• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.837-855
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• 2019

The need of development of police officers' uniforms for the summer season has increased due to rises in temperature. This research developed a t-shirt typed of police officer's uniform for summer weather. We analyzed the design cases of national and international police officers' uniforms, similar types of uniforms, and t-shirts for summer weather. The satisfaction with current uniforms and preferences for these types of uniforms were surveyed with 1,062 police officers and public participants. Designs were developed and design opinions were surveyed with 1,011 public volunteers. A total of 584 police officers wore developed prototypes for two weeks, and surveys were conducted with 328 police officers to reflect the final design results. More than 80% of police officers have very satisfied or satisfied opinions of the developed designs. The study is expected to enhance police officers' satisfaction with the developed uniforms for summer weather.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.117-130
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• 2001

The purpose of this research focuses mainly on the establishment of: the image of the police that can be adopted to meet the demands of reality through the development of the design of policewomen's uniform in the times that require reestablishment of the image of the police; the image of the police that is appropriate for the organic structure of the society; and the image of the police that cooperate with the citizens. For background research I have considered the police and their uniforms from a theoretical point of view and have examined the process by which Korean policewomen's uniforms have changed. Actual research was carried out policewomen of Seoul Regional Police Station, was conducted and the results were utilized to figure out what the problem was. This research suggests an improvement measure by making four suits of summer and spring-and-autumn work-uniforms, and six suits of spring-andautumn and winter full-dress uniform. First the colors of work-uniforms and full-dress uniforms are not blue, which incites a feeling of coldness and stiffness, but are colors that are feminine and emit warmth---red, ivory, khaki, black, and beige. second pure, natural fiber is difficult to wash and is not an appropriate material for policewomen's uniforms when considering its cost and etc., fabrics that are a mix of synthetic fiber and natural fiber were chosen. Because mixed fabrics are cheaper and their ability to maintain shape is superior to that of natural fiber, mixed fabric is an appropriate material for policewomen's uniforms. third the feminine image of policewomen was considered; therefore, masculine image, which is rigid and strong, was avoided and the image was expressed in a serene and beautiful way. Also slim line was added to the current uniforms to emphasize feminine beauty. The conclusion of this study is that police officers in the 21st century want to be seen as the citizens cane and benevolent volunteers that live together with the citizens, not as suppressive and powerful people.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.665-676
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• 2019

This study provides basic data for future design proposals aimed at improving the uniforms and bullet/stab proof garments of local police. An analysis was conducted on various aspects of the uniforms used until 2015 and those newly introduced in 2016. Current bullet/stab proof garments were compared with old stab proof garments; in addition, police force posting on the internal SNS were analyzed in regards to the improvement needs for uniforms. Analyses results are as follows. As for the uniforms, convenience was improved by eliminating the necktie, and the four trigrams embroidery was added to emphasize the Korean identity. Cargo-style pants were added for enhanced activity, and the color of the top was changed to turquoise to improve discrimination. In terms of material, durable polyester was used heavily in outside uniforms that were likely to be damaged during work; consequently, the percentage of elastic materials was increased for improved activity. The price showed a high increase rate due to inflation and the use of functional new materials. Complaints and demands for improvement continued despite various modifications made to uniforms and suggested a strong need for further improvements that reflected the opinions of wearers. As for the protective garments, there was a limit to reducing the final weight despite the use of lightweight material because of protection performance enhancements made from expanding the protection surface area. Also, considering further decrease in supply rate, it was deemed necessary to secure budget for full supply of bullet/stab proof garments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.77-92
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• 2011

Public uniforms play an important role in creating the color and image of urban environment beyond the level of simple working clothes for unity and practicality. Hence this study aims to compare and analyze the color characteristics and images of the police officer, fire fighter, and street cleaner uniforms at home and abroad to guarantee the wearer's safety, increase convenience and agreeability, and give emotional satisfaction to citizens in harmony with urban environment color as public uniforms. For study methods, literature review investigated urban environment, color, and uniforms as public design. Empirical study extracted color data from the public worker uniforms of the world's top 20 cities selected by 'Newsweek' in 2010 and analyzed their colors, tones, and color images. The results of this study are as follows. The most common color for police uniforms were PB(dk) as the main color, PB(p) as the sub color, and Wh as the accent color. For fire fighter uniforms, PB(dkg) was the most common main color; GY(v), as the sub color; and ItGy, as the accent color. The most common color for street cleaner uniforms was YR(v) as the main color; GY(v), as the sub color; and mGy, as the accent color. As a result of analyzing color images of these uniforms, it was found that police uniforms commonly used a modern image; fire fighter uniforms commonly used a natural image and a cool casual image; and street cleaner uniforms commonly used a casual image. As examined above, the color of public uniforms suitable for urban environment and job characteristics is very important to establish the image of public institutions, as well as to create an urban image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.7
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• pp.13-30
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• 2008

Visual language is 'a form of communication without text'. Visual language is one of the strongest methods to spread knowledge. Uniforms could be interpreted as a symbolic language that establishes order in this complicated modern society by placing identity and responsibility on each members of various different organizations. In light of the above, the purpose of this research paper will be to analyze police uniforms of U.S.A, Great Britain, Italy, France and Korea as a form of visual language and interpreting them in terms of visual design in order to understand the fundamental ideas behind the designs and the effective applications thereof. Upon analysis of traffic police uniforms of each individual county mentioned above by separating each uniform's distinctive design, pattern, color, material and decoration based on visual factor, three characteristics of authority, dynamic functionality and friendliness were derived from comparing and analyzing each country's distinctive uniform design. The traditional unique role of police in our society was to maintain social order as their nature inherently possesses characteristic of authority and preservation, but has since undergone transition in many countries to appeal to the broader public by incorporating friendliness and dynamic functionality. Analyzing police uniforms in terms of visual linguistic sense requires a much more profound process of understanding beyond simple interpretation of configurative shapes. In conclusion, the true purpose of uniforms is to include and portray images of mankind's desire toward expressing ideas like 'mankind's bias toward existence beyond theirselves and the exercise of force through authority' and materializing such ideas into a physical form.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.31-44
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine introduction and establishment of the police uniform during Japan's early Meiji period, in order to get deeper understanding of the introduction of the modern uniform. The research method included a literature review of laws related to police uniform, which were collected and analyzed. The result shows that the uniform stipulated by Keisi-cho Uniform regulation in 1874 included characteristics of Western uniforms that show the rank of the officers using emblems, such as different cap badges and uniform stripes, while maintaining the same form. Later, the modern uniform system came into form with the addition of a national symbol, building system of formal wear, separating uniforms for different classes, and adding additional uniforms. This illustrates the process of introducing and establishing western-style uniform in the East and can serve as a reference for similar studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.32-50
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to reveal the process of enactment and revision, the contents of the police uniform system by the Government-General of Joseon, and to examine the relationship between the uniform system and the ruling policies of Imperialist Japan. The research methodology involved document research of official gazettes that published legislation on the police uniform system. Political background was referenced from various preceding studies. The research results are as follows. The Japanese invasion of Korea, in regards to the police, appeared as infiltrations through the three routes of consular police, temporary military police, and inside the Korean police. Each organization had different uniform systems, and after the installation of the Japanese police in 1907, the uniform system of high level officers of the Korea police was changed to the Japanese-style. After the installation of the Government-General of Joseon in 1910, a police uniform system was not enacted until 1918, with the exception being made for police officers due to the military police system. The 'Police Officer Uniform System of the Government-General of Joseon' enacted in 1918 stood out for its golden insignia on solidly colored fabric, which effectively indicated rank, as well as the Japanese flag pattern and the cherry blossom pattern, which symbolized imperialist Japan, on the cap badge and insignia. The 1918 uniform system had many differences from the Japanese system of the time in terms of design, perhaps due to the political autonomy of the governor-general. The 1918 uniform system was completely revised in 1932. This uniform system was modified in various ways. The system was almost identical to the Japanese system at that time. This is the result of Japan's intent to dominate Korea, which involved assimilating Korea into Japan with the purpose of conducting a full-fledged invasion of the continent after the Manchurian Incident.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.51-65
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical basic data to develop public uniforms design, by understanding international universality and advanced design sense, through the analysis of public uniforms design at home and abroad. The theoretical study reviewed the character and area of public design, and the concepts and requirements of public uniforms. The empirical study analyzed public uniform design at home and abroad, focusing on typical public uniforms, such as police, fire fighter, and street cleaner. The results of this study were as follows. First, the police uniform has a standardized and formal suit style, which consists of a single-breasted dk-PB jacket with a notched collar and pants. It uses PB as the main color, to show their authority and role reliability. Epaulet or badge, which represents belonging and difference in rank, are attached to express the identity of an organization. Second, the fire fighter uniform consists of a hip length coat with a stand collar effective for heat shielding, and straight pants with flap pockets, in which it is easy to put things. Its main color is dkg-PB, to mitigate visual fatigue and enhance comfort, and an accent color scheme is used, to effectively raise visual attention and safety. Finally, the street cleaner uniform has a casual style, which consists of a jumper with a shirt collar and pants for high activity. v-YR and R with high chroma is mainly used, for increased attention during day and night work, to stress safety.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 2012

Traffic police officers are faced with many dangerous accidents due to outside duties on roads. Yet, researches on traffic officers' uniforms have mainly been focused on design aspects rather than functional aspects. This study therefore aims to figure out traffic officers' perceived needs for their uniforms and to offer some basic guidelines in manufacturing versatile safety vests for wearers. The study used a documentary survey replied by 236 traffic officers. The results of the study are as follows: 1. There are 10 different types of vests currently used by traffic officers. Vests are employed for purposes such as carrying police equipments, enabling officers to be noticeable in dark, protecting the body, etc. 2. Officers wear these vests which were officially designated by law. Among them, fluorescence versatile safety vests were most frequently worn by officers. 3. Officers who wore ready-made vests of which size was already determined, tended to perceive that the vests were relatively larger than their own size. 4. In terms of the functions of the vests, officers expressed needs for the improvement of the LED and retro-reflection tape along with the addition of thermal function to existing vests. The improvement of the form and functions of versatile safety vests which reflect needs of the users will boost the dignity and the sense of duty of the traffic police officers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

As a follow-up of a study on design strategies to improve Korea's Korean coast guarduniforms, this study set out to propose Korean coast guard uniforms of a new concept that would meet the changing needs of the times and match the advanced technology and work environments. Three concepts of classical, nautical and techno chic were identified from the design strategies of the previous study. Using the results from a prototype show and preference survey, the investigator divided items into design, color, material, and detail and reflects demands for each of them. As a result, design was examined in four aspects of identity, acknowledgement, unity, and practicality and focused its improvement factors on design differentiated from other organizations' uniforms including ground police, segmentation of size system, adjustment of the length of upper garment to consider activity, and changes to the lines and silhouette to give out a modern image. As for color, the focus was placed on differentiated colors from other organizations' uniforms including ground police through dark blue and ocean color, change toward colors that reflect environmental characteristics, and unity in colors between the summer and winter uniform. As for material, the focus of improvement was put on elasticity, resistance against contamination, warmth retention, texture, wearing sensation, and functionality by taking into account convenience for field workers on coast guard vessels and branch offices who have much time in contact with ocean environments in order to make the materials high-grade. As for detail, structural details were added to give out a modern image such as changing the detail lines, efficiency of storage space, buttons, sleeve hems, ironing lines, and neck collars by taking into account environmental characteristics. The significance of the study lies in that it proposed a development model for large-scale uniform copy design by establishing copy design that secures functionality and is proper for an organization's social and cultural environment.