• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.81-85
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• 1989

진주조 재배에서 가장 중요한 재배기술의 하나는 파종직후 신속, 균일하게 출아시켜 건강하게 자라도록 해주면서 단위면적당 입모주수를 확보하는데 있다. 본 시험은 진주조의 파종전 침종 및 파종심도가 종자의 휴면타파, 발아 및 출아에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 1985~87년 실시한 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 진주조는 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 발아하지 못하고 11$^{\circ}C$에서 발아가 가능하였다. 휴면이 타파되지 않은 종자가 타파된 종자는 .$H_2O$$_2$ 1% 용액에서 24시간 침종한 후 순수한 맑은 물에 행군 다음, 종자표면에 물기가 없도록 말려서 파종할 때 99~100% 발아하였다. 종실수확 직후 순수한 맑은 물에 휴면중인 종자를 24시간 침종후 파종할 때 38% 밖에 발아되지 않았고 수종 1개월후에도 83% 밖에 발아되지 않았다. 2. 발아최저온도와 일평균기온에 의한 진주조 파종기 상측에서 발아최저온도 12$^{\circ}C$에 도달한 4월 하순~5월 하순이 파종초한기였고 안전한 파종기는 5월 중순이었다. 3. 적습토양조건에서 출아에 적합한 파종심도는 2cm이었으며 건조한 토양건조에서는 4～6cm이었다. 파종심도가 깊을수록 지중경은 길어졌으며 근관도 깊게 위치하였다. 지중경장과 근과깊이는 파종심도와 높은 정의 상관관계에 있으므로 너무 깊게 파종하면 불정근과 분벽발달이 저해됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2006

새포아풀을 선택적으로 방제하기 위한 약제로써의 적용 가능성을 조사하기 위해 bispyribac-sodium의 살초스펙트럼을 통한 새포아풀과 벤트그래스의 살초선택성을 생육기별로 조사하였다. bispyribac-sodium 토양처리에 의한 공시 초종의 방제가는 전체적으로 낮았으나 특이적으로 냉이에 대해서는 90% 이상의 높은 방제가를 나타내었다. bispyribac-sodium 경엽처리는 큰참새피, 그령, 소리쟁이 등 다년생잡초와 벤트그래스를 제외한 공시초종에서 높은 생육억제 효과를 보여 화본과 및 광엽잡초 등 넓은 살초스펙트럼을 가지고 있고 벤트그래스와 새포아풀 간에 선택적인 방제제로써의 적용가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 벤트그래스와 새포아풀의 생육기별 약제반응 차이를 조사한 결과, 벤트그래스는 새포아풀에 비해 모든 생육기별 처리에서 높은 $GR_{50}$ 값을 보여 동일한 약량에서 새포아풀이 벤트그래스보다 bispyribac-sodium에 대하여 감수성을 나타내었다. 특히, 새포아풀과 벤트그래스 간 출수후 처리 28일후 조사에서는 14일 후 조사결과보다 약 2배 높아진 6.8배의 높은 선택성 차이를 보였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.333-341
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test whether pre-operative visual information and parental presence had positive effects on anxiety, delirium, and pain in pediatric patients who awoke from general anesthesia in a post-surgical stage. Methods: This study used a non equivalent control-group post test design (n=76). Independent variables were provision of pre-operative visual information and parental presence for post-surgical pediatric patients in PACU (post anesthesia care unit). Dependent variables were anxiety, delirium, and pain in the pediatric patients measured three times at 10 minute intervals after extubation in the PACU. Measurements included Numerical Rating Scale for assessing state anxiety, Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale by Sikich & Lerman (2004) for delirium, and Objective Pain Scale by Broadman, Rice & Hannallah (1988) for pain. Results: Experimental group showed significantly decreased state anxiety at time points-10, 20, and 30 minutes after extubation. Delirium was significantly lower at 10 minutes and 30 minutes after extubation in the experimental group. Pain was significantly lower at 10 minutes after extubation in the experimental group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that this intervention can be a safe pre-operative nursing intervention for post-surgical pediatric patients at PACU.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2012

Salmonellosis is a widespread bacterial zoonosis that commonly causes enterocolitis and foodborne poisoning leading to an extensive economic loss in domestic animal industry. Considerably, the emergence of multidrug resistant strains of Salmonella spp. induces further severe problems affecting public health. The present report was designated to investigate the antibacterial efficacies of three common disinfectants including an oxidizing compound disinfectant (OXC), a triple salt (TS) and a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) against Salmonella typhimurium subjected to the preliminary changes of drug temperature. All solutions of three disinfectants were pre-incubated at different temperature (22, 37 and $63^{\circ}C$) for 1 h prior to exposure to bacteria. The disinfectants and bacteria were diluted with distilled water (DW), hard water (HW) or organic matter suspension (OMS) according to treatment condition. Under the DW condition, the disinfectant efficacy of the QAC at $63^{\circ}C$ was higher than that of $22^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, under HW diluent the disinfectant efficacy of the TS pre-warmed at both of 37 and $63^{\circ}C$ were increased compared to that of $22^{\circ}C$. Considerably, the efficacy of pre-warmed QAC at both of 37 and $63^{\circ}C$ under the OMS diluent were higher than that of $22^{\circ}C$. Conclusively, prewarming at higher temperatures have positive effects on the stability of the antibacterial efficacies of TS and QAC.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2013

The abnormal seedlings, a common physiological anomalies, emerged during embryo rescue severely restricted grape breeding. To enhance the efficiency of the seedless grape breeding by reducing the production of abnormal seedlings in the course of embryo rescue, we investigated the effects of genotype, media type, embryo style, pre-chilling on the deformity rate of the abnormal seedlings during embryo rescue. The abnormal seedlings were firstly classified into seven categories based on their morphology. Our results indicated that the emergence of abnormal seedlings was highly dependent on the female parent genotype. Polyembryony was advantageous to diminish the number of abnormal plantlets and the germination rate of embryo was 100%. We also found that pre-chilling treatment could reduce the number of abnormal plantlets and promote the embryo germination. The abnormal plantlets were reduced significantly by the addition of $ZnSO_4$ $10{\mu}mol{\cdot}L^{-1}$ or mashed-banana $500mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ to either embryo development or germination media. Transferring the abnormal seedlings onto the suitable fresh media in 4 weeks after embryo germination provided an effective way to transform them into normal seedlings.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.663-684
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• 2016

Conical vortices generated at the corner regions of large-span flat roofs have been investigated by using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique. Mean and instantaneous vector fields for velocity, vorticity, and streamlines were measured at three visual planes and for two different flow angles of $15^{\circ}$. The results indicated that conical vortices occur when the wind is not perpendicular to the front edge. The location of the leading edge corresponding to the negative peak vorticity and maximum turbulent kinetic energy was found at the center of the conical vortex. The wind pressure reaches the maximum near the leading edge roof corner, and a triangle of severe suctions zone appears downstream. The mean pressure in uniform flow is greater than that under turbulent flow condition, while a significant increase in the fluctuating wind pressure occurs in turbulent streams. From its emergence to stability, the shape of the vortex cross-section is nearly elliptical, with increasing area. The angle that forms between the vortex axis and the leading edge is much smaller in turbulent streams. The detailed flow structures and characteristics obtained through FLUENT simulation are in agreement with the experimental results. The three dimensional (3-D) structure of the conical vortices is clearly observed from the comprehensive arrangement of several visual planes, and the inner link was established between the vortex evolution process, vortex core position and pressure distribution.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2024

Traditional manual identification of crop leaf diseases is challenging. Owing to the limitations in manpower and resources, it is challenging to explore crop diseases on a large scale. The emergence of artificial intelligence technologies, particularly the extensive application of deep learning technologies, is expected to overcome these challenges and greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of crop disease identification. Crop leaf disease identification models have been designed and trained using large-scale training data, enabling them to predict different categories of diseases from unlabeled crop leaves. However, these models, which possess strong feature representation capabilities, require substantial training data, and there is often a shortage of such datasets in practical farming scenarios. To address this issue and improve the feature learning abilities of models, this study proposes a deep transfer learning adaptation strategy. The novel proposed method aims to transfer the weights and parameters from pre-trained models in similar large-scale training datasets, such as ImageNet. ImageNet pre-trained weights are adopted and fine-tuned with the features of crop leaf diseases to improve prediction ability. In this study, we collected 16,060 crop leaf disease images, spanning 12 categories, for training. The experimental results demonstrate that an impressive accuracy of 98% is achieved using the proposed method on the transferred ResNet-50 model, thereby confirming the effectiveness of our transfer learning approach.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2015

본 시험은 사료용 수수${\times}$수단그라스 교잡종의 파종방법 및 제초제 종류에 따른 약해 및 생산성을 비교하여 안전 재배기술을 개발하고자 국립축산과학원 초지사료과 시험포장에서 수행하였다. 제초제 종류별 수수${\times}$수단그라스 교잡종의 in vitro 조건에서 발아율 분석결과 control > simazine > methaventhiazuron > alachlor 순으로 나타났으며 alachlor 처리시 shoot의 길이는 1~1.3 cm 범위로 무처리 4.37 cm와 비교했을 때 약 1/4배 정도로 짧은 것으로 나타났으며 root는 발생되지 않은 것으로 보아 alachlor는 shoot 보다 root에 약해를 더 심하게 주는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 포장시험에서 제초제 종류에 따른 약해는 in vitro 시험과 마찬가지로 alachlor에서 가장 심하게 나타났으며 파종방법에서는 조파가 약해를 더 적게 받는 것으로 나타났다. 잔주수의 경우 alachlor와 simazine + alachlor에서 적었으며 제초제 처리시 파종방법에 따라 조파의 경우보다 산파에서 alachlor와 simazine + alachlor 처리에 따른 잔주수 감소가 더 크게 나타났다. 건물수량의 경우 제초제 종류별로 보면 조파의 경우 simazine과 methabenzthiazuron에서 각각 무처리 대비 101%와 99%의 수량을 보였고 alachlor와 simazine + alachlor에서는 각각 무처리 대비 32%와 56%였다. 산파의 경우 simazine과 methabenzthiazuron에서 각각 무처리 대비 89%와 84%의 수량을 보였고 alachlor와 simazine + alachlor에서는 각각 무처리 대비 13%와 29%로 나타났으며, alachlor 보다 simazine과 methabenzthiazuron이 건물수량 감소가 적었으며 제초제 처리시 산파보다 조파가 alachlor에 대한 약해를 덜 받는 것으로 나타났다. TDN 수량 역시 건물수량과 비슷한 경향을 보였으며 alachlor와 simazine + alachlor 모두에서 TDN 수량이 가장 낮게 나왔으며 제초제 처리시 산파보다는 조파의 경우가 제초제 시용에 따른 수량감소가 적은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.521-528
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• 2004

The demise of the native franchise markets and the emergence of competitive markets in electricity generation service is substantially altering the way that operation and planning activity is conducted and is making it increasingly difficult for market participants such as generation firms to prospect the future electricity markets. Traditional generation expansion planning (GEP) problems which centrally determine the least-cost capacity addition plan that meets forecasted demand within pre-specified reliability criteria over a planning horizon (typically 10 to 20 years) is becoming no more valid in competitive market environments. Therefore, it requires to develop a new methodology for generation investments, which is applicable to the changed electric industry business environments and is able to address the post-privatization situation where individual generation firms seek to maximize their return on generation investments against uncertain market revenues. This paper formulates a new generation expansion planning problem and solve it in a market-oriented manner.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.216-244
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• 2014

This paper empirically establishes the role played by the ecosystem related parameters in the emergence and growth of high technology start-up clusters in India. It is mainly based on secondary data from six major start-up hubs in India during the period 2005-2013. Our results throw up several interesting findings. First of all, we find that traditional infrastructure related factors or robust macroeconomic situation in general are not the most important drivers. What really seem to matter are the specific start-up ecosystem related factors - such as the Internet penetration, volume of deal flow, availability of VC funding and a pre-existing critical mass of relevant high technology businesses and skill-sets. Above all, our study points out that high economic growth alone will not automatically lead to spillovers in the form of a vibrant start-up ecosystem. Rather it has to be a product of conscious and concerted policy efforts at all levels that directly address the main challenges faced by the early-stage start-ups.