Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지

Nutritional Risk and its Related Factors Evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment for the Elderly who are Meal Service Participants

간이 영양상태 평가법에 의한 급식서비스 이용 노인의 영양 위험도와 관련 요인

  • 한경희 (서원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최미숙 (충청대학 다이어트건강관리과) ;
  • 박정숙 (백석대학 외식산업학부)
  • Published : 2004.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study is designed to assess the prevalence at risk of malnutrition according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and evaluate the factors influencing on the nutritional risk of the elderly. Three hundred and nine elderly (110 men and 199 women: mean age =74.1) who participated in meal service in the Chung-buk province were investigated. Mean MNA total score was 21.9 and women had significantly lower MNA scores than men (respectively, 21.5 and 22.8). In the mean time mean MNA-SF (Short Form) score was 10.7, respectively 10.6 for the women and 11.0 for the men, with the difference being statistically significant. The MNA classified 33% of the elderly as well-nourished, 61.7% as at risk of malnutrition and 5.3% as overt malnourished. However, MNA-SF categorized the examinees 40.2% as good and 59.8% at nutritional risk. Those who identified as malnourished elderly had significantly lower mean BMI, mid-arm and calf circumference, poorer functional abilities (ADL, IADL) , lower MAR and food habits scores, and higher number of nutrient $\leq$ 75% of RDA than those with at risk of malnutrition and well nourished. Also socioeconomic status such as educational level, self-rated economic status, poverty level, and marital status significantly influenced nutritional status. Similar effect was observed in self-rated nutritional status and health status, dental status, appetite change according to MNA score. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that weight loss was the most predictive item in the total MNA and MNA-SF score. It was found that items such as mobility, living status (home vs institution) , mode of feeding, and pressure sores were inappropriate for assessment of the elderly who are able to participate meal service program. Also, some modifications of items in MNA are needed in order to apply to Korean elderly. Even though the MNA seems to be an useful tool to screen those old people at risk of malnourished, a lot of work is still to be done with this assessment tool to secure its reliability.

Keywords

References

  1. Yang IS. Foodservice programs for the elderly: Issues and trends. Korean J Comm Nutr 4 (2) : 260-278, 1999
  2. Han KH, Choi MS, Chung SD, Park JS. A study for effective meal service systems to improve nutritional status of the freeliving elderly. -Among meal service participant elderly- Ministry of Health & Welfare, 2000
  3. Guigoz Y, Vellas BJ. Malnutrition in the elderly: the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Ther Umsch 54(6): 345-350, 1997
  4. Lauque S, Nourhashemi F, Vellas B. Nutritional evaluation tools in the elderly. J Gerontol Geriat 32 (7) : S45-S54, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003910050180
  5. Schlenker ED. Nutrition in aging, WCB/McGraw-Hill, 1998
  6. Kim KN, Hyun TS, Lee JW. Development of simple screening test for identifying Korean elderly at risk of undernutrition. Korean J Comm Nutr 5 (3) : 475-483, 2000
  7. Lee JW, Kim KE, Kim KN, Hyun TS, Hyun WJ, Park YS. Evalation of the validity of a simple screening test developed for identifying Korean elderly at risk of undemutrition. Korean J Nutr 33(8): 864-872, 2000
  8. Guigoz Y, Vellas B, Garry PJ. Mini Nutritional Assessment: A practical assessment tool for grading the nutritional state of elderly patients. Facts Res Geront Supple 2: 15-59, 1994
  9. Guigoz Y, et al. Facts Res Gerontal, 1997 (SuppJ) pp.105-112
  10. Vellas B, Guigoz Y, Garry PJ, Nourhashemi F, Bennahum D, Lauque S, Albarede JL. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and its use in grading the nutritional state of elderly patients. Nutrition 15 (2): 159-161,1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00159-2
  11. Rubenstein LZ, Harker JO, Salva A, Guigoz Y, Vellas B. Screening for undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the shortform mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF). J Gerontol A BioI Sci Med Sci 56(6): M366-372, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.6.M366
  12. Yim KS. Analysis of the characteristics of an attendee in an elderly nutrition education program. Korean J Comm Nutr 3 (4) : 609-621,1998
  13. Lee KW, Lee YM, Kim JH. The health and nutritional status of low-income, alone-living elderly. Korean J Comm Nutr 5 (1) : 3-12, 2000
  14. Yoon JS, Lee JH. Nutrients intake, Zinc status and health risk factors in elderly Korean women as evaluated by the nutrition screening inistiative (NSI) cklist. Korean J Comm Nutr 7 (4) : 539-547, 2002
  15. Chung SD, Han KH, Park JS. A study for food service utilization and service satisfaction of the elderly participants. Korean J Soc Welfare 47: 334-368, 2001
  16. Beck AM, Ovesen L, Schroll M. A six months' prospective follow-up of patients from general practice classified according to nutritional risk by the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Eur J Clin Nutr 55(11): 1027-1033, 2001
  17. Saletti A, Lindgren EY, Johansson L, Cederholm T. Nutritional status according to mini nutritional assessment in an institutionalized elderly population in Sweden. Gerontology 46(3): 139-145, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1159/000022149
  18. Scheirlinckx K, Nicolas A, Nourashemi F, Vallas B, Garry PJ. The MNA score in successfully aging persons. Facts, Research and Intervention in geriatrics. Newsletter 6: 4 NM, USA: Serdi Publisher, 1997
  19. Han KH. Anthropometric measurement and comparative study about fat estimation methods for the elderly. skinfold thickenss, BIA and NIR method Korean J Comm Nutr 1 (3): 405-422, 1996
  20. de Groot LC, Beck AM, Schroll M, van Staveren WA. Evaluating the DETERMINE Your Nutritional Health Checklist and the Mini Nutritional Assessment as tools to identify nutritional problems in elderly Europeans. Eur J Clin Nutr 52 (12) : 877-883, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600658
  21. Choi YJ, Kim SY, Jung KA, Chang YK. An assessment of diet quality in the postmenopausal women. Korean J Nutr 33 (3): 304-313, 2000
  22. Christensson L, Unosson M, Ek AC. Evaluation of nutritional assessment techniques in elderly people newly admitted to municipal care. European J Clin Nutr 56: 810-818, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601394
  23. Murphy MC, Brooks CN, New SA, Lumbers M. The use of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Tool in Elderly Orthopaedic patients. European J Clin Nutr 54: 555-562, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601055