• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.242-252
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• 2018

Purpose: Surgical resection for gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with significant post-operative morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in patients undergoing resection for gastric adenocarcinoma with respect to post-operative morbidity and survival. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2008 and 2014. Patient demographics, radiological parameters, and pathological data were collected. OsiriX software (Pixmeo) was used to measure skeletal muscle area, which was normalized for height to calculate skeletal muscle index. Results: A total of 56 patients (41 male, 15 female; mean age, $68.4{\pm}11.9years$) met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 36% (20 of 56) of the patients were sarcopenic pre-operatively. Both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patient groups were equally matched with the exception of weight and body mass index (P=0.036 and 0.001, respectively). Sarcopenia was associated with a decreased overall survival (log-rank P=0.003) and was an adverse prognostic predictor of overall survival in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 10.915; P=0.001). Sarcopenia was a predictor of serious in-hospital complications in multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 3.508; P=0.042). Conclusions: In patients undergoing curative resection for gastric cancer, there was a statistically significant association between sarcopenia and both decreased overall survival and serious post-operative complications. The measurement and reporting of skeletal muscle index on pre-operative computed tomography should be considered.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제71권2호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2011

Background: It is known that cigarette smoke (CS) causes cell death. Apoptotic cell death is involved in the pathogenesis of CS-related lung diseases. Some members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family have roles in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced apoptosis. This study was conducted to investigate the role of PKC epsilon in CSE-induced apoptosis in human lung fibroblast cell line, MRC-5. Methods: Lactate dehydrogenase release was measured using a cytotoxicity detection kit. The MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. Western immunoblot, Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry were used to demonstrate the effect of $PKC{\varepsilon}$. Caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities were determined using a colorimetric assay. To examine $PKC{\varepsilon}$ activation, Western blotting was performed using both fractions of membrane and cytosol. Results: We showed that CSE activated $PKC{\varepsilon}$ by demonstrating increased expression of $PKC{\varepsilon}$ in the plasma membrane fraction. Pre-treatment of $PKC{\varepsilon}$ peptide inhibitor attenuated CSE-induced apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by the MTT assay (13.03% of control, 85.66% of CSE-treatment, and 53.73% of $PKC{\varepsilon}$ peptide inhibitor-pre-treatment, respectively), Hoechst 33342 staining, and flow cytometry (85.64% of CSE-treatment, 53.73% of $PKC{\varepsilon}$ peptide inhibitor-pre-treatment). Pre-treatment of $PKC{\varepsilon}$ peptide inhibitor reduced caspase-3 expression and attenuated caspase-3, caspase-8 activity compared with CSE treatment alone. Conclusion: $PKC{\varepsilon}$ seem to have pro-apoptotic function and exerts its function through the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in CSE-exposed MRC-5 cells. This study suggests that $PKC{\varepsilon}$ inhibition may be a therapeutic strategy in CS-related lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the effects of Therapeutic Play Program on the pre-operative anxiety of the preschoolers. The design of this study is a quasi experimental study of non-equivalent control group pre-test/post-test design. Method: The subjects of this study were the hospitalized preschoolers receiving an operation in C University Hospital. These totalled 60 and were divided into a 30-person-control-group and a 30-person-experimental-group. The data was collected from June 1 to October 5, 2002. The Experimental treatment was carried out according to Therapeutic Play Program developed by Researcher. The instruments used in this study were the observational records for Hospitalized preschooler's Anxiety behavior response, pulse rate, and respiration rate of the preschooler's. The collected data were analyzed with real numbers, percentage, t-test, and $X^2$-test, using SPSS WIN 11.0 program. Result: Hypothesis, "The experimental group provided with a Therapeutic Play Program would show a lower score of the pre-operative anxiety behavior(t=13.79, p=.00), pre-operative pulse(t=4.50, p=.00) and pre-operative respiration rate(t=4.29, p=.00) response than when the control group was not provided", was supported. Conclusion: Therapeutic Play Program is determined to be useful for reducing Pre-operative anxiety of the preschoolers.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2013

여러 치료선량 측정기들 중 치료 현장에서의 사용이 간편한 형광물질 기반 측정기인 유리선량계(Glass Rod Dosimeter, GRD)는 방사선 조사 후 측정 소자의 안정화를 위한 전처리(Pre-processing) 과정이 필수적이며, 가열방식($70^{\circ}C$, 30분)과 대기방식($20^{\circ}C$, 24시간)의 두 가지의 전처리 방식이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 각각의 전처리 조건이 측정 결과에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 사용자들에게 유용한 참고자료를 제시하고자 한다. 20개의 GRD 소자들 모두에 같은 선량을 조사한 후, 10개씩 나누어 각각 다른 전처리 방식을 사용하여 판독함으로써 각 전처리 방식의 특징들을 상호 비교하였다. 가열방식의 경우 소자 간 판독 편차는 1.13%, 시간에 따른 평균 판독값의 편차는 최대 5.33%였다. 대기방식의 경우에는 소자 간 판독 편차가 0.49%, 시간에 따른 평균 판독값의 편차는 최대 1.28%로 나타났다. 또한 동일한 선량을 주었을 때 전처리 방식에 따라 판독 절대값은 4.1%의 차이를 보였다. 또한 251명의 환자들을 대상으로 한 임상 측정 평가 결과 부위에 따라 다르지만 평균적으로 5% 이내의 측정 오차를 보였으나, 대기 방식의 경우 판독 시점에 따른 영향이 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 결론적으로 GRD는 치료 현장에서 사용하기에 적합하나 신속한 판독이 요구되지 않는다면 대기방식의 전처리가 보다 적합하며 정해진 판독 시점을 지켜야 한다. 또한 치료 부위 등 조사 조건의 변화에 관계없이 안정적인 정확성을 기대할 수 있는 측정 방법에 대한 연구가 향후 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2012

Background: Tobacco cessation would provide the most immediate benefits of tobacco control to prevent tobacco related disease morbidity and mortality. Methods: A tobacco cessation program involving individual and group behavior therapy was implemented in three stages at a worksite. Tobacco quit rates were assessed at the end of each contact session. Results: Out of the 291 tobacco users identified, 224 participated in the tobacco cessation interventions. At the end of three interventions, 38 (17%) users had successfully quit tobacco use. Presence of clinical oral pre-cancer lesion was found to be associated with quitting (p=0.02). Also tobacco users with oral pre-cancer lesions were around three times more likely to quit than those with no lesions (OR= 2.70 95% C.I= 1.20 - 6.05). Conclusion: Cost effective multi-pronged tobacco cessation approaches, inbuilt into other occupational health and welfare activities, are acceptable and feasible to achieve long term sustainable tobacco cessation programs at worksites.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of present study was to determine effects of action observation training on upper limb function after stroke. Training was progressed to imitation and intensive training after observation to required action in ADL. Methods : Among the single case study was used to ABA design. pre base line(A) was only collected participant information without intervention in 5 times. action observation intervention(B) was carried out 10 times and 5 times to base lime(A) after intervention. Results : Results indicated that 10-second test, box and block test, manual function test was increased when compared action observation intervention(B) to pre base line(A). Conclusion : To stroke action observation training was evaluated gross manipulation, dexterity and upper limb function in related with ADL. action observation training benefits were maintained after intervention(B) and showed improvement on upper limb function of stroke.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.646-654
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• 2011

최근 구급차에 탑승하는 응급 구조사의 인원이 턱없이 부족하여 소방관 한 사람만이 구급차에 타고 환자를 이송하는 일이 종종 문제시 되곤 한다. 응급환자가 발생 시 신속하고 정확한 조치가 무엇보다도 필요하며 특히, 환자에게 적합한 의료기기가 있는 전문적인 병원으로 이송해야한다. 본 논문은 스마트 폰을 이용하여 병원 전 단계의 응급의료 시스템을 구현한다. 구현된 시스템은 환자 이송 중에 환자의 심박동을 실시간적으로 모니터링이나, 과거 환자의 병력 정보 등을 파악할 수 있으며, 환자가 필요로 하는 응급 병원 정보도 제공하여 병원 전 단계에서 응급 환자에게 신속하고 효율적인 처치가 가능한 환경을 제공한다.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder follow-up and determine the factors that affect the TMJ bone scan hot spot numerical value (bone scan value), and to compare this value to the diagnosis of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), their treatment options, and the resolution of their symptoms. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 24 patients (four males, 20 females) who received TMD treatment in the Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (Seongnam, Korea) from 2007 to 2014. An analysis of the significance test and correlation between TMD diagnosis, treatment options, a baseline the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) questionnaire, treatment before and after the clinical examination and subjective progress, and TMJ bone scan value change were completed by using SPSS version 12.0. Result: Although only 14 patients had bony factors that caused TMD, the average pre-treatment bone scan value of the all patients was $4.29{\pm}0.31$, which is higher than the finding for osteoarthritis (3.88), and reduced post-treatment bone scan value was found to be without a statistically significant difference (P=0.056). After the treatments, clinical symptoms in 18 patients disappeared, and six patients did not require additional treatment, although they still displayed subjective symptoms. It was observed that the higher the pre-treatment bone scan value, nonspecific physical symptoms, chronic pain index, characteristic pain intensity, disability score, were, the lower the post-treatment bone scan value was. And this reduced post-treatment bone scan value tendency was not shown with the pre-treatment depression index, but there was not a statistical difference. Conclusion: The post-treatment TMJ bone scan value tended to be insignificantly reduced in the 24 patients whose clinical symptoms were improved (P=0.056). Moreover, the TMJ bone scan value showed no relation to the TMD type or its related symptoms.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.4113-4116
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• 2016

Background: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) increases the psychological flexibility of people afflicted with cancer, and consequently improves their adaptability. The present research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of ACT for people afflicted with cancer. Materials and Methods: The present research was of semi-pilot type with a pre-test and post-test plan for the proof group. The demographics of the community were composed of all the women with cancer who were under treatment in Tehran's Dehshpour therapeutic center in 2015. The sample was composed of 24 people who were selected as available and chosen randomly in two groups of test and proof. All the participants responded to Snyder questionnaire in two pre-test and post-test stages, and the test group participated in treatment sessions after conducting the pre-test. Results: After collecting the information, data analysis was conducted in two description and inferential levels. The test results of covariance analysis showed that the two groups' hope was meaningfully different. Hope in the test group, compared to the proof group, increased meaningfully. Conclusions: The results show that the ACT is effective in increasing hope of patients with cancer.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권8호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2017

Purpose: Seasonal influenza can be prevented by vaccination. Disease prevention in children aged <60 months is of particular importance because of the associated familial and societal burden. Considering that caretakers make the decision to vaccinate their children, the identification of drivers and barriers to vaccination is essential to increase influenza vaccination coverage. Methods: A total of 639 parents participated in the pre- and posteducational survey and 450 parents participated in the study via telephone interviews. The participating parents were asked to rank their agreement with each statement of the survey questionnaire on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), and the scores between pre- and postintervention were compared. Results: Before the educational intervention, 105 out of 639 participants reported not to agree to vaccinate their children against influenza. After the intervention, 46 out of the 105 parents changed their opinions about childhood vaccination. The physicians' recommendation received the highest agreement score and was the most important driver to vaccination, whereas the cost of vaccination was the strongest factor for not vaccinating children. In general, the participants significantly changed the agreement scores between pre- and postintervention. However, the unfavorable opinions about vaccination and the convenience of receiving the influenza vaccine did not change significantly. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that a specific educational intervention involving caregivers is very effective in increasing the influenza vaccination coverage of children aged less than 60 months.