• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.8-13
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• 2003

This paper considers a continuous-review two-echelon inventory control problem with one-to-one replenishment policy incorporated and with lost sales allowed where demand arrives In a stationary Poisson process The problem Is formulated using METRIC-approximation in a combined approach of pricing and (S-1.S) Inventory policy, for which an iterative solution algorithm is derived with respect to the corresponding one-warehouse multi-retailor supply chain. Specifically, decisions on retail pricing and warehouse inventory policies are made in integration to maximize total profit in the supply chain. The objective function of the model consists of sub-functions of revenue and cost (holding cost and penalty cost). To test the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm, numerical experiments are performed The computational results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and derives quite good decisions

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.379-381
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• 2019

Korea's healthcare is in great danger of sustainability. In 2020, the baby boomer will begin to be older, and there is no promise that the total fertility rate of 1.0 or less will rebound, and Korea's economic growth rate is predicted to be less than 2%. Together with these phenomena, Plan for Benefit Expansion in Nation Health Insurance (Moon Jae-in Care) will seriously threaten the sustainability of health insurance finance. In addition, health care in Korea has many problems: excessive medical utilization, rapidly increasing elderly medical costs, concentrating patients into big hospitals, low healthcare personnel but many healthcare facilities and equipment, bad quality of primary and mental care, and fast-growing health expenditure. For sustainability, healthcare of Korea should be reformed. The direction of the reform is people-centered and integrated healthcare in the community which is composed of empowering and engaging people, strengthening governance and accountability, reorienting the model of care, coordinating services, and creating an enabling environment.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-3
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• 2019

Suicide is a major problem in Korean health care and a serious social problem. In Korea, 12,463 people (24.3 per 100,000) lost their lives due to suicide in 2017. Although the government has established three National Comprehensive Plan of Suicide Prevention (2004, 2009, 2016), and National Action Plan of Suicide Prevention (2018), the suicide rate is still high. The suicide rate of the elderly is especially high. This is due to the economic vulnerability of the elderly in Korea. Therefore, in order to prevent suicide in Korea, mental health care approach and social welfare approach should be integrated. The intervention of preventing suicide of suicide attempters should include social welfare services as well as mental health program and should be based on community. There are many health problems, including prevention of suicide, which can not be solved only by the efforts of health care. Many health problems are social problems and the integrated approach is needed to solve them. In order to solve many health care problems and improve health, integrated approach of health, social science, and humanities is needed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 1994

The goal of impact studies (e.g., as mandated by NEPA in the USA) is to ensure that the full implications of development proposals (ecologic, economic, and social) are taken into account before decisions are made and projects are allowed to proceed. In other words, the aim is to ensure that impact assessment is integrated into planning and policy processes. Today. nearly 25 years after the enactment of NEPA, it is appropriate to inquire regarding the extent of progress toward such integration. This paper examines the role of impact assessment in planning and policy processes with specific reference to resource development projects in the Great Plains region of the USA. The author gives special attention to the socioeconomic impacts associated with energy resource extraction and conversion projects and the role of impact assessment in project evaluation, in local and regional planning, and in state policy development.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.14-26
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• 2013

The $1^{st}$ National Plan for Aging Society with Low Fertility, which the Korean government announced in 2006, caused the gradual increase of R&D investment in order to prepare for an aging society in Korea. This study explores if the directions and strategies of R&D projects related to aging are suitable to improve the quality of life for elderly people and establish a sustainable aging society by analyzing the features of R&D investment from 2004 to 2010. The results show that most R&D projects conducted by departments focus on the development of assistive devices for the elderly to support everyday lives. The Korean government's R&D policy to prepare for an aging society is based on the narrow interpretation of Quality of Life (QoL) in an aging society that tries to resolve the socioeconomic problems of the elderly; however, the policies have ignored the independence of active elderly individuals and the social integration of the young and elderly generations. The research shows that a paradigm shift is required from a 'Senior' to 'Aging Society' because almost 1/3 of the Korean population is over 65 years old and the expansion of the research embraces from assistive technologies for the elderly to the design of social infrastructure such as transportation, education and work.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.39-66
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• 2022

Modern Bulgarian nationalists aspired towards incorporating the self-identified Bulgarian lands into the Bulgarian state. The Treaty of San Stefano ending the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 tantalizingly achieved these so-called national ideals. Great Power diplomacy quickly diminished Bulgaria's borders and international legal status with the 1878 Treaty of Berlin, exacerbating nationalist grievances. Bulgaria would expand vast resources to restore the San Stefano borders until Balkan Communist authoritarian regimes eventually suppressed the Macedonian issue as a foreign policy subject. Sofia's policy towards its neighbor has been overdetermined by the efforts of successive Bulgarian governments to institutionalize post-communist Bulgaria's own national identity. Bulgaria's integration into so-called Euro-Atlantic structures, i.e., NATO and the EU, had been the primary strategic objective of the Bulgarian authorities since the end of the Zhivkov regime. North Atlantic community security policy aims in response to the earliest post-Cold War foreign policy crises in the Western Balkans framed the parameters of Bulgarian diplomacy. The stabilization of FYROM in 2001, followed by Bulgaria's 2007 EU accession, led to Bulgarian nationalist values become more salient in Bulgarian politics and foreign policy. Sofia-Skopje relations are a test case for the effects of Europeanization on interdependent Balkan ethno-sectarian nationalisms and state territorial institutional development.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.179-187
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• 2016

Many research works have been done in the field of the relationship between regulations and business activities. In general, the relationship is negative, so government took a regulation relaxation policy for some period. However, recently, the better regulation concept is more emphasized than the regulation relaxation. In particular, as the new industry comes to appear, we need to analyze the effect of regulations in the new industry to the business activities, and set up the regulation advancement policy. In this paper, the effect of regulations in the new industry on business activities and performance was analyzed and implications for better regulation policy was derived. According to the results, the effect was different according to the firm's size and the degree of integration in R&D. Therefore we need some consideration of the firm's size and the degree of integration in R&D for establishing the regulatory policies.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2009

In this paper, Switching to digital TV broadcasting and mobile operators license expiration period of the frequency, time and 700MHz, 800MHz and 900MHz frequency band plan for the redistribution is actively being discussed. Redistribution policy direction of these frequency 800MHz (bandwidth 10MHz) integrated command frequency for wireless networks(i.e TETRA) is expected to be considered a redistribution. These Integrated Wireless Network Infrastructure configurations at the time and data communication capabilities of the system unwilling TETRA Release 2 standard for the system is presented. This system is analyzed that Release 1 of the existing system takes up more than 6 times the increase of frequency bands. Therefore, integration of the frequency band assigned to the command of a wireless network with the introduction of advanced systems will not be able to do. In this paper to the digital TV transition, and the policy based on analysis of trends in the 700MHz band for the integration of wireless networks, provides policy direction for the allocation plan.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.291-311
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• 2011

The modern ports have become multi-functionalized and network-centralized over time. Recently the development of industry in the land behind the port area has become very important for port itself. Furthermore, the port functions as a finance center and an integrated function of the main bank of the world. It will be necessary for Inchon port to pursue the policy for building itself as a hub center for logistics integration and building network in the region of Northern-East Asia and Seoul Capital City area in order for Inchon port to support and develop various industries through utilizing each aspect of the industrial complex in these areas. By doing this, it will act as a policy for strengthening competiveness for Inchon port. The sharp increase of cargo movement from rapidly developing Industries in China will become a good opportunity for strengthening the competitiveness of Inchon port. However, considering the characteristics of the ports competitiveness, this policy must quickly overcome the difficulties of Inchon port.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.21-40
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• 2015

Heat waves are not new, but due to climate change, the probability of occurrence and severity of heat waves increases, which results in more adverse impacts and damages on local community. Accordingly, the need to tackle heat waves in a more comprehensive and precautionary manner increases. Our study therefore lays emphasis on 1) a long-term plan which not only includes short-term plans in response to the observed damages, but also incorporates relevant sectors to deal with potential impacts in longer term perspective; and 2) a mechanism to manage and adjust the plan in a sustainable manner. In doing so, it examines the impacts of heatwaves and existing plans to tackle them. Based on that, two key conceptual frameworks, namely policy integration and adaptive management, are applied to provide strategies for the development and management of a long-term adapting heatwave plan addressing climate change.