• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.175-193
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• 2018

This study identified the rate of income poverty and multidimensional poverty, correlation between income poverty and multidimensional poverty, and adjusted multidimensional poverty rate. We also analyzed the factors that affected the number of poverty dimension and the probability of belonging to the poor or not in 3,159 elderly households including 474 poor households and 2,685 middle class households. First, in poor households, the employment poverty rate was the highest and the housing poverty rate was the lowest. In middle class households, the relation poverty rate was the highest and the employment poverty rate was the lowest. Second, in poor households, correlation between asset poverty and relation poverty had the highest coefficient of .205 and asset poverty and housing poverty had the lowest coefficient of .149. In middle class households, the correlation between income poverty and relation poverty had highest coefficient of -.290 and employment poverty and relation poverty had the lowest coefficient of .038. Third, in poor households, the number of average poverty dimension was 4.30, but the number of average poverty dimensions of middle class households was 2.310. Fourth, the variable affecting the number of poverty dimensions in poor households were gender, age, level of education, marital status; however, the significant variables were gender, education level, marital status, income poverty in the middle class households. The variable that affected the probability of belonging to the poor or not in poor households was age. However, the significant variables were gender, education level, marital status, residence, and income poverty in middle class households.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.243-269
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• 2023

The multidimensional poverty index is an indicator system established for defining and evaluating poverty, to understand poverty in dimensions beyond just monetary scarcity. Based on income, education, health, living standards, and social dimensions, this article measures and analyzes the level of multidimensional poverty in Xinjiang using the AlkireFoster method, with cross-sectional data obtained from a 2022 survey. Probit model is constructed for regression analysis, further considering the impact of education on enhancing feasible capabilities and alleviating multidimensional poverty at the post-poverty alleviation era. The data shows that many people still face significant challenges from the perspective of multidimensional poverty; the decomposition results of each dimension show that education contributes more to the multidimensional poverty; the regression analysis results show that the higher the education level, the lower the multidimensional poverty; heterogeneity analysis revealed that the inhibitory effect of education on multidimensional poverty is greater for females than males, and the poverty reduction effect of education mainly concentrates on middle-aged and older individuals. This article is meaningful for exploring strategies to alleviate multidimensional poverty in ethnic minority regions in frontier areas in the new era, accelerating regional economic development, and achieving shared prosperity.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.471-484
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• 2021

The characteristics of poverty can be comprehensively revealed from the two angles of income and multidimensional. This paper compares China's rural income poverty measure with multidimensional poverty index using data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) by focusing on the static and dynamic disparities, and analyzes the factors influencing poverty through the Logit model. The results show that there exists a substantial mismatch in who is deemed poor, 60 percent of multidimensional poverty households are not considered poor in terms of income poverty, and 70 percent of income poverty households are not considered poor in terms of multidimensional poverty; There is a high level of disparity between the dynamics of the two measures of poverty. Among those who rose in the income dimension, only about 7 percent also rose in the multidimensional measure from 2016 to 2018.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1995

Absolute poverty is redefined as biological existence level poverty and relative poverty is also redefinded as 'the state that relatively insufficient compared to the specific society's average living standard under the condition that basic needs on the biological existence level has been satisfied.' Then absolute poverty and relative poverty lies on the same welfare continuum. Therefore these two can be regarded as one unified concept. Theoretical bottom line of poverty is the biological existence level and ceiling is average income. Poverty line for the social policy is to be drawn between ceiling and floor. Using these standard lines three poverty bands are categorized : minimum subsistence level, minimum decency level.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.51-71
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• 2019

This study analyzed the poverty rate by poverty dimension, correlation between multidimensional poverty, variables that affected the number of poverty dimension and the probability of the poor or not. The sample consisted of 6,361 elderly households (1,561 baby boom birth cohort, 1,793 post-liberation birth cohort, 3,007 Japanese colonial period birth cohort) taken from the $12^{th}$ Korean Welfare Panel Study. First, the highest poverty rate among the baby boom birth cohort was 62.8% of employment poverty. The highest rate among the post-liberation birth cohort and Japanese colonial period birth cohort, was 82.5%, 92.3% of health poverty, respectively. Second, the highest coefficient in the baby boom birth cohort was .354 for asset poverty and relation poverty. In the remaining two cohorts, the coefficient for asset poverty and relation poverty was the highest at .268, .284, respectively. Third, the average number of poverty dimensions was 2.318 of the baby boom birth cohort, 2.921 of the post-liberation birth cohort, 3.564 of the poverty in the Japanese colonial period birth cohort. Also, the poverty rate for each cohort was 20.179%, 28.779%, and 50.083%, respectively. Fourth, the significant variables in all cohorts were gender, education, marital status, residence, and equalized ordinary income for the multiple regression analysis on the number of poverty dimensions. Additionally, age of the post-liberation birth cohort was significant, age and family numbers of the Japanese colonial period birth cohort were significant. Significant variables in logistic analysis on the probability of poverty or not were the same as those of regression analysis.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate factors that affect elderly poverty based on a comprehensive and universal perspective, suggesting some alternatives for improving the poverty rate of the elderly. The comprehensive and universal approach to the poverty of the aged that this study attempts can give a better understanding of the elderly poverty beyond the contribution of the existing literature, with the research model including individual, family, labor, and income factors as the causes of old-age poverty from the comprehensive and universal perspective on the causes of poverty of the elderly. In addition, the study attempts to input variants of variables into the equation for the causes of elderly poverty by using panel data from the 8th Korean Retirement and Income Study. This study employs decision tree analysis to determine the cause of the poverty of the elderly using CHAID. The decision tree analysis shows that the most vital variable affecting elderly poverty is making income. For the poor elderly without earned income, public pensions, educational careers, and residential areas influence elderly poverty, but for the poor elderly with earned income, wage earners and gender are variables that affect poverty. This study suggests some alternatives to improve the poverty rate of the aged. The government should create a better working environment such as senior re-employment for old people to be able to participate in economic activities, improve public pension or social security for workers with unfavorable conditions for public security of old age, and give companies that create employment of the aged diverse incentives.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.187-201
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 전체가구, 노인가구, 1인가구의 에너지 빈곤구조의 동태적 변화를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 TIP 곡선을 도출하였으며 에너지 빈곤강도와 빈곤수준의 변화에 집중하였다. 자료는 통계청 가계동향조사의 연료비에 대한 연간자료와 분기자료를 이용하였는데, 4개 분기 중 난방비의 비중이 높아 에너지 빈곤 문제가 두드러질 수 있는 1분기 자료를 이용한 결과를 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 전체 가구를 대상으로 한 분석에서는 시간이 지남에 따른 빈곤강도와 빈곤수준의 개선이 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 노인가구와 1인가구를 대상으로 한 분석에서는 시간이 지남에 따라 빈곤강도와 빈곤수준의 개선이 나타났다. 특히, 1분기 자료를 이용한 분석 결과에서 노인가구와 1인가구의 빈곤강도와 빈곤수준이 뚜렷하게 개선되었다. 전체가구에 비해 노인가구와 1인가구의 빈곤강도와 빈곤수준이 크게 나타났으며, 노인가구 보다 1인가구의 에너지 빈곤이 더 심각한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.351-374
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• 2005

본 연구는 한국노동패널조사, 1998-2003 자료를 이용하여 빈곤지속기간과 이에 관련된 요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 발견에 따르면 우리나라에서는 빈곤에 진입한 사람들의 4분의 3 정도가 2년 안에 빈곤을 탈피하는 정도로 매우 활발한 빈곤탈출양상이 나타난다. 그러나 한 시점에서의 빈곤층을 볼 경우에는 장기빈곤층이 무시할 수 없는 비중을 차지한다. 5년 이상의 장기 빈곤층이 전체 빈곤층의 50%를 차지하며 10년 이상의 최장기 빈곤층도 25%를 넘어선다. 반복빈곤을 분석에 포함하는 경우 장기빈곤층의 비중은 더욱 증가한다. 장기빈곤층의 대표적 집단은 노인가구이다. 장기빈곤의 경향이 강한 다음 집단은 비노인 여성가구주 가구이다. 90년대 후반 경제위기 이래로 근로빈곤층의 증가가 커다란 사회적 관심의 대상이 되었지만 이들의 주력을 차지하는 비노인 남성가구주 가구의 대다수는 일시적으로 빈곤을 경험하는 단기빈곤층인 것으로 보인다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.57-78
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• 2004

외환위기와 함께 본격적으로 등장한 빈곤문제가 위기의 진정에도 불구하고 위기 이전 수준으로 대폭 감소되지 않을까? 본 연구는 가구소비실태조사 자료를 이용한 1990년대 이후 빈곤추이 분석을 통해 이러한 물음에 답한다. 1990년대 전반기는 급속한 빈곤 감소를 특징으로 한다. 이 시기의 빈곤 감소에는 경제성장이 결정적인 요인으로 작용하였고 소득불평등도의 완화 또한 영향을 미쳤다. 1990년 후반에는 빈곤율이 크게 높아졌다. 경제성장의 침체로 소득수준은 감소하거나 정체상태에 머무른 한편, 소득불평등도가 증대되고 빈곤취약가구가 증가하는 인구학적 변화가 일어나 빈곤 증대를 초래하였다. 이러한 추이에는 주로는 경제활동을 수행하는 성인의 소득격차 확대가, 부차적으로는 노인가구의 증대가 영향을 미쳤다. 절대빈곤의 추이에서는 경제성장의 영향이 주로 부각되고, 상대빈곤의 추이에서는 분배구조 변화의 역할이 크게 나타난다. 준절대빈곤의 경우 1990년대 전반부에는 경제성장으로 상당한 빈곤감소가 발생하고 후반부에는 소득불평등 악화와 경제성장 정체로 빈곤증가가 이루어진 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.183-206
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• 2013

본 연구는 한국노동패널 1~11차년도 자료를 이용하여 가구특성별로 빈곤가구의 빈곤지속기간을 실증 분석하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 이산시간위험률모형을 통해 빈곤탈피율과 빈곤재진입률을 추정하고 이들 확률을 결합하여 빈곤진입 이후의 빈곤지속기간을 추산하였다. 연구결과 빈곤진입가구의 절반가량은 1~2년의 단기빈곤층, 1/4정도는 5년 이상의 장기빈곤층, 나머지 1/4은 3~4년의 중기 또는 반복 빈곤층으로 분류되었다. 가구특성에 따라 빈곤지속기간에는 큰 차이가 나타나는데, 여성가구주가구, 노인가구, 가구주 교육수준이 낮은 가구, 배우자 없는 가구, 가구주나 가구원이 미취업이거나 임시/일용직에 종사하는 가구에서 장기빈곤층의 비중이 높았다. 이와 같은 결과는 빈곤층이 다양한 집단으로 구성되어 있으며, 이들의 특성을 보다 구체적으로 파악하여 각각에 알맞은 빈곤정책을 수립하여야 함을 시사한다.