• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.992-995
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• 2011

The optical properties of ZnO thin film, being treated by O-plasma, have been studied using Photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy with the change of temperature from 10 K to 290 K. Two characteristic peaks were identified at 10 K : 3.357 eV($D^{\circ}X$) and 3.324 eV(TES). The peak of $D^{\circ}X$ is believed to be due to neutral donor bound excitons where the donor is in the ground state. However, the TES(Two Electron Satellite) peak indicates the excited state of the donor(excitation energy was ~30 meV). The donor binding energy was estimated to be 44 meV, which indicates the possible presence of the neutral donor bound excitons at RT. The thermal effect including thermal broadening was identified from temperature evolution of the spectrum. Both the peak intensity and the peak energy have decreased as the temperature increases. As the temperature approaches to RT, the two peak merges into one broad peak, which is considered a combination of multiple peaks having different physical origins.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.2-10
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• 2017

Early detection and proper management of kidney rejection are crucial for the long-term health of a transplant recipient. Recipients are normally monitored by serum creatinine measurement and sometimes with graft biopsies. Donor-derived cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) in the recipient's plasma and/or urine may be a better indicator of acute rejection. We evaluated digital PCR (dPCR) as a system for monitoring graft status using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based detection of donor DNA in plasma or urine. We compared the detection abilities of the QX200, RainDrop, and QuantStudio 3D dPCR systems. The QX200 was the most accurate and sensitive. Plasma and/or urine samples were isolated from 34 kidney recipients at multiple time points after transplantation, and analyzed by dPCR using the QX200. We found that donor DNA was almost undetectable in plasma DNA samples, whereas a high percentage of donor DNA was measured in urine DNA samples, indicating that urine is a good source of cfDNA for patient monitoring. We found that at least 24% of the highly polymorphic SNPs used to identify individuals could also identify donor cfDNA in transplant patient samples. Our results further showed that autosomal, sex-specific, and mitochondrial SNPs were suitable markers for identifying donor cfDNA. Finally, we found that donor-derived cfDNA measurement by dPCR was not sufficient to predict a patient's clinical condition. Our results indicate that donor-derived cfDNA is not an accurate predictor of kidney status in kidney transplant patients.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.543-547
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• 2013

A temperature dependent (10K-290K) photoluminescence (PL) study for two differently prepared ZnO thin films (as-grown and O-plasma treated) is presented. Four characteristic peaks were identified for both samples: (i) neutral donor-bound excitons ($D^oX$), (ii) two electron satellites (TES), (iii) phonon replica of $D^oX$ ($D^oX$-1LO), and (iv) donor-acceptor pair transition (DAP). As the sample temperature increased, $D^oX$-1LO and DAP transitions became indistinct. This was accompanied by newly-rising emission of free electron-acceptor transitions (e, $A^o$). The spectral evolution with temperature for as-grown samples also showed the optical emission from free excitons, which became dominant at higher temperatures. Some features related to O-plasma were identified in PL spectra: (i) different positions of TES transitions (28meV lower than $D^oX$ for as-grown samples and 35meV for O-plasma treated samples), (ii) the decrease of spectral intensity in both emissions of $D^oX$ and DAP after O-plasma treatment, and (iii) no noticeable transition from free excitons after the O-plasma treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.3-14
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• 2005

To investigate phytotoxic substances in some donor plants and their biological activities, seed germination and seedling growth of receptor plants were examined at different concentrations of aqueous extracts and essential oils of the donor plants. Germination of some receptor species was inhibited by the extracts, while seedling growth was decreased to a lesser degree than in the germination test. Germination, seedling growth and dry weight growth of Achyranthes japonica grown in pot were proportionally inhibited by the extracts. Volatile substances emitted some donor plants caused inhibitory effects in the germination and seedling growth of the receptor species. Essential oil of the plants extracted by Karlsruker's apparatus Inhibited growth of microorganisms, callus growth and root hair development of receptor plants. The cortical cells at the root tips of Latuca sativa treated with essential oils showed contraction of the cytoplasm, resulting in plasma membranes becoming detached from the cell walls and the cells metamorphosing irregularity. Accumulation of lipid granules Inside contracted cytoplasm and degeneration of mitochondrial cristae were also observed. The GC/MS method was employed for analysis and identification of allelochemicals from donor plants. Sixty-one chemical substances such as camphene, cineole etc. were identified from essential oils of Artemisia argyi.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2007

Effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) on plasma hormonal concentration, embryo quality, and pregnancy rate were examined during the superovulation and synchronization treatment in donor and recipient cows. Hanwoos (Korean native beef cattle) were treated with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) combined with bST (CIDR+bST) or without bST (CIDR) as donor cows. The embryos recovered from donors were transferred into Holstein recipient heifers treated with bST (CIDR+bST) or without bST (CIDR) for synchronization. The correlation between IGF-I and P4 showed a positive pattern in the CIDR+bST group (r=0.44, p<0.01), but a negative pattern was shown in the CIDR group (r = -0.59, p<0.02) at day 7 of estrous cycles. Although the number of recovered, transferable, and degenerated embryos was not different, quantities of grade 1 (excellent) embryos in CIDR+bST group were significantly higher than those of the CIDR group (p<0.01). The pregnancy rate was higher in the CIDR+bST recipient group compared to CIDR group (p<0.05), when the embryos were recovered from the donors treated with CIDR. However, the pregnancy was maintained highly in both recipient groups, when the embryos were produced by CIDR+bST treated donors. It can be concluded that bST administration combined with CIDR is an effective method for superovulation and synchronization treatment to stabilize plasma hormonal levels, to obtain excellent quality of embryos, and to get higher pregnancy rate.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.50-51
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 2015

The physical effects of H-plasma treatment on ZnO thin film have been studied using photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy. Four characteristic peaks have been identified: (i) $D^0X$ peak (neutral donor-bound exciton), showing relatively small integrated intensity after H-plasma treatment, indicates that H-plasma passivates the neutral donors in ZnO at low temperatures. The rapid decrease in the integrated intensity of the peak as the temperature goes up is considered to be due to the ionization of neutral donors. (ii) H-related complex-bound exciton peak appears at the low temperatures (10 K~80 K) after H-plasma treatment, showing the same thermal evolution as $D^0X$ peak. (iii) FX (free exciton) peak starts to show up at 60 K and grows more and more as the temperature goes up, which is considered to be related to the increase in free electron concentration in the film. (iv) violet band is intensified after H-plasma, which means more defects and impurities are generated by H-plasma process.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 1996

Lipopretein(a)[Lp(a)] is a macromolecular complex found in human plasma that combines structural elements composed of LDL and apo(a), and that is associated with premature coronary heart disease and stroke. In this study, various samples which consisted of normal and abnormal LDL and LP(a) were selected for compar-ison. The above samples were incubated with copper in order to oxidize and to compare atheroma formation, in vitro and free radical formation of Lp(a) was decreased compared to purified LDl. And LDL or Lp(a) from a 40 year old donor was higher in the free radical formation than that fro, a 20 years old donor. In order to investigate the macrophage foam cell formation, oxidized LDL of Lp(a) was incubated with human monocyte derived macrophage(HMDM). Oxidized samples enhanced on acceptability f foam cell formation by HMDM were compared to the control group. Also, structural change of LDL and Lp(a) against oxidation times were found from HPLC mapping.

• Korean Journal of Transplantation
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.84-91
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• 2018

Background: This study examined the outcomes of ABO incompatible living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The changes in the immunologic factors that might help predict the long term outcomes were also studied. Methods: Twenty-three patients, who underwent ABO incompatible LDLT from 2010 to 2015, were reviewed retrospectively. The protocol was the same as for ABO compatible LDLT except for the administration of rituximab and plasma exchange. The clinical outcomes and immunologic factors, such as isoagglutinin titer and cluster of differentiation 20+ (CD20+) lymphocyte levels were reviewed. Results: The center showed a 3-year survival of 64% with no case of antibody-mediated rejection. When transplantation-unrelated mortalities (for example, traffic accidents and myocardial infarction) were removed from statistical analysis, the 3-year survival was 77.8%. Although isoagglutinin titers continued to remain at low levels, the CD20+ lymphocyte levels recovered to the pre-Rituximab levels at postoperative one year. Conclusions: As donor shortages continue, ABO incompatible liver transplantation is a feasible method to expand the donor pool. On the other hand, caution is still needed until more long-term outcomes are reported. Because CD20+ lymphocytes are recovered with time, more immunologic studies will be needed in the future.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.571-576
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• 2022

Advancements in the field of proteomics have provided opportunities to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against various diseases. About half of the world's population remains at risk of malaria. Caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, malaria is one of the oldest and largest risk factors responsible for the global burden of infectious diseases with an estimated 3.2 billion persons at risk of infection. For epidemiological surveillance and appropriate treatment of individuals infected with Plasmodium spp., timely detection is critical. In this study, we used combinations of depletion of abundant plasma proteins, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), image analysis, LC-MS/MS and western blot analysis on the plasma of healthy donors (100 individuals) and vivax and falciparum malaria patients (100 vivax malaria patients and 8 falciparum malaria patients). These analyses revealed that α1-antichymotrypsin (AACT) protein levels were elevated in vivax malaria patient plasma samples (mean fold-change ± standard error: 2.83 ± 0.11, based on band intensities), but not in plasma from patients with other mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The results of AACT immunoblot analyses showed that AACT protein was significantly elevated in vivax and falciparum malaria patient plasma samples (≥ 2-fold) compared to healthy control donor plasma samples, which has not been previously reported.