• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.61-80
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• 2013

In this paper, we study ${\alpha}$-completely positive maps between locally $C^*$-algebras. As a generalization of a completely positive map, an ${\alpha}$-completely positive map produces a Krein space with indefinite metric, which is useful for the study of massless or gauge fields. We construct a KSGNS type representation associated to an ${\alpha}$-completely positive map of a locally $C^*$-algebra on a Krein locally $C^*$-module. Using this construction, we establish the Radon-Nikod$\acute{y}$m type theorem for ${\alpha}$-completely positive maps on locally $C^*$-algebras. As an application, we study an extremal problem in the partially ordered cone of ${\alpha}$-completely positive maps on a locally $C^*$-algebra.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.341-352
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• 2019

Recently, as cultural projects are being carried out in various ways, the interest in the space where culture and arts can be provided is also increasing. Therefore, this study selected and analyzed F1963 in Busan. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of brand asset factors of brand image, brand awareness, brand asset awareness, and loyalty on customer satisfaction and community development of brand asset in complex cultural space and to examine whether customer satisfaction has a mediating effect on the relationship between brand asset in complex cultural space and community development. As a result of the analysis, brand asset of complex cultural space had a positive effect on the satisfaction of users. Also, brand asset of complex cultural space has a positive effect on community development. The satisfaction that users get from the complex cultural space has a mediating effect on the influence of brand asset of the complex cultural space itself on the community development. The implications of this study suggest that complex cultural space plays an important role in the region, and it is necessary for local communities and local governments to brand complex cultural space through diversity of cultural and artistic activities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.3-10
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• 2012

In recent times, education facilities for children have focused on the importance of the "living environment" of children. This is because children have a more sensitive response than adults in their lives. All of the field activities, body movement, and play they go through in their living environment exhibit a great educational effect while promoting their emotional, physical, and mental development; therefore, these are the main priority factors in planning an education facility for children. A space may be deemed to be created by the relationship between objects and the people who perceive them. Also, space cognition may be defined to be made of the perception of a space, integration with experience, and restructuring. Physical factors and visual factors, which are the basic factors composing a space, either play their roles as independent variables in a space or form a relationship through a combination between the factors; thereby, diverse types of space experiences may be created. Space experience may be realized through the "movements" of a user, and a user selectively experiences a space through his/her voluntary movements, while experiencing the space against their will through flexible movements. In particular, space experience through movements has an effect on children in terms of making them feel like having daily exploration, and it also has a positive effect on education. A movement space in which "movements" appear most strongly in an education facility for children connects various nearby spaces, and it also portrays a transfer role. Furthermore, in this space, a variety of space changes can be found; thereby, children are able to have diverse selective space experiences.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.120-130
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to propose cognitive ecological effects of fractal patterns in space design. This study investigated the perception and cognition problems regarding landscape patterns showing fractal properties from the cognitive perspective instead of the traditional speculative approach. In particular, the researcher has verified that fractal geometry theory and fractal pattern concept provide insight in space aesthetic values and cognitive effects. Research results are as follows. First, most environmentally-friendly fractal urban forms provide cognitive connectivity. In particular, this space provides a positive emotional response and preference to humans and displays self-organized complexity. This study found that such complexity of space form has characteristics corresponding to parallel cognitive structures of the human brain. Simultaneously, the researcher suggests that the fractal landscape pattern is an alternative for stiff and homogenized modern space. Second, fractal patterns provide hierarchical connectivity within the brain through continuous difference and repetition. In particular, self-similarities of fractal patterns administer significant visual grouping and coherence in human perception. It can be determined whether scaling coherence facilitates easier organization in cognitive organization. Third, fractal patterns in space design provide the basic method for achieving the connection between concept, construction, and urban factors. As a result, the researcher has suggested that scale distribution of geometrical factors, such as fractal patterns, an be a design method to connect various space typologies.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.331-338
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• 2007

In the aspects of the globalization and localization, it is crucial to determine 'Urban selling point', which explains how to make an image: in order to acquire city identity based on the cultural and historical understanding for the Positive city image. The Purpose of this study is to investigate the possible role of the public space as a tool of the city marketing strategy, as well as to realize the cultural city identity through the design of the public space by studying cases which promote the value of life for both of the city and the citizens. Two methodologies are utilized for this study; First, he value in realizing cultural identity is examined through the city identity related to the city marketing and theoretical review of city amenity; second, the several domestic and international cases of cultural planning in culture-accumulated public space are selected and analyzed to map out new strategies from the perspective of place strategy, cultural strategy, and marketing strategy. The results from this study are as follows; first, the culture-accumulated public space through the formation of culture has its own characterized meaning, which has the significant value for the city representative image; second, when planning the culture-accumulated public space, it is important to select not only the appropriate image strategy but the adequate type of the public space for the city planning.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2011

In order to explain the U-shaped pattern of autocorrelations of stock returns i.e., autocorrelations starting around 0 for short-term horizons and becoming negative and then moving toward 0 for long-term horizons, researchers suggested the use of a state-space model consisting of an I(1) permanent component and an AR(1) stationary component, where the two components are assumed to be independent. They concluded that auto-regression coefficients derived from the state-space model follow a U-shape pattern and thus there is mean-reversion in stock prices. In this paper, we show that only negative autocorrelations are feasible under the assumption that the permanent component and the stationary component are independent in the state-space model. When the two components are allowed to be correlated in the state-space model, we show that the sign of the auto-regression coefficients is not restricted as negative. Monthly return data for all NYSE stocks for the period from 1926 to 2007 support the state-space model with correlated noise processes. However, the auto-regression coefficients of the ARIMA process, equivalent to the state-space model with correlated noise processes, do not follow a U-shaped pattern, but are always positive.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to think about the educational effect of school space innovation project through user participation, to investigate and analyze the actual situation of user participation school space innovation project of elementary, middle and high schools of Incheon Metropolitan Office of Education, The educational effect was analyzed. After the students and teachers participated in the improvement of the school space, the students' skills were improved. Overall, emotional abilities were most cultivated, and elementary school students were most physically cultivated. The intimacy created by participation and activities and play-oriented projects may have helped to develop students' abilities. In addition, the school became fun after user participation, and there was a positive effect of increasing a sense of apathy and belonging. The expansion of user participation has resulted in not only the satisfaction of space but also the friendship and emotional part of students. As a result of this study, the school space constructed through the user participation process brought about significant educational changes in school life and individual quality of life in the learning activities and school life of teachers and students, the main users of the school space.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.1241-1257
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• 2014

We consider a class of hypoelliptic operators of the following type $$L=\sum_{i,j=1}^{p_0}a_{ij}{\partial}^2_{x_ix_j}+\sum_{i,j=1}^{N}b_{ij}x_i{\partial}_{x_j}-{\partial}_t$$, where ($a_{ij}$), ($b_{ij}$) are constant matrices and ($a_{ij}$) is symmetric positive definite on $\mathbb{R}^{p_0}$ ($p_0{\leqslant}N$). By establishing global Morrey estimates of singular integral on the homogenous space and the relation between Morrey space and weak Morrey space, we obtain the global weak Morrey estimates of the operator L on the whole space $\mathbb{R}^{N+1}$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.22 no.1_2
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• pp.569-575
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• 2006

In this paper, we define the positive and negative limit sets in the hemicompact space and establish their dynamical properties.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.225-234
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• 2017

This study was conducted with male/female teenagers to examine the interaction between their attachment to social media and their self-identity in both real space and cyberspace. Among the subjects, male teenagers tended to use social media more than female teenagers. Also, the more friends/followers they have, the more they would use the service itself. In the subordinate correlation of the subjects' self-identity in both cyberspace and real space, most areas showed positive correlation. And each subregion of the areas of real-space ego-identity and social media addiction showed positive correlation with them as well. On the other hand, in areas of social media addiction and cyberspace ego-identity, all areas showed negative correlation except the area of dominance. Through this experiment, it was proven apparent that there needs to be proper management of teenagers that are overusing and are addicted to social media, and that programs should be developed to mediate the subjects in regards to each subregion of real space and cyberspace ego-identity.