• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.675-687
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• 2004

This study is designed to assess the prevalence at risk of malnutrition according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and evaluate the factors influencing on the nutritional risk of the elderly. Three hundred and nine elderly (110 men and 199 women: mean age =74.1) who participated in meal service in the Chung-buk province were investigated. Mean MNA total score was 21.9 and women had significantly lower MNA scores than men (respectively, 21.5 and 22.8). In the mean time mean MNA-SF (Short Form) score was 10.7, respectively 10.6 for the women and 11.0 for the men, with the difference being statistically significant. The MNA classified 33% of the elderly as well-nourished, 61.7% as at risk of malnutrition and 5.3% as overt malnourished. However, MNA-SF categorized the examinees 40.2% as good and 59.8% at nutritional risk. Those who identified as malnourished elderly had significantly lower mean BMI, mid-arm and calf circumference, poorer functional abilities (ADL, IADL) , lower MAR and food habits scores, and higher number of nutrient $\leq$ 75% of RDA than those with at risk of malnutrition and well nourished. Also socioeconomic status such as educational level, self-rated economic status, poverty level, and marital status significantly influenced nutritional status. Similar effect was observed in self-rated nutritional status and health status, dental status, appetite change according to MNA score. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that weight loss was the most predictive item in the total MNA and MNA-SF score. It was found that items such as mobility, living status (home vs institution) , mode of feeding, and pressure sores were inappropriate for assessment of the elderly who are able to participate meal service program. Also, some modifications of items in MNA are needed in order to apply to Korean elderly. Even though the MNA seems to be an useful tool to screen those old people at risk of malnourished, a lot of work is still to be done with this assessment tool to secure its reliability.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.22-26
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• 2017

Purpose: The diagnosis of cow's milk (CM) allergy is a challenge. The Cow's Milk-related-Symptom-Score ($CoMiSS^{TM}$) was developed to offer primary health care providers a reliable diagnostic tool for CM related symptoms. The predictive prospective value of the $CoMiSS^{TM}$ was evaluated in three clinical trials. Methods: Pooled analyses of the three studies were conducted based on regressing the results of the month-1 challenge test on the month-1 $CoMiSS^{TM}$, adjusting for baseline $CoMiSS^{TM}$ using a logistic regression model. In addition a logistic regression model was also fitted to the month-1 challenge test result with the change in $CoMiSS^{TM}$ from baseline as a predictor. Results: Results suggest that infants having a low $CoMiSS^{TM}$ (median, 5) after 1 month dietary treatment free from intact CM protein have a significant risk of having a positive challenge test (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.93; p=0.002). Pooled data suggest that the change in $CoMiSS^{TM}$ from baseline to month-1 can predict CM related symptoms as a confirmed diagnosis according to the challenge test at month-1. However, in order to validate such a tool, infants without CM related symptoms would also need to be enrolled in a validation trial. A concern is that it may not be ethical to expose healthy infants to a therapeutic formula and a challenge test. Conclusion: Pooled data analysis emphasizes that the $CoMiSS^{TM}$ has the potential to be of interest in infants suspected to have CM-related-symptoms. A prospective validation trial is needed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

This study assessed the efficacy of improving the accuracy of reservoir water level prediction models by employing automated machine learning models and efficient cross-validation methods for time-series data. Considering the inherent complexity and non-linearity of time-series data related to reservoir water levels, we proposed an optimized approach for model selection and training. The performance of twelve models was evaluated for the Obong Reservoir in Gangneung, Gangwon Province, using the TPOT (Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool) and four cross-validation methods, which led to the determination of the optimal pipeline model. The pipeline model consisting of Extra Tree, Stacking Ridge Regression, and Simple Ridge Regression showed outstanding predictive performance for both training and test data, with an R² (Coefficient of determination) and NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) exceeding 0.93. On the other hand, for predictions of water levels 12 hours later, the pipeline model selected through time-series split cross-validation accurately captured the change pattern of time-series water level data during the test period, with an NSE exceeding 0.99. The methodology proposed in this study is expected to greatly contribute to the efficient generation of reservoir water level predictions in regions with high rainfall variability.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1063-1071
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to develop and test validity and reliability of on instrument for predicting nursing intention for SARS patient care. Method: The psychometric properties of a SARS patient care attrition prediction tool, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, were examined in this study. The Three-phase design involved a) salient beliefs generated from clinical nurses (n=43) b) content validation by expert panel evaluations(n=5) c) face validation by plot testing (n=10) d) and instrument validation in a cross sectional survey (n=299). Psychometric analysis of survey data provided empirical evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the instrument. Result: Principal component analysis verified the hypothesized 6-factor solution, explaining $68.2\%$ of variance, and Alpha coefficients of .7538 to .9389 indicated a high internal consistency of the instrument. Conclusion: The instrument can be used by nurse administrators and researcher to assess clinical nurses' salient beliefs about caring for SARS patients, guide tailored intervention strategies to effective caring, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.497-509
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• 2006

Until recently, the tuberculin skin test (TST) has been the only tool available for diagnosing a latent TB infection. However, the development of new diagnostic tools, using the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-specific early secreted antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) antigens, should improve the control of tuberculosis (TB) by allowing a more accurate identification of a latent TB infection (LTBI). Antigen-specific interferon-gamma ($IFN-{\gamma}$) assays have greater specificity in BCG-vaccinated individuals, and as less biased by nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Many comparative studies have suggested that those assays have a higher specificity than the TST, and the sensitivity of these assays are expected to remarkably improved if more MTB-specific antigens can become available. Nevertheless, the major obstacle to the widespread use of these tests is the limited financial resources. Similar to other diagnostic tests, the predictive value of $IFN-{\gamma}$ assays depends on the prevalence of a MTB infection in the population being tested. Therefore, prospective studies will be meeded to establish the applicability of these new assays at multiple geographic locations among patients of different ethnicities, and to determine if the $IFN-{\gamma}$ responses can indicate those with a high risk of progressing to active TB.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.855-868
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• 1992

This study was designed to test the possibility of using a standardized lateral facial photographs as a clinical tool which produce the prediction of postsurgical soft-tissue profile changes associated with surgical correction in skeletal CIII patients. The number of the patients involved in this study were 27 in total, including 11 male patients and 16 female patients. A practical method to the utilization of presurgical photo prediction for mandibular prognathic patients has been presented. To predict postoperative facial appearance, montage photographs were superimposed on standard facial reference photos taken preoperatively. Within the limitations of its technology, postoperative predictions generated by this method were of sufficient accuracy, especially mandible and chin area, for clinical use. In addition, they provide valuable communication and diagnostic information which may be used in formulating treatment plan in cases requiring corrective orthognathic surgery. But, the lip changes were somewhat exaggerated by photo prediction. Consequently, the photo prediction seems suitable for planning profile changes in orthognathic surgery that include mobilization of one main mandibular fragment. Futher investigations are needed to determine whether changes of soft-tissues and hard-tissues are sufficiently reproducible so that more meaningful predictive values can be established.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2001

Web based integrated sewer management system was developed for the analysis of sewer flow and for the optimal operation of sewer works using ArcView and SWMM. SWMM and ArcView were dynamically linked together using Avenue in order to construct user-friendly information management system. The developed system was applied to the residential area in Choonchun city to verify its utilities. All the relevant field data were analyzed on the basis of the developed system, and the modeling of sewer flow was implemented using RUNOFF, EXTRAN, TRANSPORT in SWMM. This system is now in the process of connection to the management system of stormwater, surface and subsurface environment in order to develop an integrated environmental management system. Futhermore, this system will be a critical part of overall control system of sewer works including sewer network and wastewater treatment plant. As this system can provide comprehensive prediction of flow and pollution profiles, it could serve as a tool not only for the optimal management, but also for the decision support system to examine the efficiency of planning and implementation of sewer projects.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2006

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Systems (EMS) are perceived by many to be separate environmental tools. EIA serves as a systematic and predictive tool for assessing the potentially significant impacts of developments on the environment. An EMS, on the other hand, is used to consider the key impacts of operational businesses on the environment. The main difference to note is that during the EIA process impacts on developments are predicted. A proposed development has yet to be built and therefore an element of uncertainty is associated with these assessments. With an EMS, the business or organization's processes are already in operation. Even though there is also an element of prediction involved, it is a comparatively easier task to investigate what the environmental impacts of these processes are. However, in contrast with the orientation of EIA to further development actions, EMS involves the review, assessment and incremental improvement of an existing organization's environmental effects. EMS can thus be regarded as a continuation of EIA principles into the operational stage of a policy, plan, program and project. EIA may be carried out without fully supporting necessary informations to EMS.

• 산업공학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2011

Most companies have been increasing temporary work projects to maximize the usage of their resources. They also have been developing the effective techniques for analyzing and managing the state of the projects. In order to monitor the state of a project in real-time and predict the project's future state more accurately, this paper suggests the Bayesian Network (BN) as a tool for discovering the causes of project risk and presenting the failure probability of the project. The proposed BN modeling method with consideration of the Earned Value Management (EVM) method shows how to induce the predictive and conditional probability of the risk occurrence in the future. The advantages of the suggested model are (1) that the cause of a project risk can be easily figured out via the BN, (2) that the future value of the project can be sufficiently increased by updating relevant components of the project, and (3) that more credible prediction can be made in the similar and future situation by using the data obtained in current analysis. A numerical example is also given.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed a novel method for automatic detection for snoring and heart beat using a single piezoelectric sensor. For this study multi-rate signal processing technique was applied to detect snoring and heart beat from the single source signal. The sound event duration and intensity features were used to snore detection and heart beat was found by autocorrelation. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on clinical database, which is the nocturnal piezoelectric snoring data of 30 patients that suffered obstructive sleep apnea. The method achieved sensitivity of 88.6%, specificity of 96.1% with accuracy of 95.6% for snoring and sensitivity of 94.1% and positive predictive value of 87.6% for heart beat, respectively. These results suggest that the proposed method can be a useful tool in sleep monitoring and sleep disordered breathing diagnosis.