• Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.3_4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

The technologies related to the development of cultural contents we known as cultural technology (CT). CT should evolve with the changes in the cultural contents market. Currently there are five major trends in cultural market change. First, consumers are seeking more and more sensible quality from products. Second, consumers are becoming less sensitive to the cognitive quality of products. Third, consumers demand more than what contemporary technology can offer. Fourth, as the cultural products market grows, the goal of content developments has shifted from producing a 'big hit product' to producing a product which will maintain market share. Fifth, cultural products are diversifying. All these trends make the cultural products developer's job more challenging. Sensation & emotional engineering (SE engineering) can be a useful tool for cultural products developers. SE engineering is a study of the somatic sensation and the aesthetic sensation for both fundamentals and applications aspects. By quantifying the physiological and psychological responses of consumers, it studies the physical nature of stimulants, providing basic knowledge for future applications and industrialization. One widely spread myth is that a sparkling idea from a talented individual will make a difference in the cultural products industry. The careful examinations of many successful cultural products prove this is not correct. Many successful cultural products are the result of a substantial amount of investment and employment of well polished marketing technology. A scientific approach is highly required for this matter and the SE engineering is an answer

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.169-199
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• 2015

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have been combined with products from other industries to provide new functionality, as recently shown in the cases of Internet of Things (IoT). Modularity assumes a crucial role in such technological convergence, and has impacts on the relationship between organizations as well as competition within an industry. Interface standards, which ensure the connectivity between modules, serve as a critical factor in the process by which modularity affects organization systems and industry structure. To understand the aforementioned phenomenon, we studied modularity and interface standards with a focus on the interaction between technology and organization systems and subsequent changes in industrial dynamics. This paper examines previous literature on modularity and interface standards in the aspects of product architecture, organization systems, and institutional factors. With this analytical framework, we conducted a comparative analysis of electronic and automotive industries to derive implications for standardization policy. This research has shown the significance of external open interface standards in shaping an industrial landscape where a variety of module producers horizontally compete. It also advises that policymakers take into account product characteristics, engagement of leading firms in an industry, and institutional factors such as WTO law in the design of standardization policy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.660-667
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• 2018

This study examined the optimal manufacturing conditions of RDF using heat-dried sludge from sewage treatment plant in Cheonan with the oil-drying method. The amounts of oil evaporation and oil drying of the heat-dried sludge were measured at different temperatures to evaluate the value of the product. The performance of the product was then measured using a calorimeter and TGA. In addition, the concentration of odor, NH3, H2S, and TVOC during drying was determined using a portable odor-meter. Ingredient analysis was performed by EDS. Considering mass-production, the oil to heat-dried sludge weight ratio was fixed to 4:1. At $130^{\circ}C$, only physical mixing occurred after the instantaneous drying of internal water. Considering the eco-friendly aspects, there was no significant difference in the drying efficiency between $160^{\circ}C$ and $190^{\circ}C$. Therefore, the optimal conditions were a drying temperature of $160^{\circ}C$ within 5 minutes. Finally, the RDF manufactured in this study and fuel used in the thermal power plants were compared. The calorific value was 4,449kcal/kg, the water content was 2% and the ash content was 34%, which is higher than the fuel of thermal power plants. Therefore, it is believed that coal energy as well as wood pellets can be replaced.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.294-301
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• 2017

In this study, we found the optimal manufacturing conditions of livestock manure sludge RDF with the oil-drying method. We performed oil evaporation, oil drying and pelletizing of the sludge to evaluate the value of the product (sludge RDF), and measured the performance of the product using calorimeter and PXRF equipment. Also, we conducted the calorie comparison test between sludge RDF manufactured in this study and wood RDF generally used in the field. Experimental results showed that 30g of the sludge treated by vegetable oil at $130^{\circ}C$ for 25 minutes were the optimal conditions to make the sludge RDF (considering the aspects of eco-friendly and mass production). The caloric value of the sludge RDF manufactured in this study was 5211kcal/kg which is higher than that of wood RDF used widely in the market. Finally, PXRF results showed sludge RDF contains no heavy metals with the exception of sulfur. Therefore, we recommend more study about the sulfur control process for future development of the industrial manufacturing process.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.234-249
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• 1993

Herbicide is an essential agricultural chemical in the modern agriculture. Due to its bioactivity, however, risk of herbicide use against non-target organisms should be seriously considered. Among the unfavorable aspects given by herbicide, the residue is the most important because herbicide residue in soil and agricultural product is closely related to human safety. The residue in soil and crop is dependent on conditions of soil, weather, herbicide use and crop cultivation, etc. In general, the residue in soil or agricultural product in Korea is known to be not serious at this moment, except for some problems like carry-over effect on succeeding crops. To secure safety of herbicide use for the health, soil ecology and other environment, researches on herbicide residue including monitoring survey should be done more frequently and extensively. Safety guide for herbicide usage should be kept by farmers and development of long toxic herbicide should be accelerated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.36
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• pp.239-262
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• 1998

The pursuit of freedom by the individual--desire to be liberated from all forms of restrictions-- is one of the defining character-istic of the modern society. As costume is, in part, a product of the spirit of the times, it was only natural that this desire for freedom would find its expression in modern costume as well. Among various forms of restrictions, differentiaton by sex has placed one of the most significant binding influences on individual behavior. From early times, the dichotomous division by sex was incorporated into the disign of costume, and the traditional differestriction of costume by sex imposed a significant restriction on the background,“the modern androhynous look”was born as a by-product of the sexual liberation movement in the second half of the 20th century, based on the concept of the individual as a complete human being rather than as a member exclusively of either the male or the female sex. This paper seeks to examine the androgynous look within a coherent theoretical frame-work, and explore new design possibilities by analyzing and understanding the visual characteristics of the androgynous look. In addition, this paper seeks to define the functional aspects of the androgynous look based on the premise that costume is an embodiment of the spirit of the times. As for research methodology, both theoretical and historical methods are employed. Through a theoretical examination of historical documents, the meaning of the androgynous look is explored from various angles, and order to examine its place in modern fashion, an-drogynous styles are categorized and system atically analyzed. The main findings of the paper can be summarized as follows : 1. Androgyny is a compound word consisting of“andro-”(meaning man) and“gyn-”(meaning woman). In modern times, this word has been associated with the socio-cultural aspect of gender rather than the physical or physiological aspect with the pshchological characteristics of the male and female sexes. Androgynous styles also appear in fashion and general arts such as drama, film, dance, and music. In fashion, the androgynous look, represented by the visual superimposition of “masculine”and “faminine”elements, has emerged as a major element of the 20th-century costume, and has gained broad acceptance among those free spirits wishing to be liberated from the conventional conceptions of male clothing, and the unisex look. 3. The androgynous look in modern fashion reflects the spirit of the 20th century society and culture, and performs various functions as follows : expression of fun, change in gender roles, expression of the inner consciousness, and pursuit of the ideal human type.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.17-25
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• 2013

Purpose - This study analyzes the effect of customers' perceived service innovativeness of service centers for electronic goods, on repurchase intentions of customers, using behavior intentions of service centers as a mediator variable. In customer management and customer relationship marketing, service centers can be the most representative customer relationship management departments because they are most closely placed at the interface with customers. In addition, this study intends to investigate if continuous relationship with customers during one-time product-selling can affect their repurchase intentions. Specifically, this research aims to investigate if the expansion of the saturated physical market of the manufacturing business, to intangible service markets, can be competitive enough to satisfy customer needs. Research design, data, and methodology - This study targets college students, and especially those who have computers, digital cameras, or cell-phones, and often use electronic products and services. In order to investigate our hypothesis, we analyzed dates through SEM (structural equation modeling) using SPSS for Windows 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. In addition, we measured Cronbach's α coefficient using SPSS for Windows 18.0 in order to measure reliability. Further, using AMOS 18.0, this research statistically measured convergent validity as well as discriminant validity, and examined mediation models and path models in which service innovativeness leads to customers' repurchase intentions of electronic products. Results - As a result, this research shows that customers' perceived service innovativeness of service centers for electronic goods has significant positive influence on customers' behavior intentions of service centers. In addition, service innovativeness of electronic goods' service centers also has significant positive influence on repurchase intentions of customers. Conclusion - This study investigates the effect of customers' positive relation with the innovativeness of electronic service center on their behavior intention and product repurchase. The more concrete, important results of the study are as follows. Through the mediating effect, the findings of the study suggest that customers' behavior intentions of service centers partially mediate the effect of customers'perceived service innovativeness of service centers for electronic goods on customers' repurchase intentions. This research also provides an insight that the importance of service innovativeness and innovative approaches in managing customers should be recognized in the process of repurchase and service roles of manufacturing business as a way for customer management. As a result, the relationship between customer satisfaction and service quality of service centers for the electronic products is very sensitive. Although previous studies focus on certain aspects of the case for enhancing service innovation (Kim, 2012), this research recommends that the service centers need to understand the customers'desire first and try to adapt to achieve customer satisfaction by being innovative. This innovativeness of service centers would make customers visit them consistently, which in the long run, will also influence their repurchase decisions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.67-86
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• 1999

It needs to be considered that citing is net a static process but a dynamic process which is to produce to reproduce and to distribute knowledge by the interaction between societies surrounding the citer. This study begins by briefly acknowledging that citation is a universal practice in terms of establishing citer's own basis of research on the basis of the relation to previous studies and persuadeing potential citer to cite his/her research product. This study, however, is a preliminary attempt to examine the premise that although citing is a unversal practice. but citer motivations can be influenced by various citation environmental contexts surrounding the citer. This study presented general citation motivations derived from previous studies: (1) substantial motivations - conceptional and methodological citations 2) persuasive motivations - positive, applied, and negative citations, (3) perfunctory motivations - perfunctory and bibliographic citations, and (4) social relation motivations - personal connections and knowledge familiarity citations. In addition, this study identified citation environment factors affecting these citation motivations: (1) citer and documentation factor, (2) social and cultural environment, (3) information environment, and (4) international knowledge system environment. Each citation environment factor presented should be interpreted not as a separate factor, but rather as a close interrelation among these environment factors, Finally, the model of the citation environment factors developed in this study was discussed in the aspects of the relationship between citation motivations and their citation environment factors. This study suggested that further research should be conducted in order to examine these relationships more empirically and citation should be considered as a social product reflecting the interaction between citer and various citation environments.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.47-62
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• 2020

As demands and applications of spatial information increase, different aspects of quality management have been raised as an important issue. This study suggests a quality management method for consumer-oriented spatial information, providing the consumer satisfaction. As opposed to the demands mentioned, less attention has been paid on the quality for the spatial information. So far, most of spatial information producers have kept their own independent quality management system and standard. Because of this unconscious response, it has been difficult to reflect the consumer's various and flexible demands from the silo structure of the quality management systems and regulations. The explosive increase of spatial information products creates quality-related problems such as limited time and budget for the consumer-oriented quality management. To solve these problems this study suggests to use a minimum number of the basic spatial information products which can guarantee better qualities when other products are combined. Because each of the spatial information product can include several other sub-products inside, it can have intrinsic characteristics such as geographic accuracy relationships between the products when combined and a hierarchical structure in each product in terms of the quality management mentioned. To prove the usability of the model, a case of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure Center is used because the Center collects and distributes an enormous amount of spatial information to the public and private sector.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.16D no.5
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• pp.767-790
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• 2009

Setting up a priorityfor an embedded system is greatly significant because a release plan at the early stage of product developments can properly be established through right decision making procedures based on the priorities. For instance, both dependencies among requirements and the aspects of product developers should be considered into the priorities to improve the embedded system. Especially, trade-offs among the requirements, which are quite different depending on H/W and S/W architecture styles they use, should be acknowledged without exception. However, the selection process on the priority has hitherto been fairly systematic in the existing environment where hardware and software are not being considered at once. Therefore, this paper suggests an dependency and aspect-based model and process for the requirements of the priority. For this, the paper analyzes the trade-offs between the requirements depending on the disparate Architecture styles of H/W and S/W, and it also reflects the viewpoints of the developers. For thelast thing, the model and process suggested will be applied to the case of the development of both cell phones and cameras to gain authenticity and reliability. In conclusion, the danger occurring when the release plan is constructed can be minimized by screening the priorities that optimizes the embedded system more explicitly.