actual use of labour and the improvement of the dairy output/cost ratio.