• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2015

Recent navigation systems provide quick guide services, based on processing real-time traffic information and past traffic information by applying predictable pattern for traffic information. However, the current pattern for traffic information predicts traffic information by processing past information that it presents an inaccuracy problem in particular circumstances(accidents and weather). So, this study presented a more precise predictive traffic information system than historical traffic data first by analyzing route search data which the drivers ask in real time for the quickest way then by grasping traffic congestion levels of the route in which future drivers are supposed to locate. First results of this study, the congested route from Yang Jae to Mapo, the analysis result shows that the accuracy of the weighted value of speed of existing commonly congested road registered an error rate of 3km/h to 18km/h, however, after applying the real predictive traffic information of this study the error rate registered only 1km/h to 5km/h. Second, in terms of quality of route as compared to the existing route which allowed for an earlier arrival to the destination up to a maximum of 9 minutes and an average of up to 3 minutes that the reliability of predictable results has been secured. Third, new method allows for the prediction of congested levels and deduces results of route searches that avoid possibly congested routes and to reflect accurate real-time data in comparison with existing route searches. Therefore, this study enabled not only the predictable gathering of information regarding traffic density through route searches, but it also made real-time quick route searches based on this mechanism that convinced that this new method will contribute to diffusing future traffic flow.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.424-429
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• 2016

Globally, obesity has been recognized as a serious health problem. Recently, slimming foods for weight loss and maintenance were found to contain anti-obesity drugs, their analogues, and prohibited ingredients. To avoid inspections by the Government, structurally modified analogs have been continuously synthesized. For rapid determination of adulterated slimming products, we simultaneously analyzed 21 illegal compounds using liquid chromatography (LC) equipped with photo diode array, and LC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The validation of the method was performed with regard to selectivity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, and accuracy. We purchased 128 samples from the Korean market and online sources in the year 2015. In 31 samples, 3 illegal compounds were detected as follows: 9.9-135.3 mg/g of sibutramine, 0.2-17.5 mg/g of yohimbine, and 1.8 mg/g of icariin. This simultaneous detection method might prove to be a simple and rapid analysis for monitoring illegal compounds in slimming foods.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2004

Purpose: This research aims to assess the effect of a single session of group education of hospice program at Seoul National University Hospital for the advanced and terminal cancer patients and their family members. Methods: Response to questionnaires from 89 participants were evaluated using SAS and CHISQ analysis. The questionnaires included the following items: 1) the characteristics of participants; 2) the characteristics of patients; 3) the difficulties of patient care; 4) the satisfaction with the program Results: The participants consist of 33 patients (37.5%) and 56 family members (56.2%). Diagnosis included mainly stomach, lung, breast, and colon cancer. Participants of family members consisted of spouse, parent, children, daughter-in-law, and siblings (in decreasing order). The participants were interested in the medical information, nutrition, pain and symptom management, and psychosocial adaptation. They had difficulties in emotional problem, nutrition and symptom management. Even though it was a single session of group education, the level of satisfaction was high (95%). Conclusion: This research shows that even the single session of the group education for the advanced and terminal cancer patients and their family members is very helpful by giving them the necessary information. In order to develop comprehensive care-giving services, more specific informations, more opportunities to participate in such sessions and longer question-answer time is required.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2001

Field investigations were initiated to determine possible new 'ssam' vegetable that could be grown during the summer season in highland. Korean 'ssam' means cooked rice in vegetables. The 'ssam' vegetable is called that those leaves has been used for wrapping at meal. Seventeen leafy vegetables were studied, including chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. flavescens DC.), leaf broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica), Chinese leek (Allium tuberosum Rottl.), Japanese hornwort (Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk), red leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.), green leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.), leaf parsley (Petroselinum crispum Nijim), pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Jusl.) tatsoi (Brassica campestris var. narisoma), kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), collard (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), Korean mint (Agastache rugosa O. Kuntze), romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia Lam.), red leaf chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. folisum), red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. folisum), green leaf chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. folisum), and sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Date of the first harvest in 1999 was July 10th in chard, leaf broccoli, red mustard, mustard, leaf parsley, pakchoi, tatsoi, kale, collard, Korean mint, red leaf chicory, red chicory, green leaf chicory, and sprouting broccoli. Date of the first harvest for Chinese leek, Japanese hornwort, and romaine lettuce was from the middle of June to the late of August. Based on ratings on marketable yield, we found good leaf shape, taste and yield in chard, red leaf mustard, green leaf mustard, pakchoi, tatsoi, romaine lettuce, red leaf chicory, red chicory, and green leaf chicory. Even though the most of all these vegetables were obtained high scores by test panels in shape, taste and quality, but some of them revealed inadequate leaf size as a 'ssam' vegetable. That problem will be solved by control of harvesting time. On the basis of this observation, chard, red leaf mustard, green leaf mustard, pakchoi, tatsoi, romaine lettuce, red leaf chicory, red chicory, and green leaf chicory were rated as promising 'ssam' vegetable by analysis of profits, adaptation, and quality.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.428-435
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• 2019

The rapid increase and dissemination of carbapene mases, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), has become a major problem within the field of healthcare-related infection. There are few antibiotics to treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections, so the identification of resistant bacterial mechanisms is critical to initiate infection control and conduct epidemiological research. A rapid and effective method for detecting KPC-producing bacteria is needed to avoid therapeutic failures and introduce measures to prevent and control the dissemination of these multi-resistant bacteria. During the study period, 31 isolates (seven isolates of Acinetobacter spp., six isolates of Morganella morganii, five isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, five isolates of Proteus mirabilis, one isolate of Proteus vulgaris, two isolates of Enterobacter cloacae, one isolate of Enterobacter aerogenes, one isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae, one isolate of Klebsiella oxytoca, one isolate of Serratia marcescens and one isolate of Escherichia coli) were identified by the VITEK. Gram negative rod bacteria were the most frequently isolated from urine (35.5%), blood (19.4%), sputum (16.1%), pus (9.7%), ascitic fluid (9.7%), tracheal aspirates (6.5%) and bile juice (3.2%). Analysis using the PCR method identified the bla_KPC gene in the K. oxytoca1 strain, but the bla_IMP, bla_VIM and bla_OXA-48 genes are not amplified. In conclusion, diagnosis using the PCR method can accurately and quickly diagnose KPC, thus establishing quick preventive measures to prevent the spread of KPC in hospitals.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problem in measuring the differential pressure between the fire area and the neighboring smoke control zone as well as the opening force of a fire door and to present the actual values measured by an objective method. NFSC 501A specifies that the force necessary to open an access door when operating a smoke control system shall be less than 110 N. When the smoke control system does not operate in the space where it is installed, the door opening force can be measured by the test method in KS F 2805. However, when the smoke control system operates, additional opening force is required to overcome the force generated by the differential pressure between the fire area and smoke control room. Therefore, it can be seen that the method proposed by the standard has insufficient reliability. The analog measuring device and digital measuring device showed that the opening forces, $F_a$ and $F_d$, of the fully closed door before the smoke control system were 27.8 N and 27.4 N, respectively. When the door remained open by $5^{\circ}$, the opening forces, $F_a$ and $F_d$, were 33 N and 33.6 N, respectively. When the smoke control system operated and the door was fully closed, the door opening forces, $F_a$ and $F_d$, were 77.6 N and 76.0 N, respectively. Therefore, since the door opening forces are different from the criteria presented by KS F 2805, it is required to review the criteria appropriately.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.407-419
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• 2006

As substituting IPv6 network for all IPv4 network in a short time seems unattainable due to high cost and technical limitation, IPv4 and IPv6 are expected to coexist for a certain period of time. Under the co]existing environment of IPv4 and IPv6, interworking brings a number of extra security considerations even if it may have no security problem for each protocol respectively. Thus, the analysis and solutions for those various attacks toward IPv4/IPv6 interworking-related security are inevitably required for the sake of effective transition and settlement to IPv6. In this paper we carried out a proper rule of packet filtering for IPv6-in-IPv4 tunneling interworking environment to protect the IPv4/IPv6 interworking-related security attacks. Design and implementation of the packet filtering system suitable for IPv4/IPv6 tunneling environment in the form of Linux netfilter and ip6tables are also shown. Thru this study, the packet filtering system was found operating correctly ill the tunneling mechanism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2016

This study aims to examine propping by the controlling shareholders and the corporate value of Korean firms with agency problems and propping perspectives. Propping refers to a transfer of resources from a higher ownership firm to a lower ownership firm, in order to prevent the latter from going bankrupt. This study used a sample of 4,077 companies listed on the KRX data exchange from 2004 to 2014. We used proxy variables such as long-term supply contracts, asset and business sales, credit facilities, loans, and equity investments to affiliates as wealth transfer instruments of the controlling shareholders. We found that propping occurred by the equity investment of affiliates in Korean firms. Also, we found that the Korean firm's value was decreased by the affiliate equity investment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2017

Recently, the installation of photovoltaic(PV) systems has been increasing due to the worldwide interest in eco-friendly and abundant solar energy. On the other hand, a PV system has approximately 25% power loss while the energy generated from solar cells is transformed to the power coupling point through a power conversion system (DC/AC). If the output voltage of a string in the PV system is lower than the operating range of the inverter when a part of module in the string has a shadow due to weather conditions, the string is not synchronized and the whole efficiency of output power in a PV system may be reduced significantly. Therefore, to overcome this problem, this paper proposes a novel control method to compensate for the lower voltage by introducing a DC/DC voltage regulator for each string in a PV system, which adopts a concept for MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control function using the P&O algorithm and adopts constant voltage control method used in an existing inverter. This paper also implements a 2kW DC/DC voltage regulator based on the proposed algorithm and performs a variety of scenario-based experiments. From the simulation result, it was confirmed that the operation efficiency in the proposed method is improved compared to the existing method.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.533-543
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine the iron status of preschool children in Ulsan, Korea. The study was con-ducted using 95 children aged 3 to 6 years by investigating the anthropometric indices and assessing the dietary intakes and biochemical analysis. A questionnaire for dietary intakes using 24-hr recall method were carried out by the mothers of the 95 subjects. And also a study was conducted to assess hematological and biochemical status of iron and prevalence of iron deficiency. The average height and weight were 105.4 $\pm$ 7.0 cm, 18.7 $\pm$ 3.2 kg in boys, 103.8 $\pm$ 6.7 cm, 17.6 $\pm$ 2.7 kg in girls. These were lower than the body growth standard values of Korean pediatrics. There was not a significant difference in both between boys and girls. For the daily nutrient intake, energy was 1201.5 $\pm$ 280.9 kcal (79.3$\%$RDA), protein was 63.8 $\pm$ 28.2 g (219.4$\%$RDA), iron was 11.9 $\pm$ 4.5 mg (133.2$\%$RDA). The iron nutritional status by hematological assay found that Hct was 34.7 $\pm$ 2.0 ($\%$), Hb was 12.0 $\pm$ 0.8 g/dl, RBC was 4.3 $\pm$ 0.3 ($10^6/{\mu}l$), MCV was 80.5 $\pm$ 3.0 fL, MCH was 27.8 $\pm$ 1.1 pg and MCHC was 34.6 $\pm$ 0.6 g/dl. The biochemical measurement of serum iron was 75.6 $\pm$ 30.3 ${\mu}g$/dl, TIBC was 320.3 $\pm$ 34.1 ${\mu}g$/dl, serum ferritin was 30.0 $\pm$ 14.8 ${\mu}g$/dl, Zinc-Protophor-phyrin (ZPP) was 32.7 $\pm$ 8.0 ${\mu}g$/dl, and ZPP/Heme was 71.1 $\pm$ 19.5 ($\mu$mole/mol heme). The prevalence with Hct, Hb, TS and serum ferritin less than cut-off value was $8.4\%,\;9.5\%,\;12.6\%$ and $4.4\%$ respectively. But the prevalence of iron deficiency estimated with ZPP and ZPP/Heme criteria were $25.3\%$ and $27.4\%$, and were higher than in case of any other indices. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia ((low Hb (< 11.0 g/dl) and low serum ferritin (< 10 ${\mu}g$/L) or low TS (3-4 yews: < $12\%$, 5-6 years: < $14\%$)) was found in only one 3 year old girl. The prevalence of iron deficiency except Hct and Hb was the highest in 3 year group, but the prevalence by Hct and Hb was the highest in 5 year group. Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia do not seem to be a major public health problem in preschool children in Ulsan.